Name: Fernandez, Joyce Ann R.

Grade/Sec: 11- STEM Olympia

School: Maria Clara L. Lobregat NHS Adviser: Leslie Labad – Lubaton
WHAT I KNOW
TRUE or FALSE
Directions: Read each item comprehensively and determine if it is true or false. Write the word
TRUE if the statement is true, and write FALSE if the idea is wrong.
What I Need to Know
TRUE 1. An argument synthesis presents your point of view regarding a certain topic.
FALSE 2. The body part of the synthesis contains the outline of the things to expect from the entire paper of the
literature review.
TRUE 3. The introductory part of the RRL states the flow of presentation of your review of the literature.
TRUE 4. In synthesizing literature, we make an evaluation, comparison, and contrast and inference.
TRUE 5. A thesis statement is a brief statement containing the central argument of the entire paper.
TRUE 6. Using transitional words to connect ideas will make your literature review more meaningful and easy
to comprehend.
FALSE 7. Transitional words are used in writing a literature review to make the sentences pleasing.
TRUE 8. A coherent literature review can only be achieved when ideas and information gathered are well-
connected, and the flow of thought is very clear.
FALSE 9. Variables, synthesis, and relationships of variables involved are the things found in the introduction
part of the RRL.
FALSE 10. A good conclusion must have a description of what the chapter is all about
LESSON 1: Synthesizing Information from Relevant Literature
WHAT’S IN
Directions: Put a checkmark at the appropriate column that corresponds to your response.
In selecting relevant literature, choose YES NO
1. Readings that present research findings with connections to your research topic. 
2. Recent literatures from old ones. 
3. First literatures of the experts in the field closely related to your research topic. 
4. Literatures that contain primary data than the secondary data. 
5. Literatures that had undergone peer-reviewed. 
WHAT’S NEW
Directions: Write at least four words that are directly related to the word "synthesis."
Collection Integration
SYNTHESIS
Fusion Organization

LESSON 2: Writing Coherent Review of Literature

WHAT’S IN
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
Directions: Read each item and examine it carefully. Write TRUE if the statement is correct, but if it is false,
change/modify the underlined word or group of words to make the whole statement true.
comparing and contrasting 1. Making synthesis is merely summarizing.
TRUE 2. A synthesis is composed of three major parts, the introduction, the body and the
conclusion.
TRUE
3. An argument synthesis is objective in nature.
TRUE 4. Follow your essay map in writing the body paragraph.
Valid and true information 5. Explanatory synthesis must contain your own point of view regarding the topic.
WHAT’S NEW
RANKING TASK
Directions: Evaluate the following steps/process and rank them according to what must come first. Use 1 to rank the
first step and seven the last.
7 a. Synthesis
4 b. Brief description of variable 2
1 c. Introductory part
3 d. Presentation of literatures related to variable 1
2 e. Brief description of variable 1
5 f. Presentation of literatures related to variable 2
6 g. Presentation of literatures relating variable 1 to variable 2
WHAT’S MORE
GUIDED ACTIVITY 1. MAKING SYNTHESIS MATRIX
Directions: Use the following abstracts of the given articles to make a synthesis matrix.
Sources
(Academic Performance)
Source #1 Source #2 Source #3 Source #4
(Poropat, 2009) (Multon, Brown & (Chamorro-
Lent, 1991) Premuzic & Furnham)
Main Idea A Academic performance Results revealed Academic performance
was found to correlate positive and (AP) correlated with
significantly with statistically ability,
Agreeableness, significant relationships achieving and deep
Conscientiousness, and between self-efficacy learning
Openness. Where beliefs approaches, Openness
tested, and academic and
correlations between performance Conscientiousness.
Conscientiousness and and persistence
academic performance outcomes
were across a wide variety of
largely independent of subjects, experimental
intelligence. designs, and
assessment
methods.
Main Idea B Academic level Reports on meta- Path
(primary, analyses of the analyses indicated that
secondary, or tertiary), relations of the
average effects of ability on AP
age of participant, and self-efficacy beliefs to were
the academic performance mediated by
interaction between and personality and
academic persistence. learning approaches.
level and age
significantly
moderated correlations
with
academic performance.

Now, it's your turn to try!

ASSESSMENT 1: MAKING YOUR OWN SYNTHESIS MATRIX
Directions: Search at least three articles about early teenage pregnancy (get the articles' abstracts) and
make your synthesis matrix. In societies where girls in their Adolescent pregnancies are a
Teenage pregnancies and teenage early teens are given by their global problem occurring in
motherhood are a cause for concern parents to be married to older men,
high-, middle-, and low-income
worldwide. From a historical point teen pregnancy is not considered a
countries. Around the world,
of view, teenage pregnancies are problem. However, often, these
girls have too-early pregnancies however, adolescent pregnancies
nothing new. For much of human
history, it was absolutely common that result in severe damage to are more likely to occur in
that girls married during their late sexual and internal organs. The marginalized communities,
adolescence and experienced first problem of teen pregnancy is also commonly driven by poverty
birth during their second
ARTICLE 1 decade of not as troubling in
ARTICLE 2 Nordic countries and lack of education3 and
ARTICLE
life. This kind of reproductive or in the Netherlands where a employment opportunities.
(Kirchengast, 2016) (Honig, 2012) (UNICEF, 2013)
behavior was socially desired and strong healthcare system guarantees
considered as normal. confidentiality, a non-judgemental
approach, and support. 
GUIDED ACTIVITY 2: WRITING A COHERENT LITERATURE
Directions: Indicate what should be written in the given spaces for the paragraph below:
Sources
(Early teenage Pregnancy)
Source #1 Source #2 Source #3 Source #4
(Kirchengast, 2016) (Honig, 2012) (UNICEF, 2013)
Main Idea A From a historical point In societies where girls Adolescent
of view, teenage in their early teens are pregnancies are a
pregnancies are nothing given by their parents global problem
new. For much of to be married to older occurring in high-,
human history, it was men, teen pregnancy is
middle-, and low-
absolutely common not considered a
that girls married problem.
income countries
during their late
adolescence and
experienced first birth
during their second
decade of life.
Main Idea B This kind of However, often, these Around the world,
reproductive behavior girls have too-early however, adolescent
was socially desired pregnancies that result pregnancies are more
and considered as in severe damage to likely to occur in
normal. sexual and internal
marginalized
organs.
communities,
commonly driven by
poverty and lack of
education and
employment
opportunities.
Now, it's your turn to try!
ASSESSMENT 2: MAKING YOUR OWN COHERENT RRL
Directions: Use the three articles about early teenage pregnancy to make a sample coherent
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
PARAGRAPH 1: However, pregnancies in early adolescence (girls under the age of 15) have always been uncommon.
This was mostly owing to the biological fact that menarche and reproductive maturity occurred significantly later in
history than they do now. Furthermore, until the second part of the twentieth century, girls' and young women's sexual
behavior was primarily associated with marriage (Bellis MA, Downing J, Ashton JR. Adult at 12) “Trends in puberty
and their public health consequences. J Epidemiol Comm Health 2006; 60: 910–911."
PARAGRAPH 2: Every year, an estimated 21 million females between the ages of 15 and 19 become pregnant in underdeveloped
countries, with roughly 12 million giving birth. 3.9 million of the 5.6 million abortions performed annually on adolescent females
aged 15–19 years are unsafe, contributing to maternal death, morbidity, and long-term health issues. Pregnancy and delivery
complications are the greatest cause of death for 15–19-year-old girls worldwide “Costs and benefits of meeting the contraceptive
needs of adolescents.” (New York: Guttmacher Institute; 2016).
PARAGRAPH 3: Teen fatherhood is a topic that is rarely discussed. Many adolescent fathers leave their teen mothers. Many
children experience an aching gap in their life as a result of this, as they want for a loving presence from their father (Honig, 2010).
PARAGRAPH 4: Teenagers who maintain open lines of contact with their parents are more likely to postpone sexual activity, use
birth control, and have fewer sexual partners (National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy, 2003).
PARAGRAPH 5:  Many ladies opt to become pregnant since their educational and employment opportunities are limited.
Motherhood is frequently revered in such civilizations, and marriage or union, as well as children, may be the finest of the few
options available “Estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division.”
(Geneva: WHO; 2015)
PARAGRAPH 6: Although initiatives are underway in certain places to enable adolescent females to return to school following
childbirth, this may damage girls' future education and career chances “WHO. Global standards for quality health care services for
adolescents.” (Geneva: WHO; 2015.)
PARAGRAPH 7: Adolescent moms (ages 10–19 years) are more likely than women in their 20s and 30s to get eclampsia,
puerperal endometritis, and systemic infections, and their kids are more likely to have low birth weight, premature delivery, and
serious neonatal disorders “WHO. Global health estimates 2015: deaths by cause, age, sex, by country and by region, 2000–2015.”
(Geneva: WHO; 2016.)

WHAT I CAN DO
Directions: Following the guide in making a synthesis and coherent literature review, write your Review of
Related Literature. Select at least five literature on your topic of interest.
Many ladies choose to become pregnant since their educational and employment opportunities are limited.
Motherhood is frequently revered in such civilizations, and marriage or union, as well as children, may be the finest
of the few options available “Estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations
Population Division.” (Geneva: WHO; 2015), and also every year, an estimated 21 million females between the ages
of 15 and 19 become pregnant in underdeveloped countries, with roughly 12 million giving birth. 3.9 million of the
5.6 million abortions performed annually on adolescent females aged 15–19 years are unsafe, contributing to
maternal death, morbidity, and long-term health issues. Pregnancy and delivery complications are the greatest cause
of death for 15–19-year-old girls worldwide (New York: Guttmacher Institute; 2016).

According to Honig (2010), teen fatherhood is a topic that is rarely discussed, while (New York:
Guttmacher Institute; 2016) states that every year, an estimated 21 million females between the ages of 15 and 19
become pregnant in underdeveloped countries. Honig and Guttmacher Institute both emphasizes that this cases does
not pick gender. Many children experience an aching gap in their life as a result of this, as they want for a loving
presence from their father. Correspondingly, (National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy, 2003) also stated
teenagers who maintain open lines of contact with their parents are more likely to postpone sexual activity, use birth
control, and have fewer sexual partners. Although initiatives are underway in certain places to enable adolescent
females to return to school following childbirth, this may damage girls' future education and career chances “WHO.
Global standards for quality health care services for adolescents.” (Geneva: WHO; 2015.)

The authors wants to emphasize that teenage pregnancy can happen in both young boys and girls but, they
also want to inform the risk this young generations may face.

ASSESSMENT
1. A 6. A
2. A 7. A
3. A 8. A
4. A 9. A
5. A 10. A