628 - BSC BOTANY IV Semester

KAKATIYA UNIVERSITY - WARANGAL - TELANGANA
Under Graduate Courses (Under CBCS 2020–2021 onwards)

B.Sc. BOTANY II Year
SEMESTER – IV
CELL BIOLOGY AND PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Theory: 4 Hours/Week Credits: 4 Marks: 100 (Internal: 20; External: 80)

Practical: 3 Hours/Week Credits: 1 Marks: 25
UNIT I: Plant cell envelops: Ultra structure of cell wall, molecular organization of cell membranes.
1. Models of membrane structure, Functions, fluidity and Selective permeability of the

membranes.
2. Cell Organelles: Structure and semiautonomous nature of Mitochondria and Chloroplast.
3. Structure and role of endoplamic reticulum, ribosomes, golgi complex, lysosomes, peroxisomes and
glyoxisomes.
UNIT-II
Nucleus: Ultra structure, types and functions of DNA & RNA.
4. Chromosomes: Morphology, organization of DNA in a chromosome, Euchromatin and

Heterochromatin, Karyotype. Special types of chromosomes: Lampbrush and
Polytene chromosomes.
5. Extra nuclear genome: Mitochondrial DNA and Plastid DNA.. Plasmids.
8. Cell division: Cell and its regulation; mitosis, meiosis and their significance
UNIT- III
9. Plant -Water Relations: Physical properties of water, diffusion, imbibitions, osmosis; osmotic
and pressure Potential, absorption and transport of water.
10. Mineral Nutrition: Essential macro and micro mineral nutrients, and symptoms of mineral
deficiency.
11.Transpiration; Stomatal structure and movement. Mechanism of phloem transport.
Mechanism of phloem transport.
12. Enzymes: Nomenclature, Characteristics, Classification and factors regulating enzyme activity.
UNIT- IV
13. Photosynthesis: Photosynthetic pigments, Mechanism of photosynthetic electron transport and

evolution of oxygen, Photophosphorylation . Carbon assimilation pathways: C3, C4 and CAM.
14. Respiration: Aerobic and Anaerobic; Glycolysis, Krebs cycle and electron transport system.
15. Nitrogen Metabolism: Biological nitrogen fixation
16. Physiological effects of Phytohormones: Auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ABA, ethylene and
Brassinosteroids
References:
1. Sharma, A. K. and A. Sharma. 1999. Plant Chromosomes: Analysis, Manipulation and Engineering.
Harward Academic Publishers, Australia.
2. Shukla, R. S. and P. S. Chandel. 2007. Cytogenetics, Evolution, Biostatistics and Plant Breeding.
S.Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Verma, P. S. and V. K. Agrawal. 2004. Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Evolution
and Ecology. S. Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi. 1. Hopkins, W. G. 1995.
4. Introduction to Plant Physiology. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New
York, USA
5. Jain, J.L., S. Jain and Nitin Jain. 2008. Fundamentals of Biochemistry. S. Chand & Company
Ltd., New Delhi.
6. Pandey, B. P. 2007. Botany for Degree Students: Plant Physiology, Biochemistry,
Biotechnology, Ecology and Utilization of Plants. S. Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi.
th
7. Salisbury, F. B. and C. W. Ross. 1992. Plant Physiology. 4 edn. (India Edition), Wordsworth,
Thomson Learning Inc.,USA.
nd
8. Taiz, L. and E. Zeiger. 1998. Plant Physiology (2 Ed.). Sinauer Associates, Inc., Publishers,
Massachusetts, USA.
9. Dutta A.C. 2016. Botany for Degree Students. Oxford University Press.
***
KAKATIYA UNIVERSITY - WARANGAL - TELANGANA
Under Graduate Courses (Under CBCS 2020–2021 onwards)
B.Sc. BOTANY II Year
SEMESTER – IV
CELL BIOLOGY AND PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

PRACTICAL
1. Demonstration of cytochemical methods: Fixation of plant material and nuclear staining

for mitotic and meiotic studies.
2. Study of various stages of mitosis using cytological preparation of Onion root tips.
3. Study of various stages of meiosis using cytological preparation of onion flower buds.
4. Study of ultra structure of cell organelles using photographs. Chloroplast,
Mitochondria, Nucleus, Ribosomes, Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex.
5. Study of Special types of Chromosomes (Polytene chromosome and Lampbrush
chromosomes-P e r m a n e n t s l i d e ) ✓
6. Determination of osmotic potential of vacuolar sap by Plasmolytic method using leaves
of Rheodiscolor / Tradescantia.
7. Determinion of rate of transpiration using Cobalt chloride method
8. Determination of stomatal frequency using leaf epidermal peelings / impressions
9. Determination of catalase activity using potato tubers by titration method
10. Separation of chloroplast pigments using paper chromatography technique
11. Estimation of protein by Biurette method
12. Mineral deficiency- Detail study of Micronutrients and Macro nutrients
13. Identification of C 3 ,C 4 and CAM plants.
***

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KAKATIYA UNIVERSITY - WARANGAL - TELANGANA

Under Graduate Courses (Under CBCS 2020–2021 onwards)

CELL BIOLOGY AND PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Theory: 4 Hours/Week Credits: 4 Marks: 100 (Internal: 20; External: 80)

1. Models of membrane structure, Functions, fluidity and Selective permeability of the

Nucleus: Ultra structure, types and functions of DNA & RNA.

4. Chromosomes: Morphology, organization of DNA in a chromosome, Euchromatin and

13. Photosynthesis: Photosynthetic pigments, Mechanism of photosynthetic electron transport and

CELL BIOLOGY AND PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

1. Demonstration of cytochemical methods: Fixation of plant material and nuclear staining

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