VOLLEYBALL

Republic of the Philippines

NORTHERN ILOILO POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE
CONCEPCION CAMPUS
Concepcion, Iloilo

P.E. 4 Team sports MYLYN O. FERNANDEZ

BEED 2, BSED FILIPINO 2 Instructor II
BSED MATH 2
2nd Semester AY 2020-2021

Module 8
Volleyball

Introduction

Volleyball is one of the most popular, competitive and recreational sports in the world. It is a
fast, it is exciting and the action is explosive (FIVB, 2013).

It has become a widespread team sport in United States of America and throughout the world.
The game is open for young, adult and even the senior rank. It is played by six players as the official
game, two players as beach volleyball and sometimes even more for recreational activities.

The basic objective of the sport is to volley the ball over the net. It is a game of skill, endurance
and strategy. This game can play by any level (beginners and elite). It is entertaining and enjoyable.

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of the lesson the students should have:

1. Identified the rules, history, equipment, etiquette, and terminologies relative to the game of
volleyball
2. Applied the basic rules, position, and knowledge of volleyball.
3. Developed and demonstrated correct technique of skills such as passing, setting, blocking,
and spiking along with offensive and defensive strategies.
4. Developed awareness of potential benefits derived from participating volleyball games.
5. Participated actively in the scrimmage as a player, official and/or coach.
Learning Content

BRIEF HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF VOLLEYBALL

In 1895 Prof. William G. Morgan, a graduate of the Springfield College of the Young Men’s
Christian Association (YMCA) developed the game of volleyball, initially called “mintonette” after the
invention of basketball in 1891. He designed the game to be a combination of basketball, baseball,
softball, and tennis.

Before the development of volleyball, basketball game became popular recreation for men.
Unfortunately some people particularly older businessman rejected the basketball because of body
contact and the roughness of game. He comes up with the idea of hitting basketball back and forth by
hand. He also considered the game tennis, but rejected the idea because of the sport required balls,
racquets, and nets which were too expensive. However the concept of a net was a good idea to
divide the players. He put a net which is six feet and six inches in height between two groups of
participants. Then he developed some rules and a mintonette was developed.

In 1896, Alfred Halstead, who is also a faculty member changed the name mintonette to
“volleyball”, after the game demonstration of Morgan.

The rules may vary and change. Some rules were similar and others were different. For
example, in the original game rules, any number of players could play regardless of gender and
status. The players were not allowed to touch the net. Other rules such as players did not rotate and
the court size was not standardized and even the height of the net.

In 1912, the new version of the rules started. The court, height of the net and the ball were
standardized, and the rule requiring the players to rotate clockwise before a serve was established. In
1916, the YMCA and the NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) published the rules and
made added changes such as the height of the net became eight feet, the game score set at 15, and
the winner of the match which the team that won two out of three games.

The popularity of sport is rapidly rising as a recreational and professional sport; participant and
as a spectator sport.

PERIODICAL EVENTS OF VOLLEYBALL

In 1910, the game was introduced in the Philippines by Elwood Brown.

In 1913, Volleyball was played in Far Eastern Championship Games (Manila).

In 1916, “attack” which is an offensive skill of hitting the ball in a high trajectory was introduced
in the Philippines.

In 1917, the scoring system was changed from 21 to 15 points (side-out).

In 1920, three hits per side were allowed and back row attack rules were instituted.
In 1922, the first YMCA national championships were held in Brooklyn, NY. Twenty seven
teams from 11 states were represented.

In 1930, the beach volleyball game was introduced consisting of two men a side.

In 1947, Federation Internationale De Volley-Ball (FIVB), the international governing body of

volleyball was founded.

In 1964, volleyball was introduced to the Olympic Games in Tokyo as a medal sport.

In 1974, the World Championships was held in Mexico.

In 1986, Women’s Professional Volleyball Association (WPVA) was formed.

In 1995, marked the 100 years of the volleyball sport.

In 1996, two-person beach volleyball became an Olympic Sport.

FACILITIES, SUPPLIES, AND EQUIPMENT

VOLLEYBALL COURT

THE NET AND COURT

The volleyball court measures 18x9 meters

Free zone that is 3 meters wide on all sides
Height of Net for women: 2.24 meters
Height of Net for men: 2.43 meters

LINES AND ZONES

Side line 18 meters

End line or Service Line 9 meters
Attack line 9 meters
Center line 9 meters
Back Zone or Back Row Area 6 meters
Front Zone or front Row Area 3 meters

THE POSTS AND CABLE

Posts distance 0.5 to 1.0 meter outside the sidelines and 2. 55 meters high.

THE ANTENNAE AND SIDE BANDS

Antennas are 1.8 meters long made of fiberglass

THE REFEREE’S STAND

It allows the referee to stand about four feet above floor level. From this point, the umpire or
the official can see clearly the rally of the play, the action of the game and the illegal movements’
committed by a player or a team.

THE BALL

The ball is made of leather or synthetic leather, spherical and have a circumference of 65-67
cm, a weight of 260-280 g and an inside pressure of 0.30-0.325 kg/cm2.
HOW TO PLAY

A team is made up of 12 players (6 starting players), 1 coach, and 1 assistant coach.

The game is a rally point system, there will be a score once they committed error or fault
regardless if the team is serving or receiving team. For every set, there will be a twenty five (25)
points.

A match is won when a team has won three sets out of five or, in a “short match”, when a team
has won two sets out of three.

Tossing the coin or “toss coin” is done by the team captains before the start of the first game
and another toss coin for the deciding set if needed. The winning team captain can choose service or
preferred side of court.

Positions and zones are important. The players in the front zones are called the right front
(zone 2), center front (zone 3), and left front (zone 4). The three back row players are the left back
(zone 5), the center back (zone 6), and the server or right back 9zone 1). Players rotate clockwise.

Each team is allowed to have two time outs per set. Time outs are 30 seconds long.

For substitutions, a starting player can be replaced only one time per set. The substitute player
cannot return to the game once he or she is replaced by the original player. Substitution made six
times per set (international rules).

In the first contact, there will be no double violation; the player may hit the ball with any part of
the body.

Only three touches or contacts are allowed per side of the net. A fourth contact would be a
violation. For a common scenario pass set, and attack would be the three normal contacts that a
team would make. The ball can be hit over the net with one and two contacts are also allowed. A
block is not counted as one of the three contacts.
TERMINOLOGIES

Ace – a successful in-bound legal serve, resulting in a point for the serving team.

Antennae – the vertical red and white flexible rods along the outside edge of the net; they
extend 32 inches above the net and indicate out of bounds along the sideline.

Assist – a ball pass or a set to a teammate, who attacks or hit the ball to the opposite court.

Attack – the offensive action of hitting the ball; the attempt by one team to terminate the play
by hitting the ball to the opposite court.

Attack line – a three meter line parallel to the net; the attack line separates the front-row
players from the back-row players.

Attacker – also known as the “hitter” or “spiker”; a player who attempts to hit the ball
offensively with the purpose of terminating the play in his or her team’s favour.

Back-row attack – an attack in which a back-row player jumps from behind the nine meter
line.

Ready position – the flexed yet comfortable posture a player assumes before moving to the
point of contact.

Rotation – the clockwise movement of players around the court and through the serving
position.

Serve – the act of putting the ball in play.

Set – the tactical skill in which a ball is directed to a point where a player can attack or hit into
the opponent’s court.

Setter – the player who makes the set to the attackers.

Side-out – occurs when the receiving team successfully puts the ball away against the serving
team, or when the serving team commits an unforced error; the receiving team thus
gains the right to serve.

Spike – also “hit” or “attack”; a ball contacted with force by a player on the offensive team with
the intent to terminate the ball on the opponent’s floor or off the opponent’s blocker.

Target area – the area toward which the pass is directed; the setter is released into this area
to prepare to set.
 Transition – the term for changing from offense to defense or defense to offense.

Underhand pass – same as a bump or dig pass.

Volley – an overhand pass or set of the ball.

Zones – a numbering system that designates the placement of a player or the target area of
the ball.

PLAYER SPECIALIZATION

Right positioning of player in a volleyball game is important. Knowing of their roles makes the
team different. Each position plays a specific key role in winning a match. There are 5 positions in a
volleyball game. Setter, Outside Hitter/ Left Side Hitter; Middle Hitter, Opposite Hitter/Right Side Hitter
and Libero/Defensive Specialist.

1. Setters

It is called the heart of the team. Always in charge for the second touch. The main goal
is to set the ball in the air where the attackers may hit the ball into the opponent’s court.

2. Liberos

Also known as defensive specialists. Defensive players who are receiving the attack or
serve. Libero means “free” in Italian, they have the ability to substitute for any back row
player of the game. They are not allowed to play in the front zone. For us to know who
libero is, Libero’s wear a jersey different from their teammates.

3. Middle blockers or Middle hitters

The quicker of the team and can perform fast attacks. They are also specialized in
blocking to stop the fast play made by the opponent.

4. Outside hitters or Left side hitters

The consistent attacker of the team and gets the most of the rally. They attack near the
left antenna. The outside hitter may take a longer approach from court sideline.

5. Opposite hitters or Right side hitters

They are the blockers of the opposing team. They are also the backup setters. They
carry the defensive workload in the front area.
BASIC RULES

THE SERVE

1. Server must serve from behind the restraining line (end line) until after contact.
2. Ball may be served underhand or overhand.
3. Ball must be clearly visible to opponents before serve.
4. Served ball may graze the net and drop to the other side.
5. First game serve is determined by a coin toss. Game 2 will be served by the receiving team in
game 1. If game goes to a 3rd set, new coin toss will determine serving team.
6. If best of 5 game matches: set 2, 3, an 4 will trade off between teams. If teams go to set 5, serve
will go to winner of a new coin toss.
7. Serve must be returned by a pass or set only. Serve cannot be blocked or attacked

SCORING

1. Rally scoring- which means there will be a point awarded on every won rally.
2. Offense will score on a defensive miss, out of bounds hit, or blocker touches the top of the net.
3. Defense will score on an offensive miss, out of bounds hit, serve into the net or hitter touches top
of the net.
4. Game will be played to 25 pts. Set 5 is played to 15.
5. Must win by 2 points unless a point cap has been placed.

ROTATION

1. Team will rotate after each side out. A side out is when the team on serve receive wins the point to
earn the right to serve.
2. Players shall rotate in a clockwise manner.
3. There shall be 6 players on each side.

PLAYING THE GAME

1. Maximum of three hits per side.

2. Player may not hit the ball twice in succession (A block is not considered a hit).
3. Ball may be played off the net during a volley and on serve.
4. A ball touching any part of the boundary line is considered in.
5. A legal hit is contact with the ball by any part of the player’s body which does not allow the ball to
visibly come to a rest.
6. A player must not block or attack a serve.
BASIC VIOLATIONS

1. Stepping on or over the line on a serve.

2. Failure to serve the ball over the net successfully.
3. Hitting the ball illegally (Carrying, Palming, Throwing, etc.).
4. Touches of the top of the net only with any part of the body while the ball is in play. Players may
contact the net below the top of the net (the tape) at any time. If the ball is driven into the net with
such force that it causes the net to contact an opposing player, no foul will be called, and the ball
shall continue to be in play.
5. Reaching over the net, except under these conditions:
• 1 - When executing a follow-through.
• 2 - When blocking a ball which is in the opponent’s court but is being returned (the blocker
must not contact the ball until after the opponent who is attempting to return the ball
makes contact). Except to block the third play.
1. Reaches under the net (if it interferes with the ball or opposing player).
2. Failure to serve in the correct order.
3. Blocks or spikes from a position which is clearly not behind the attack line while in a
backrow position.
4. A player’s foot may not completely cross the midline at any time. However, if the rest of the body
crosses it is legal unless interferes with a player on the other side of the net.

SUBSTITUTIONS

1. Coaches only have 6 substitutions per set. The entrance of the libero is not counted as a
substitution.
2. Once a player subs in for a rotational position, they can only sub in for that rotational position.
ASSESSMENT

NORTHERN ILOILO POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE

CONCEPCION CAMPUS
Concepcion, Iloilo

Name:____________________________ Course & Year:__________ Score:________

Professor.____________________________ Module 8 Worksheet

I. TRUE OR FALSE. Write T if the statement is correct and F if the statement is wrong. Write your
answer on the space provided at the end of the number.

1. Volleyball is one of the most successful and popular competitive and recreational sports in the
world. It is fast, it is exciting and the action is explosive. The main objective of the sport is to volley the
ball. ____________

2. Dr. James Naismith is the founder of volleyball. ____________

3. In 1910, the game was introduced in the Philippines. ____________

4. Regular Volleyball team is made up of five players. ____________

5. Four time outs are allowed to each team per set. ____________

6. Volleyball is an international game requires great skill and complex strategy. ____________

7. In 2005, the sport of volleyball was 110 years old. ____________

8. The game is a slow scoring, this means that both teams can score at any time whether they are
serving or receiving team. ____________

9. Player rotates counterclockwise in volleyball game. ____________

10. The allowed number of contacts of the ball is five. ____________