Theory of 

Special Creation
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According to this theory, all the different forms of life that occur today on planet earth, have
been created by God, the almighty. Adam and Eve were, according to the Book of Genesis,
Bible and Quran the first man and woman created by the God. Life on earth began from them
according to Christians, Muslims and Jews. The 3 religions have a common agreement on the
fact God created the universe in seven days, reserving for his sixth-day labor the climax of
creation: man and woman. On the seventh day God rests and so establishes the holiness of the
Sabbath. God fashioned a man fom the dust and blows the breath of life into his nostrils, then
planted a garden (the Garden of Eden) and caused to grow in the middle of the garden the Tree
of Knowledge of Good and Evil and the Tree of Life. God set the man in the garden “to work it
and watch over it,” permitting him to eat from all the trees in the garden except the Tree of
Knowledge, “for on the day you eat of it you shall surely die.” God brought the animals to the
man for him to name. None of them were found to be a suitable companion for the man, so God
caused the man to sleep and created a woman from a part of his body (Tradition describes the
part as a rib). The Quran says that Adam initiated the fruit eating and that both Adam and Eve
(Hawa) ate the forbidden fruit, for which God later forgave them, and then sent both of them
down to earth as his representatives. The Hadith (the prophetic narrations) and literature shed
light on the Muslim view of the first couple. The concept of original sin does not exist in Islam, as
Adam and Eve were forgiven after they repented on Earth, according to the Quran. One of the
differences between the Qur’an and the book of Genesis is that it does not recount the Genesis
narrative in which Eve leads Adam to transgress God’s laws; they are simply both held
responsible and thus sent to earth.

Cosmozoic or Interplanetary Theory

This theory was put forward by Richter (1865) and supported by Arrhenius (1908) andothers. It
stated that life had reached the earth from some other heavenly body in the form ofresistant
spores of simple organisms in meteorites 2or in spaceships. Finding fertile soil here,they grew
and then evolved into the various existing forms. The theory is also called theoryof panspermia
or spore theory.
• Evidence Against Spore Theory. As far as we know for sure today, life doe
s not exist onany planet, except the earth. Moreover, living matter cannot survive the extreme
cold anddryness and. intense irradiation of interplanetary space required-" to be crossed for
reachingthe earth. Further, this'' theory does not explain how life originated, nor 1
from where thespores came to the earth. It shifts the question of how life originated to a distant
area,-beyondour reach to study. .
 Evidence For Spore Theory. Evidence for the existence of life on other planets came fromthe
discovery of fossils of microorgar'smr, somewhat like algae, in meteorites in 1961.However,
there is no proof that living organisms or spores could survive journey throughspace and then
flourish upon arrival. Moreover, the discovery does not give any clue to theorigin of life.Space
research has shown that the bacteria can survive the rigors of space travel and theairless,
waterless environment of the moon. This finding, no doubt, removes one of thehurdles in the
theory, but it throws no light on the origin of life.
These theories also assume that life came by the spores or other particles from other planets on
theearth. Richter (1865) supposed that during the origin of earth various celestial bodies
and small particles becamedislodged and propelled into space. These particles might have carried
viable germs (spores), which uponreaching suitable planets (having conditions favourable for
life) could develop and initiate a panoply of livingorganisms. (11)
 
Helmholtz (1864) propounded the meteorite idea, according to which live germs were brought to
theearth by meteorites falling from other planets. He based this possibility upon the fact that
meteorites, on passing
through the Earth’s atmosphere, are heated only on the surface while the interior rema
ins cool. (12)
 
Arrhenius revived the theory of cosmozoa and considered the panspermia as mainly responsible
fortransfer of germs from other planets to earth. (13) These theories of inter-planetary exchange
of viable spores became remote and obsolete in the light of modern researches.

Spontaneous Generation
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Until the early 19th century, people generally believed in the ongoing
spontaneous generation of certain forms of life from non-living matter.
This was paired with the belief in heterogenesis, e.g. that one form of life
derived from a different form (e.g. bees from flowers). Classical notions of
spontaneous generation, held that certain complex, living organisms are
generated by decaying organic substances. According to Aristotle it was a
readily observable truth that aphids arise from the dew which falls on
plants, flies from putrid matter, mice from dirty hay, crocodiles from
rotting logs at the bottom of bodies of water, and so on. Spontaneous
generation or Equivocal generation is considered obsolete by many,
regarding the origin of life from inanimate matter, which held that this
process was a commonplace and everyday occurrence, as distinguished
from univocal generation, or reproduction from parent(s). The theory was
synthesized by Aristotle, who compiled and expanded the work of prior
natural philosophers and the various ancient explanations of the
appearance of organisms; it held sway for two millennia. It is generally
accepted to have been ultimately disproven in the 19th Century by the
experiments of Louis Pasteur. The disproof of ongoing spontaneous
generation is no longer controversial, now that the life cycles of various life
forms have been well documented. However, the question of biopoesis or
abiogenesis, how living things originally arose from non-living material,
remains relevant today
 What is the divine creation theory?

A:

QUICK ANSWER

The divine creation theory, or Creationism, is the belief that a divine being is responsible

for the creation of life from nothing. There are several religions that are generally

considered Creationist, but many modern believers of divine creation believe that

science and faith can walk hand in hand. This theory can be narrowed down further

between those who differ on their opinion of the role of the creator past the initial

creation of life.

FULL ANSWER

The standard divine creation theory has several different views. There are those that

believe in religious texts, which depict the creation of the Earth as a literal event. Other

schools of thought among Creationists state that it was not a literal time period, but

more like stages that the divine went through to create the world. The Creationists who

follow this train of thought also feel that science is correct in its dating of the Earth and

the universe.

Many Creationists believe that while divine creation occurred evolution also was also a

part of the creation process. The different schools of thought inside the divine creation

theory all agree on the fact that a divine being created all life as an act of free will, but

past that the differences become numerous.

Origin of Life - Spontaneous Generation
For millennia, the Origin of Life was thought to be the result of Abiogenesis (also known
as "Spontaneous Generation"). The doctrine of Spontaneous Generation holds that
organic life could and does arise from inorganic matter. As late as the 17th century,
there were recipes to "create" life. Take sweaty rags, wrap them around wheat, and set
them in an open jar. In 21 days, you'll "create" mice. For rats, just throw garbage in the
street. In a few days, rats will take the place of the garbage. All over the world, in
Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas, mankind was formulating recipes for "creating"
bees, lice, scorpions, maggots, worms, frogs, etc. In 1668, Francesco Redi publicly
opposed the idea of Spontaneous Generation. While it was generally accepted that
rotting meat generated maggots, Redi disagreed. He maintained that maggots hatched
from eggs laid by flies. To test his hypothesis, Redi performed one of the first known
experiments to utilize a "control group." Thus began both the death of Spontaneous
Generation and the birth of the modern era of scientific development. Redi placed meat
in three flasks -- one open, one sealed and one covered with gauze. Maggots appeared
in the open flask, as the flies were able to reach the meat. Maggots did not appear in
the sealed flask or the flask covered by gauze. At the time, this experiment was not
thought to disprove Spontaneous Generation. It merely proved that maggots did not
come from meat.

Cosmozoic or Interplanetary Theory

This theory was put forward by Richter (1865) and supported by Arrhenius (1908) andothers. It
stated that life had reached the earth from some other heavenly body in the form ofresistant
spores of simple organisms in meteorites 2or in spaceships. Finding fertile soil here,they grew
and then evolved into the various existing forms. The theory is also called theoryof panspermia
or spore theory.
• Evidence Against Spore Theory. As far as we know for sure today, life doe
s not exist onany planet, except the earth. Moreover, living matter cannot survive the extreme
cold anddryness and. intense irradiation of interplanetary space required-" to be crossed for
reachingthe earth. Further, this'' theory does not explain how life originated, nor 1
from where thespores came to the earth. It shifts the question of how life originated to a distant
area,-beyondour reach to study. .
 Evidence For Spore Theory. Evidence for the existence of life on other planets came fromthe
discovery of fossils of microorgar'smr, somewhat like algae, in meteorites in 1961.However,
there is no proof that living organisms or spores could survive journey throughspace and then
flourish upon arrival. Moreover, the discovery does not give any clue to theorigin of life.Space
research has shown that the bacteria can survive the rigors of space travel and theairless,
waterless environment of the moon. This finding, no doubt, removes one of thehurdles in the
theory, but it throws no light on the origin of life.
These theories also assume that life came by the spores or other particles from other planets on
theearth. Richter (1865) supposed that during the origin of earth various celestial bodies
and small particles becamedislodged and propelled into space. These particles might have carried
viable germs (spores), which uponreaching suitable planets (having conditions favourable for
life) could develop and initiate a panoply of livingorganisms. (11)
 
Helmholtz (1864) propounded the meteorite idea, according to which live germs were brought to
theearth by meteorites falling from other planets. He based this possibility upon the fact that
meteorites, on passing
through the Earth’s atmosphere, are heated only on the surface while the interior rema
ins cool. (12)
 
Arrhenius revived the theory of cosmozoa and considered the panspermia as mainly responsible
fortransfer of germs from other planets to earth. (13) These theories of inter-planetary exchange
of viable spores became remote and obsolete in the light of modern researches.