Source: MIL TG by CHED

MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY WEEK 7
NOVEMBER 23 -27, 2020

MAGDALENA B. DASCO
(SUBJECT TEACHER)
Learning Competencies: Analyze how the different dimensions are formally and informally produced,
organized, and disseminated, and evaluate a creative text-based presentation using design principles
and elements
TEXT
What is a TEXT?
a. Text is very powerful as well in disseminating information, providing direction and giving suggestions.
b. Text is available in different sources whether it is formal (news articles, published books, newspapers,
magazines, advertisements, research works, etc.) or informal (blogs, personal e- mails, SMS or text
messages, online messengers, social media platforms, etc).
 Formal text-based materials are created and distributed by established institutions (such as
publishing companies, news agencies, etc.) and go through a rigorous process of editing or
evaluation and are usually governed by censorship of the state.
 Informal text-based materials, on the other hand, come from personal opinions or views on
different issues, processes, etc.
c. Text can be as short such as a single sentence or phrase, or they can be as lengthy as news articles or
investigative reporting. No matter how brief or lengthy, however, a text is always carefully written with
the intent of sending a very specific message to the target audience. (Source: MIL TG by CHED)
TYPES OF TEXT
- HYPERTEXT serve to link different electronic documents and enable users to jump from one to
other in a nonlinear way
- PLAINTEXT or UNFORMATTED TEXT fixed sized characters having essentially the same type of
appearance
- FORMATTED TEXT appearance can be changed using font parameters (bold, underline, italic,
font size, font color, etc.)
(Source: p.144, Media and Information Literacy by Boots C. Liquigan, Diwa Learning Systems Inc.)
TEXT AS VISUAL
a. Typeface (also called font, font type, or type) refers to the representation or style of a text in the
digital format.
b. A typeface is usually comprised of alphabets, numbers, punctuation marks, symbols and other special
characters. When fonts are installed in the computer, they usually come in file formats such as True
Type Font (.ttf), Open Type Font (.otf), etc.
c. In the absence of images or drawings, text is the easiest way of communicating to your audience. The
use of various font types can express different emotions or meaning. (Source: p. 119, MIL TG by CHED)
TYPES OF TYPEFACES:
Serif Serif - connotes formality and readability in large amount of texts. This font is usually used for the
body text of books, newspapers, magazines and research publication. Also, serif fonts give a classic or
elegant look when used for title or heading.
Examples: Times New Roman, Garamond, Baskerville
Sans serif - brings a clean or minimalist look to the text. This font is used for clear and direct meaning of
text such as road signage, building directory or nutrition facts in food packages. Also, sans serif fonts
give a modern look and is used primarily in webpage design.
Examples: Arial, Helvetica, Tahoma, Verdana, Calibri

Slab serif- carries a solid or heavy look to text. This font can be used for large advertising sign on
billboards.
Examples: Rockwell, Playbill, Blackoak
Script- draws much attention to itself because of its brush-like strokes. This must be used sparingly and
not to be used in large body text. This font is usually used in wedding invitation cards or other formal
events.
Examples: Edwardian, Vladimir, Kunstler
Decorative Display or decorative - caters to a wide variety of emotions (such as celebration, fear,
horror, etc.) or themes (such as cowboys, circus, holidays, summer, kiddie, etc.)
Examples: Chiller, Jokerman, Curlz MT
Design principles and elements:
1. Emphasis - refers to the importance or value given to a part of the text-based content. When trying to
make a point or highlighting a message, you can make the text bold, italicized, have a heavier weight,
darkened or lightened (depending on your background color) or enlarged.
2. Appropriateness - refers to how fitting or suitable the text is used for a specific audience, purpose or
event. In the creation of text-based content, make sure that the selection criteria (tone, style, purpose,
clarity) is followed. As for the choice of typefaces to be used, refer to the discussion of the
characteristics of the fonts. When it comes to large body text, the font should be clear enough to read.
3. Proximity - refers to how near or how far are the text elements from each other. When two things are
closely related, we bring them close together. Otherwise, we put text elements far from each other. For
example, the main title and subtitle are usually placed close to each other.
4. Alignment - refers to how the text is positioned in the page. This can be left, right, center or justified.
5. Organization - refers to a conscious effort to organize the different text elements in a page.
Organization ensures that while some text elements are separated from each other (based on the
principle of proximity), they are still somehow connected with the rest of the elements in the page.
When there are many elements needed to fit in a page, start by creating a framework or a compartment
for the elements. Divide the space by creating lines across the page, making it look like a cabinet with
various space sizes. Once you are done compartmentalizing, you can place the different text elements
on the boxes.
6. Repetition- concerns consistency of elements and the unity of the entire design. Repetition
encourages the use of repeating some typefaces within the page. When several typefaces are used on a
page, it might distract the audience and fail to communicate what you want them to get from the
content. To strike a balance, do not also use just a single typeface for a visual design product.
7. Contrast- creates visual interest to text elements. Contrast is achieved when two elements are
different from each other. When you place a white text on a very light yellow background, contrast is
not achieved and the text will be difficult to read, but when you put a white text on a dark brown
background, contrast is created. Contrast can be achieved in various ways, by joining the following
elements: large font with a small font, serif and sans serif, thin elements with thin elements, cool color
and warm color.
***GOD BLESS***

Source: MIL TG by CHED

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MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY WEEK 7

NOVEMBER 23 -27, 2020

Examples: Times New Roman, Garamond, Baskerville

Examples: Arial, Helvetica, Tahoma, Verdana, Calibri

Examples: Rockwell, Playbill, Blackoak

Examples: Edwardian, Vladimir, Kunstler

Examples: Chiller, Jokerman, Curlz MT

Design principles and elements:

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