Slope and portal stabilisation

Temporary tunnel stabilisation

TITAN for tunnels and mining

A self-drilling system –
many applications

Permanent anchorages

pile -209
o
m icr 34.14
A N al Z-
T
TI prov
p
IBta
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 TITAN system
A self-drilling system with many applications

As a leader in the development of self-drilling ground anchors, soil

nails and pressure-grouted anchors, ISCHEBECK has launched the
TITAN micropile with DIBt approval Z-34.14-209 successfully on the
market. ISCHEBECK is well known in the geotechnical systems sector
for its innovative applications and further developments of the TITAN
hollow steel tendon. The company is therefore an established partner TITAN micropiles for tunnel
when it comes to self-drilling systems for civil and underground portal stabilisation
engineering rehabilitation projects, mining and tunnelling.

This brochure illustrates the diverse potential uses of the easy-to-

handle, self-drilling TITAN hollow steel tendon for temporary and
permanent applications.

As a supplier of integrated solutions, we know that personal contact

and advice are just as important as reliable products. Our engineers
are always available for personal discussions. Simply call us on
+49 2333 8305-0 or send an e-mail to info@ischebeck.de.
We can find a solution together.

TITAN micropiles for slope

stabilisation

Advantages for clients Advantages for designers Advantages for contractors

• Proven in many challenging • Standardised and straightforward • Easy to use

situations system • Fast progress on site
• Economical • Comprehensive support from • Design depth is reached even in
• Highly reliable installation method manufacturer boreholes at risk of collapse.
• Fast progress on site • Stabilisation of problematic geology • Responds readily to changing
• Ductile steel grade (high deformation (dynamic grouting) geology
reserves = greater safety) • Ductile steel grade (high deformation • Uses existing installation and
reserves = greater safety) grouting plant
• Can also be used where accessibility • Ductile steel grade (high deformation
is restricted reserves = greater safety)
• Support from ISCHEBECK engineers

DIB TIT
t A
De appr N mi
sig ova cro
n li p
fe: l Z-34 ile
10
0+ .14-2
yea 09
2 rs
 TITAN radial bolting for additional safety in
rock formations with low cohesion

TITAN composite pile roof, the

alternative to a pile umbrella

TITAN spiles for tunnel stabilisation

around the working area

TITAN tunnel face anchors for

stabilising the working face

TITAN self-drilling system

Steel grades 4
Thread types 5
TITAN self-drilling TITAN composite pile roof
Structural model 6
System features 8
Tunnel stabilisation system10
TITAN tunnel floor stabilisation, minimising Stabilisation of slopes and tunnel portals 12
settlement, temporarily or permanently Tunnel rehabilitation and cavern stabilisation 14
Method of installation 16
Dynamic grouting16
Static grouting17
Special solutions
Hydrostatic pressure 18
Ground freezing  18
High-pressure injection 19
Squeezing rock masses20
IQ-Quickset Roofbolt® 21
System components22
Technical data23
 TITAN self-drilling system
Steel grades

Requirements regarding reinforcing steel properties

The hollow steel tendons of self-drilling systems are used in
accordance with the following standards: prestressing steel strands
grade 1570/1770
DIN 21521 Rock bolts for mining and tunnelling
DIN EN 1537 Ground anchors
DIN EN 14199 Micropiles
DIN EN 14490 Soil nailing
Hollow steel tendons are classed as reinforcing bars
according to DIN EN 10080/DIN 488 and Eurocode 2
Prestressing steel,
(DIN EN 1992). grade 950/1050
Spannstahl St. 950/1050
The following steel grade is required for class B:
• Yield stress f y,k: 400–600 N/mm² TITAN hollow steel tendon
• Yield stress ratio (f t/f y)kor Rm/Re ≥ 1.08 stress-strain corrosion risk
erhöhte Spannungskorrosion
made from S460 NH fine-
Stahltragglied TITAN
• Elongation at maximum load εuk or Agt ≥ 5.0% grain structural steel S460 NH
aus Feinkornbaustahl
TITAN hollow steel tendons are manufactured from hollow •R
sections to DIN EN 10210 under the provisions of the above perm. yield stress
zul. Dehngrenze < 600
< 600 N/mm²,
N/mm²
m

600
standards and comply with all the all the main requirements Re
Verbundverhalten
EC2 EC2
bond behaviour
of steel reinforcing bars. Reinforcing steel,
Betonstahl grade
St. 500/550
500/550
Requirements regarding self-drilling installation
Stress σ N/mm²

Self-drilling systems are installed with a rotary percussive

action. A tough, ductile steel with a high notched impact
strength is necessary for the high loads that occur during
the process. Therefore we use fine-grain structural steel
grade S460NH for our TITAN hollow steel tendons, which is Strain ε [%] %
Dehnung
not sensitive to stress corrosion cracking. The notched im-
pact strength of this steel is W ≥ 40J (at -20° C), well above Reserves in the case of overloading
the values of general structural and pre-stressing steels Range normally used Agt > 5 %
(27J and 15J respectively). This key property greatly reduces
the risk of damage during installation.

Safety requirements
Due to its high ductility, the steel used in our products reacts Brittle steel
with highly uniform strain in the event of overload. If the
overload remains constant, visible deformations occur first
before the component fails. Sudden failure is therefore ruled Reinforcing
out. steel

It is for these reasons that we do not offer high-strength TITAN hollow steel
steels with a yield stress > 600 N/mm². tendon

Corrosion protection

TITAN hollow steel tendons for permanent applications are

reliably protected by the surrounding body of cement grout.
The following additional measures can be employed to im-
prove the corrosion protection for special applications:
• Hot-dip galvanising
• Duplex coating
• Stainless steel

4
TITAN self-drilling system
Thread types

TITAN thread
Reinforcing bar thread

In order to transfer the loads from the steel tendon (i.e.

reinforcement) to the surrounding grout body, it is

St
necessary to create a shear bond between them. The

ru
t
effectiveness of the shear bond essentially depends on 45°
the geometry of the ribs.
Therefore, the geometry of steel reinforcing bars to Splitting force
DIN EN 10080/DIN 488 and EC2 (DIN EN 1992) must
comply with two main requirements:
• The dimension of the relative rib area fR is the key
parameter for the quality of the bond. The relative rib
area for the rebar thread of the TITAN system is
fR = 0.14–0.25. It is therefore much higher than the TITAN thread, DIN 488
relative rib area of ribbed reinforcing bars (fR = 0.056).
Transfer of bond stres-
• A flank angle α > 40° is required to limit the splitting
ses between reinforce-
forces. In the TITAN system the flank angles of the
ment and cement grout
inclined rib surfaces are α ≥ 45° (drilling rods with rope
without generating large
thread α ≈ 17°).
splitting forces or hoop
tension stresses leading
The crack widths in the grout body at maximum load
to cracks in the
therefore stay below the maximum permissible width of
concrete.
0.1mm to maintain permanent corrosion protection.
Those are the main reasons why the building authorities Coupling nut with steel
have approved the TITAN system. ring as central stop and
seal (240 bar capacity)

Centraliser

R-thread
Drilling rod with rope thread

Drilling tool threads (e.g. R32 and R38) are round (or rope) Str
threads to ISO 10208 “Rock drilling equipment; left-hand ut
rope threads”. This type of thread is optimised for quick 17°

detachability under high loads in confined conditions. Splitting force

However, such threads do not satisfy the requirements

for reinforcing steel regarding shear bond and crack
width limitation. For drilling rod or rope thread a rip
relationship cannot be specified.
The flank angle of 17° does not meet the requirement of Rope thread,acc. to ISO 10208
the standard for reinforcing steel (a ≥ 40°).
Designed for easy detachablility
of the drilling tool under extreme
conditions.

Coupling nut with

central stop

5
 TITAN composite pile roof – structural system
The alternative to a pipe umbrella

The main feature of the TITAN composite pile roof is the improvement
ion
to the self-supporting behaviour of the rock formation in the funnel
in f r ict
area in front of the working face. Installing reinforcement helps the ug h sk
rock formation to support itself when using the NATM*. Reducing the d th ro
Bon
exploitation of the strength of the rock mass results in greater
relative safety.
The aim is to drive as long as possible without problems, without
interruptions.
Powerful finite element methods are available for the structural
modelling. The result is a considerable potential for saving steel
compared with conventional pipe umbrellas.
rete
s hotc
d in
* NATM: New Austrian Tunneling Method bon

TITAN composite pile roof: tensioned cable model

• The loadbearing action is based on the shear bond

between the TITAN hollow steel tendon (the reinforcement)
and the surrounding dynamically and radially grouted rock
ur al
r uc t
mass. This is possible thanks to the TITAN thread
(rebar thread). s t
• The tendon is a slender bar, a “tensioned cable”, fixed
new odel
m
between two restrained supports.
• The strain in the hollow steel tendon is critical.
shotcrete

Support A Support B
Internal lining + shotcrete Working face
Full fixity Full fixity
qz(x)
TITAN hollow
Fz(z) steel tendon

small cross-section + full fixity at both ends = low deflection = low surface settlement
-> Activation of large axial forces

As a comparison:
Conventional pipe umbrella as a beam

• Unrestrained support since virtually no bond with the rock.

• The bending stiffness E · Iy of the pipe is critical.

Support A Support B
Internal lining + shotcrete Working face
Sliding support Sliding support

qz(x)
My(z) Pipe

large moment of inertia = low deflection = low surface settlement

-> Large bending moments can be admitted

6
 Funnel

90°

qz(x)

uted
G ro k m a s s
ro c

hurrying ahead
ngth
reinforcement ass stre
n of th e rock m
o
xploitati greater safety
Lower e =

m
1,0 – 3,0 r ea
approx. ured working a
sec

TITAN composite pile roof TITAN composite pile roof

• Bond between TITAN hollow steel tendon and grout body as well as between
TITAN tendon and shotcrete
• Interlocking effect creates bond between grout and rock mass
• TITAN hollow steel tendon fixed at both ends
• Designed for tension (design of the lower layer for tension)
• Characteristic steel stress for bond = max. 500 N/mm²
• Steel cross-section A = 900 mm² (TITAN 40/16)
• Hole diameter = Ø90 mm (TITAN 40/16)
• Grout body up to Ø140 mm for hole diameter
Ø90 mm plus injection into rock formation
• Relative exploitation of rock mass strength λ < 0.85
• Small hole diameter results in less disruption of the rock formation
• Dynamic grouting results in a distinct improvement to the rock structure Rotary injection
• Arching effect between the TITAN hollow steel tendons 5–15 bar
• In case of 2-layer-composite pile roof, design of composite pile roof as double
reinforced beam

As a comparison: conventional pipe umbrella Pipe umbrella

• Sliding support at both sides

• Designed for bending and shear
• Characteristic steel stress for bond = max. 105 N/mm²
• Steel cross-section A = 4073 mm² (Ø140 × 10 mm pipe)
• Hole diameter Ø150 mm (Ø140 mm pipe)

7
 TITAN composite pile roof – system features
5
Temporary forepoling for trouble-free tunneling 3 4 25
N o. 102
n t
Pate

Applications
• Tunnel support in rock with low cohesion or in loosely bedded
soils
• Tunnel support in fault zones
• Stabilisation around tunnel entrance

Practical advantages for contractors

• Steel weight savings of up to 80%
• Uses the same drilling method as for installing anchors and
spiles
• Easy handling due to small steel cross-sections
• Bolt pockets and sawtooth profiles are unnecessary or can be
made much smaller
• No need for drill string extraction
• Filling of openings and valves is unnecessary lattice girders
• No connections sensitive to bending (e.g. Pantex >130-26-34)
• Rock injection continuous over entire bore length
• Flushing and grouting pressures and flow rates can be regulated
over the pressure-grouting plant with double plunger pump and
recorded with flow rate/pressure logger

section
Shotcrete

Composite pile roof

Two layer design example*
Design as two layer
bending beam

Embedment length in
New shotcrete section
shotcrete
Shotcrete shell with lattice girders installed afterwards
Stabilised section
Segment length 3 m
* multilayer according static calculation possible

8
 Stabilised section

Coupling nuts instead of labourious pipe joints

The hollow steel tendons of the TITAN composite

pile roof are primarily loaded in tension. That means
it is possible to use tried-and-tested coupling nuts
with a central stop and pressure seal:
• without loss of cross-section
• approved by the building authorities for
alternating tension/compression
• approved by the building authorities
-f r e e for dynamic loads
7 m t rouble ce)
12 - 1 ling (advan • central stop ensures optimum
tu nne transfer of impact energy during
drilling

Funnel
ne
pla
u re
fail

drill bit
Embedment length above working face + guiding
device

Overlap = effective length

9
 Tunnel stabilisation
Radial and rock bolts – tunnel face anchors – self-drilling spiles – tunnel floor reinforcement –
TITAN composite pile roof

Hollow steel tendons with the TITAN thread are used when the bond
behaviour is critical for the level of safety required.
The advantages of the self-drilling system are:
• Variable applications
• Especially advantageous in rocks/soils with low cohesion
• Simple to install in unstable boreholes
• No stalling when drilling across clefts
• Drilling and installation in one operation
• Stabilisation of the borehole with cement slurry (optional)
• Dynamic grouting during drilling (optional)
• Grouting assured over full depth of borehole
• No need to extract drill strings

Self-drilling spiles
(grouting spiles)
Geotechnik
Tunnelbau / Bergbau • For stabilisation ahead of working
Baustellenbericht
face
• For safeguarding operations at
Vortriebsbilder Injektionsbohranker the working face
• Ground improvement through
dynamic grouting (optional)
• Temporary
• With perforations on
request
A

Rock bolts Tunnel face anchors TITAN tunnel floor

Radial bolting reinforcement
• Stabilisation of working face in
• Anchoring system squeezing rock masses • For strengthening the base of the
• Can accommodate rock pressure • Stabilisation of working face tunnel arch
• Local stabilisation of blocks and when using pipe umbrellas or • Designed to DIBt approval
fault zones TITAN composite pile roof Z-34.14-209
• Follow-up rock stabilisation • Ground improvement through • Temporary or permanent
• Ground improvement through Friedr. Ischebeck GmbH dynamicTel.: grouting (optional) GEOTECHNIK
(0 23 33) 83 05-0
Fax: (0 23 33) 83 05-55
dynamic grouting (optional)Loher Straße 31-79 • TemporaryInfo@ischebeck.de Datum 16.10.2003
• Temporary 58256 Ennepetal www.ischebeck.de AV-Nr. 303-1

B C D
10
E B

TITAN composite pile roof

(see pp. 6–9)

• Tunnel roof stabilised up to 17 m

ahead
• Stabilisation of fault zones
• Crown stabilisation on tunnel

D
profile
• Stabilisation of thin overlying
strata
• Reduced settlement
• Ground improvement through
dynamic grouting
• Temporary

E
11
 Stabilisation of tunnel portals and slopes
RMANE
PE
Soil nailing and shotcrete stabilisation, temporary or permanent (100+ years)

NT
DIBt
appr
. Z-3
4.1 4-20
9

The stabilisation of tunnel portals and slopes is covered in

DIN EN 14199 and DIN EN 14490. The soil nails are in the form of
TITAN micropiles, which are approved for permanent applications
according to DIBt approval Z-34.14-209. According to DIN EN 1990,
Table 2.1, category 5, permanent means 100+ years without any
restrictions.

The DRILL-DRAIN® system is installed using the same drilling method.

TITAN micropile for slope

stabilisation
TITAN micropile for tunnel
portal stabilisation

Claw Plate Washer Plate (domed) Angle Adapter Plate

• for lightweight protective netting • for shotcrete • For use together with washer
• 5° angle compensation spherical • 5° angle compensation plate (domed)
collar nut spherical collar nut • Compensates for angles of
up to ± 36 °
• Self-centring

12
Portal stabilisation Slope stabilisation

• Anchoring of shotcrete shell • Installation of reinforcement in the ground

• Head detail within shotcrete • Dowelling of active and passive soil wedges
• Ground improvement by dynamic grouting • Ground improvement by dynamic grouting
• When using sufficiently long TITAN hollow steel • Fixing of protective netting or geotextiles
tendons: • Exposed components are hot-dip galvanised
- additional dowelling of active and passive soil
wedges
- relief for shotcrete shell

DRILL-DRAIN®

TITAN 40/27 hollow bar system as a horizontal drain and

to reduce the pore water pressure with special, permeable
grout body for draining slopes and rock formations safely
and reliably.
The system is:
• self-drilling
• not sensitive to scaling
• unsensitive to colmatation
Shortly after installation
For further information please refer to our DRILL-DRAIN®
brochure.

m
0,5

6m

DRILL-DRAIN®
TITAN 40/27 Six years after installation -
the drainage of the subsoil is clearly visible
Longitudinal drainage

13
 Tunnel rehabilitation and cavern stabilisation
Permanent anchoring 100+ years

Self-drilling TITAN micropiles according to DIBt approval Z-34.14-209

are suitable for permanent retaining structures of internal masonry
linings, shotcrete shells and for permanent stabilisation of brittle rock
formations and individual blocks. According to DIN EN 1990, Table 2.1,
category 5, permanent means 100+ years without any restrictions.

Examples of applications:
• Tunnel rehabilitation/reinforcement
• Cavern stabilisation

A pp
rov
perm ed for
a p p a n e nt
l ic a t
ion s

Retaining structures

• Tying back with TITAN micropiles

• Approved by the building authorities
• Self-drilling
• Dynamic grouting
• Ground improvement

14
 Assured injection by dynamic
grouting

TITAN micropile as tension pile

• No re-tensioning necessary
• Steel rebar thread, DIN EN 10080, DIN 488
• Protected against corrosion by cement grout
cover with limited crack width
• Ductile steel

Pile head in shotcrete for

100% corrosion protection

Corrosion protection included Extra corrosion protection Stainless steel

The cement grout cover provides In case of special requirements, such (INOX)
protection against corrosion. To as big cavities, aggressive mountain • National Technical Approval
achieve permanent corrosion water or exposed head construction, DIBt Z-30.3-6
protection, no crack width in the optional corrosion protection can be • Suitable for highest class of
grout body may exceed 0.1 mm provided: resistance - IV/severe (chlorides,
(crack width limitation). The TITAN • Hot-dip galvanising sulphur dioxide, mine water)
system complies with this • DUPLEX protection • Suitable for concentrations of
requirement. • Stainless steel (INOX) pollutants (e.g. in road tunnels) and
seawater

15
 Method of installation
Dynamic grouting

The TITAN system is installed according to the Comparatively high skin friction values are even
National Technical Approval. The approval achieved in problematic soils. The prerequisites for
prescribes borehole stabilisation and immediate dynamic grouting are a flushing head on the rock drill
dynamic grouting with a cement suspension via the and powerful pressure-grouting plant. This method
drill bit in unstable soil and unconsolidated rock. has been proved worthwhile in many projects. To seal
Grouting does not interrupt the installation the end of an upward-inclined borehole, a preventer
procedure. The advantage of this method is can be adapted to fit the existing drilling equipment.
the continuous working process and also the
creation of an excellent interlock between the soil or
unconsolidated rock and the grout body. The grain
structure, cracks and clefts are reliably filled with
grout.

Borehole stabilisation: Some of the cement infiltrates the structure of the soil
Drilling with flushing and supporting fluid or rock. This primary injection significantly improves the
shear bond between the grout body and soil or rock. The
A thin cement slurry is generally used for this, which is difference between this and air flushing is that there is
ejected from the openings in the drill bit during rotary no loosening or relieving of the borehole walls. Flushing
percussive drilling. It supports the borehole against fluids without stabilising properties can be used in stable
collapse and transports the cuttings to the surface. boreholes.

Dynamic grouting: borehole right from the beginning. Borehole stabilisation

Rotary injection of grout and dynamic grouting are then carried out in one
process.
A stiff cement suspension or special anchor mortar, • Post-grouting is unnecessary.
matched to the installation conditions and properties of • A flow rate/pressure logger records the flushing and
the soil or rock, is injected with increasing pressure while grouting pressure.
the drill hammer is still rotating. This process is also • Pressure-grouting plant with a double plunger pump
known as rotary injection. During this, the flushing/sup- and separate mixing and storage tanks enable the flow
porting fluid is displaced by the grout and forced into the rate and pressure to be regulated separately and
soil or rock. Depending on the installation conditions, it guarantees a continuous process .
can be advisable to use grout to stabilise the

Injection
pressure

16
Static grouting

For temporary stabilisation in

essentially stable boreholes,
self-drilling systems in under-
ground tunnelling and mining
operations are usually drilled and
subsequently grouted in separate
operations:

1. Drilling the hollow bar system

with air or water flushing
2. Move drilling rig to next bore- Bore hole stopper -
hole position. screw on type Grouting connector for static
3. Carry out static grouting via • For sealing boreholes prior grouting
grouting hose. to static grouting • Hose cannot get twisted
4. Move grouting hose to next • Cannot fall out • Connecting thread and hose are
borehole. • Secures the system uncoupled
against falling out • Integral sealing system
The advantages of this method
are that the boreholes can be
very simply closed off afterwards and the drilling
operations remain independent of the grouting
operations. A separate working platform is re-
quired for handling the grouting hose.

External flushing head

Drilling equipment
A hydraulic clamping unit is
required for installation. This can be
retrofitted to most tunnel jumbos.

ISCHEBECK can provide:

• External flushing heads
(converted from air/water flushing
to cement flushing, e.g. for Atlas-
Copco hammers)
• Drill connectors for the most
common rock drills (for air
flushing)

17
 Self-drilling special solutions
Hydrostatic pressure – ground freezing - high-pressure injection

Building tunnels means responding flexibly. The rock

formation through which a tunnel is driven is rare-
ly homogeneous, instead often poses unexpected
challenges. Therefore, our engineers have developed
engineering solutions that can be adapted to your
specific requirements.

Ground freezing*

We can supply the self-drilling TITAN 73/53

Geothermal Energy Pile for ground freezing. The drill
bit is sealed with a packer at the base of the hollow bar
system and the circuit for the refrigerant is provided via
coaxial pipework. The connection to the complete
cooling circuit is via the top of the borehole.
• Low-temperature steel down to -20°C, with
modification down to -140°C
• Brine as thermal transfer fluid (down to -32°C) in
Hydrostatic pressure closed system, or nitrogen (down to -140°C) in open
system
• High-pressure socket seals for max. 240 bar
The use of self-drilling systems in the presence of • Self-drilling construction of frozen columns, frozen
hydrostatic pressure calls for coupling sockets and umbrellas and frozen soil bodies
centralisers to be guided through the sealing system. • Dynamic grouting improves the degree of efficiency
The TITAN Preventer is therefore equipped with: (no voids)
• pressure chamber system • Soils or rocks are not loosened or relieved
• backflow valve • Good availability of standard materials
• control panel
• flanged pipe Typical applications:
• Shafts
• Tunnel boring machine (TBM) entrance areas
• Cut-off walls
• Sealing base of excavation
• Stabilising tunnel roof for hydroshield TBM below thin
overlying strata

Preventer can be retrofitted * currently undergoing development

(trial model)

18
 TITAN HPI

450
300 600

150 750
Bar
0 1000

max. 240 bar

TITAN self-drilling
umbrella

High-pressure injection (HPI)

High-pressure coupling
nut for TITAN system
Self-drilling TITAN injection anchors, fitted with high- with seals for max. 240 bar
pressure coupling nuts (with seals for max. 240 bar),
can be used to reach and grout fault zones or for TITAN
high-pressure injection columns with pressures of up to
240 bar in unconsolidated rock or soft soils.
• Easy to use above and below ground
• Not tied to grouting valves at fixed depths
• Grouting pressure and flow rates can be individually Grouting pressures
adjusted to suit depth reach of up to 240 bar possible
• Success of injection can be checked with GIN value
(Grouting Intensity Number = pressure x volume)
• Documentation by way of flow rate/pressure logger for
every depth reached consecutively and in stages
• Return flow permits conclusions regarding presence of
water and clefts
• Can be grouted with all conventional injection pro-
ducts, e.g. DORODUR 135 special hydraulic binder for
injections TITAN High-pressure
• No problems with packers injection
• No need to extract casings Grout body injected into
300 loose sand
TITAN self-drilling umbrella mm
A group of individual TITAN injection spiles forming a
fan-type umbrella by way of specific injections in order
to stabilise fault zones in rock formations prior to further
driving.

TITAN High-pressure
injection HPI-clay bit
with carbide nozzle

Soil mixes with injected

grout

19
 Squeezing rock masses
Load stage indicator – TITAN Convergence Controlled Rock Bolt

Safety in tunnelling is priority. So it’s important to

detect dangers as early as possible with simple
indicators.
Active rock pressure endangers crews and progress.
The load stage indicator and the TITAN convergence
anchors help, not only to measure the active rock
pressure, but also to absorb it. This gives the
opportunity to take other security measures.

After
installation

After
convergence

Detect load increases with load stage indicator Absorb load increases with TITAN CCRB
The load stage indicator (LSI) is used to identify load (TITAN Convergence Controlled Rock Bolt)
increases at an early stage. It shows load increases by If severe deformations in squeezing rock masses are
deforming in three stages giving enough time to install expected during the planned design life of a rock bolt,
additional anchors as required. then TITAN rock bolting with constant resistance adapts
• Load stages: flexibly to the deformations.
70 kN – 160 kN – 180 kN (TITAN 30/11) • Sliding load adjustable between 50 kN and 250 kN
200 kN – 300 kN – 400 kN (TITAN 40/16) • Max. load indicator of sliding nut = 450 kN
70 kN – 150 kN – 180 kN (R32) • Max. sliding distance travel = 400 mm
• Up to 30 mm deformation
• German Mining Inspectorate (LOBA)
approval 8.24.6-28-4
• Can be checked visually at any time
• No risks due to burst nuts End plate

Sliding

Load stage indicator

Easy to use without
geodetic surveys

20
IQ-Quickset Roofbolt®
2-components-resin anchor

TITAN 30/11 with integral static mixer.

The integral static mixer first mixes the two com-
ponents A and B inside the hollow steel
tendon. This avoids clogging in the flushing head
for the two-component resin. Inserting anchor,
grouting with two-component resin and
attaching the end plate and the spherical
collar nut can be mechanised as one operation.
The two-component resin cures rapidly within
minutes. It can be used anywhere in mining where
extremely rapid mechanised stabilisation methods
are necessary.

The IQ-Quickset Roofbolt® is a self-drilling anchor

that is drilled and grouted with a two-components resin
in one operation. It is used for immediate stabilisation of
tunnel roofs and shafts in ore and coal mining and for
TBM driving. The rapid-curing/hardening silicate resin fills
and seals the annular gap and all other clefts and voids.
Curing takes place immediately and the anchor can be
loaded after a very short time.

• It is ideal where boreholes collapse and repre-

sents an alternative to adhesive cartridges
and friction stabilisers
• Working from a secure area improves safety Internal static mixer
and efficiency ensures thorough mixing
• Self-drilling anchor easily lengthened by of 2-components resin.
coupling nuts
• Semi-automatic or step-by-step installation
are both possible
• Extremely fast and safe

21
 System components
Drill bits – centralisers – coupling nuts – spherical collar nuts – washer plates

Drill bits
can be supplied for the most diverse geology conditions.
Adaptors are available so that drill bits can be used with
different hollow steel tendons to adjust the hole diameter.
A selection from our wide range:

Cross Cut Drill Bit

Dense sand and gravel
with obstructions > 50 S.P.T.1) Head plates Washer plates
can be supplied for the can be supplied
TITAN system according in different sizes
to DIBt approval • Designed for punching
Button Drill Bit Z-34.14-209. in soft materials,
Weathered rock2), phyllite, slate, • Designed for deflection e.g. shotcrete
mudstone; strength < 70 MPa in stiff components • Strong 3D plate
• Chamfer at both sides form for stability
centres the spherical and secure seating
collar nut of spherical collar nut
Carbide-Y-Cross Cut Drill Bit • The shape of the
Dolomite, granite, sandstone; plate is crucial for its
strength 70–150 MPa deflection, not just its
thickness.
• Test load 150 kN (for
200 × 200 × 8 mm,
Carbide Button Drill Bit according to test certi-
Concrete or rock2); ficate No. 11 0633 6 97
strength > 70 MPa MPA NRW)

Carbide Cross Cut 3-step Drill Bit

For drilled holes with a stable direction
and for faults in the ground Centralisers
• For centring the TITAN
- All drill bits include venturi flushing outlets hollow steel tendon
- Illustrations of drill bits are typical only; forms and co- within the grout body
lours may differ from those shown here. • For coverage with
cement grout all sides
1)
standard penetration test = permanent corrosion
2)
The compressive strength of a rock mass lies well below that protection
of the rock material itself because of the faults that are present in
almost every situation. The thumb rule is: the compressive strength Spherical collar nuts
of a rock mass can be assumed to be 10–20% of that of the rock • for angle compensa-
material itself. (source: Prof. Dr. Ourosch Thuro, Chair of tion up to 5 ° together
Engineering Geology, TU München) with washer plates

Expansion shell for

Coupling nuts TITAN 30
• with central stop • according to DIN 21521
• for TITAN system with • borehole - Ø 46 - 56 mm
steel ring for improved im- • load bearing capacity
pact energy transfer and Fk = 150 kN
sealing up to 240 bar • contact area 60 cm²
• suitable for injection
• can be loaded immediately

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Technical data

TITAN system

Designation Unit TITAN TITAN TITAN TITAN TITAN TITAN TITAN TITAN TITAN TITAN TITAN TITAN TITAN
30/16 30/11 40/20 40/16 52/26 73/56 73/53 73/45 73/35 103/78 103/51 103/43 127/103

Nominal diameter
mm 30 30 40 40 52 73 73 73 73 103 103 103 127
Dsteel, outside

Nominal diameter
mm 16 11 20 16 26 56 53 45 35 78 51 43 103
Dsteel, inside

Effective
mm² 340 415 730 900 1250 1360 1615 2239 2714 3140 5680 6024 3475
cross-section Aeff

Ultimate load Fu kN 245 320 540 660 925 1035 1160 1575 1865 2270 3660 4155 23204)

Characteristic
load-carrying capa- kN 1552) 225 372 490 650 6952) 900 1218 1386 1626 2500 30152) 18002)
city RK (250)3)
to German approval 1)

Force at 0.2%
elongation F0.2,k kN 190 260 425 525 730 830 970 1270 1430 1800 2670 3398 2030
(mean value)

Weight kg/m 2.7 3.29 5.8 7.17 9.87 10.75 13.75 17.8 21.0 25.3 44.6 47.3 28.9

Left-/right- left
- left left left left right right right right right right right right
hand thread right

1)
In the case of permanent tension loads and a cement grout cover c < 45 mm, the load-carrying capacity must be reduced according to approval
Z-34.14-209.
2)
An approval for these sizes is not yet available. For TITAN 30/16, 73/56, 103/43 and 127/103, the values were interpolated in a similar way to the approval.
3)
A characteristic load-carrying capacity of 250 kN may be assumed for TITAN 30/11 for temporary applications (≤ 2 years).
4)
Only applies to hollow steel tendon without coupling socket. The ultimate load for coupled hollow steel tendons is 2048 kN.

Many detailed solutions for the engineering practice

For example, bayonet coupling for the final section of a TITAN

composite pile roof. The final segment of the hollow steel tendon
can be disconnected after drilling and extracted so that the
hollow steel tendons do not get in the way in the event of
overbreak.

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 © ISCHEBECK 2018
TITAN composite pile roof
around tunnel entrance
Los Domínicos station, line 1, metro
tunnel, Santiago, Chile
Stabilising the portal cuts with

Errors and omissions excepted!

TITAN 40/20 hollow steel tendons
to form a TITAN composite pile
roof:
• 21 spiles 15 m long at a spacing
of 300 mm per portal
• To ensure accurate drilling, the
holes were drilled with a 750 mm
long steel lead collar behind the
Carbide Cross Cut 3-step
Drill Bit.

DRILL-DRAIN®
Underground railway tunnel
refurbishment in Rome with
DRILL-DRAIN® and Preventer
Specific lowering of the ground-
water table around the tunnel for
eliminating leaks in the tunnel shell.
• 1 pc. of DRILL-DRAIN® on each
side left and right in tunnel cross-
section, 6 m long, 0.5 m above
track level
• Spacing in longitudinal direction
of tunnel = 6.0 m

The photos reproduced in this brochure represent momentary snapshots of work on building sites. It is therefore possible that certain facts and
circumstances do not fully correspond to the technical (safety) requirements.

Formwork and supporting systems Trench lining systems Geotechnical solutions

Certified Management-System to DIN EN ISO 9001:2015 Zertifiziertes Management-System nach DIN EN ISO 9001 / 2000
Registriernummer DE-96-010

Zertifiziertes Management-System nach DIN EN ISO 9001 / 2000

481.10.01.11.1/1612/1

Registriernummer DE-96-010

FRIEDR. ISCHEBECK GMBH

Managing Directors: Dipl.-Wi.-Ing. Björn Ischebeck, Dr. jur. Lars Ischebeck
Loher Str. 31-79 | 58256 Ennepetal | Germany | Phone +49 (2333) 8305-0 | Fax +49 (2333) 8305-55
export@ischebeck.de | www.ischebeck.de

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