Operations on Sets

Operas; Set

PAPER 1
1. The Venn diagram shows the universal set, 4. Given set P = {2, 4, 6, 8}, set Q = {8, 9, 10,
~ = P U Q U R. II} and set R = {9, 10, II} where the universal
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan set, ~ = P U Q U R. Which of the following
=
set semesta, ~ P U Q U R. Venn diagrams represents the relationship
between sets P, Q and R?
Diberi set P = {2, 4, 6, 8}, set Q = {8, 9, 10,
11} dan set R = {9, 10, 11} dengan set semesta,
~ = P U Q U R. Antara gambar rajah Venn
berikut, yang manakah mewakili hubungan
antara set P, Q dan R?
Which of the regions, A, B, C or D, represents
the set P n Q n R? A p Q R

Antara kawasan A, B, C dan D, yang manakah

mewakili set P n Q n R? (]])
B p Q R
2. It is given that set P = {4, 5, 6, 8} and set Q
= {2, 3, 5, 6, 9}. List all the elements of set P
n Q.
Diberi bahawa set P = {4, 5, 6, 8} dan set
GDO
Q = {2, 3, 5, 6, 9}. Senaraikan semua unsur
bagi set P n Q.
A {5,6}
CO(§)
B {4, 5, 6}
C {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
D {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9}

3. The Venn diagram shows the universal set, ~,

DC@)
set P and set Q.
5. The Venn diagram shows the universal set, ~,
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan
set #. and set N.
set semesta, ~, set P dan set Q.
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan
set setnesta. ~, set M dan set N.
~

State all the elements of set (P n Q)'. State the set represented by the shaded region
Nyatakan semua unsur bagi set (P n Q)'. in the Venn diagram.
A {9} Nyatakan set yang diwakili oleh kawasan
B {I, 6, 8} berlorek dalam gambar rajah Venn itu.
C {2,3,4} A MnN B M' nN
D {I, 6, 8, 9} C M n N' D M' n N'

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6. The Venn diagram shows the universal set, 10. Given the universal set, ; = {x : 5 :s; x :s; 15,
; =X u y u z. x is an integer}, set P = {x : x is a multiple
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan of 5} and set Q = {x : x is an even number},
set semesta, ; = X U Y U Z. list all the elements of set (P U Q)'.
=
Diberi set semesta, ; {x: 5 :s; x :s; 15, x ialah
=
integer}, set P {x: x ialah gandaan 5} dan
set Q = {x: x ialah nombor genap}, senaraikan
semua unsur bagi set (P U Q)'.
A {7,9, 11} B {7,9, 11, 13}
Which of the regions, A, B, C or D, represents C {9, 11, 13, IS} D {7,9, 11, 13, IS}
the set X n y' n Z'?
Antara kawasan A, B, C dan D, yang manakah 11. The Venn diagram shows the number of the
mewakili set X n y' n Z'? elements of set P, set Q and set R.
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan
7. Given the universal set, ; = {x : 9 :s; x :s; 20, bilangan unsur bagi set P, set Q dan set R.
x is an integer}, set P = {x : x is a perfect p
square} and set Q = {x : x is a factor of 36},
list all the elements of set P' n Q.
Diberi set semesta, ; = {x : 9 :s; x :s; 20, x
ialah integer}, set P = {x : x ialah kuasa dua
sempurna} dan set Q = {x : x ialah faktor bagi
36}, senaraikan semua unsur bagi set P' n Q.
A {12,18} B {9, 16, 18} =
It is given that the universal set, ~ P U Q U R
C {9, 12, 16, 18} D {9, 12, 16, 18, 20} =
and nCR') n(P n R). Find the value of x.
8. The Venn diagram shows sets P, Q and R Diberi bahawa set semesta, ; =
P U Q UR
where the universal set, ; = P U Q U R. dan nCR') = n(P n R). Cari nilai x.
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan A 3 B 4
set P, Q dan R dengan keadaan set semesta, C 7 D 8
; =P U Q U R.
12. The Venn diagram shows the universal set,
p Q R
1m ~ = {Form 3 pupils}, set M = {pupils who
like Mathematics} and set S = {pupils who
like Science}.
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan
State all the elements
of set Q U R. set semesta, ; = {murid Tingkatan 3},
Nyatakan semua unsur bagi set Q U R. set M = {murid yang minat Matematik} dan set
A {u} B Is, u} S = {murid yang minat Sains }.
C {s,t,v,W} D {s,t,u,v,w}

9. The Venn diagram shows the universal set, ;,

set P and set Q.
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan
set semesta, ;, set P dan set Q. Given n(M) =
120, n(S) =
85, n(M n S) 36 =
and the number of pupils who do not like the
two subjects is 15. Calculate the total number
of Form 3 pupils.
Diberi n(M) =
120, n(S) =
85, n(M n S) 36 =
dan bilangan murid yang tidak meminati
Find the set which represents the shaded region. dua mata pelajaran itu ialah 15 orang. Hitung
Cari set yang mewakili kawasan berlorek. jumlah murid Tingkatan 3.
A P nQ B (P n Q)' A 148 B 184
CPU Q D (P U Q)' C 220 D 256

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 13. Given the universal set, ~ = {x : 20 :;:;x :;:; 40, The region (K n L)' is equivalent to the region
x is an integer}, set P = {x : x has digit 3 or Kawasan (K n L), setara dengan kawasan
7}, set Q = {x: x is a prime number} and set A K n L' B K' n L'
R = {x: x is a number with the sum of its digits C K U L' D K' U L'
which equals to 5}. Find n(P U Q U R)'.
Diberi set semesta, ~ = {x : 20 :;:;x :;:;40, x 17. Given ~ =
{x: 36 :;:;x :;:;45, x is an integer},
ialah integer}, set P = {x: x mempunyai digit 3 set A =
{x : x is a multiple of 3} and set B' =
atau 7}, set Q = {x : x ialah nombor perdana } {x: x> 41}, list all the elements of set A U B.
dan set R ::: {x : x ialah nombor dengan Diberi ~ = {x: 36 :;:;x:;:; 45, x ialah integer},
hasil tambdh digitnya sarna dengan 5}. Cari set A = {x : x ialah gandaan 3} dan set B =
n(P U Q U R)'. {x : x > 41}, senaraikan semua unsur bagi
A 8 B 11 set AU B.
C 12 D 13 A {39,42}
B {36, 39,42, 45}
14. The Venn diagram shows all the elements of C {36, 39, 41, 42, 43}
the universal set, ~, set P and set Q. D {36,39,42,43,44,45}
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan
semua unsur bagi set semesta, ~, set P dan 18. The Venn diagram shows the universal set,
set Q. =
cmJ ~ P U Q U R.
~ p Q Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan
set semesta, ~ = P U Q U R.
.4~
P Q R
-s
(][[)
·9

List all the elements of set (P U Q)'.

Senaraikan semua unsur bagi set (P U Q)'.
A {2, 7} B {6, 8} Which combined operation on the sets P, Q
C {2, 7, 8} D {4, 5, 9} and R is an empty set?
Operasi bergabung ke atas set P, Q dan R
15. The Venn diagram shows the sets X, Y and Z yang manakah ialah set kosong?
=
where ~ X U Y U Z. A P n (Q n R)'
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan set B P' n (Q n R),
=
X, Y dan Z dengan keadaan ~ X U Y U Z. C P n (Q U R)'
D P' n (Q U R)'

19. The Venn diagram shows all the elements of

the universal set, ~, set L, set M and set N.
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan
Find the elements of set (X U Z)'. semuq unsur bagi set semesta, ~, set L, set M
Cari unsur-unsur bagi set (X U Z)'.
dan set N.
A {2,4} B {5,6}
1> ~
C {7, 8} D {3, 5, 6}
M~L.6 N
16. The Venn diagram shows the universal set, ~, ·4·S ·8·9
cmJ set K and set L. ·1 ·2
·7
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan
set semesta, ~, set K dan set L. Find the elements of set (M U N) n L.
Cari unsur-unsur bagi set (M U N) n L.

'fJf) A
B {5,8}
{6}

C {5, 6, 8}
D {4,5,8,9}

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20. The Venn diagram shows the number of 23. TheVenn diagram shows the universal set, ~,
elements of the universal set, ~, set P, set Q set P, set Q and set R.
and set R. Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan set semesta, ~, set P, set Q dan set R.
bilangan unsur bagi set semesta, ~, set P,
set Q dan set R.

~P~6

~O
Find n[(P U Q) n R'].
Which set represented by the shaded region?
Set manakah diwakili oleh kawasan berlorek?
A P U Q' U R
Cari n[(P U Q) n R']. B P n (Q U R)
A 9 B 10 C (P U Q) n R'
C 11 D 12 D P'UQUR

21. The Venn diagram shows the sets P, Q and R 24. The Venn diagram shows the number of pupils
cmJ where ~ = P U Q U R. cmJ in a class who join at least one of the three
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan set following societies. Given the universal set,
P, Q dan R dengan keadaan ~ = P U Q U R. ~ = E U MUS,
set E = {members of the English Society},
set M = {members of the Mathematics Society},
set S = {members of the Science Society}.
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan
bilangan murid dalam sebuah kelas, setiap
It is given that ~ = {x : 11 ~ x ~ 20, x is orang menyertai sekurang-kurangnya satu
an integer}, Q = {11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 20} and daripada tiga persatuan berikut. Diberi set
R = {prime numbers}. List all the elements
semesta, ~ = E U MUS,
of set P U (Q n R)'. set E = {ahli Persatuan Bahasa Inggeris},
Diberi bahawa ~ = {x : 11 ~ x ~ 20, x ialah
set M = {ahli Persatuan Matematik},
integer}, Q = {11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 20} dan set S = {ahli Persatuan Sains}.
R = {nombor perdana}. Senaraikan semua
unsur bagi set P U (Q n R)'. E

A {11, 13, 17, 19}

B {12, 14, 16, 18}
C {12, 14, 16, 18, 20}
D {12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20}

22. Which of the following Venn diagrams has the

shaded region representing the set P' n Q U R? Calculate the number of pupils who are members
Antara gambar rajah Venn berikut, yang of the English Society or the members of the
manakah mempunyai kawasan berlorek yang Mathematics Society but not the members of
mewakili set P' n Q U R?

0 BOO
the Science Society.
Hitung bilangan murid yang merupakan ahli
A Persatuan Bahasa Inggeris atau ahli Persatuan
Matematik tetapi bukan ahli Persatuan Sains.
A 5
R B 16
C D
C 21
D 24

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PAPER 2.'J,
Section A 3. Each Venn diagram in the answer space shows
the universal set, ~ =
X U Y U Z. On the
1. Each Venn diagram in the answer space shows diagram, shade the regions which represent set
the universal set, ~ = P U Q U R. On the Setiap gambar rajah Venn di ruang jawapan
diagram, shade the set menunjukkan set semesta, ~ = X U Y U Z.
Setiap gambar rajah Venn di ruang jawapan Pada rajah itu, Zorek rantau yang mewakili set
menunjukkan set semesta, ~ = P U Q U R. (a) X n r u z.
Pada rajah itu, Zorek set (b)Zn(XUy)'.
(a) (P U Q)'. [4 marks/4 markah]
(b) P n R U Q.
[4 marks/4 markah] AnswerIJawapan:
(a) z
AnswerIJawapan:
(a)

(b) z
(b)
x

4. The Venn diagram shows the number of

2. Each Venn diagram in the answer space shows elements of sets P, Q and R where the universal
the universal set, ~ = P U Q U R. On the set, ~ = P U Q U R.
diagram, shade the set Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan
Setiap gambar rajah Venn di ruang jawapan bilangan unsur bagi set P, Q dan R dengan
menunjukkan set semesta, ~ = P U Q U R. keadaan set semesta, ~ = P U Q U R.
Pada rajah itu, Zorek set Q
(a) Q n R'.
(b) Q n (P U R)'.
[4 marks/4 markah]

AnswerlJawapan: It is given that n(~) = 21. Calculate

(a) =
Diberi bahawa n(~) 21. Hitung
p Q R (a) the value of x.
nilai x.

(]]) (b) n(P U Q n R)'.

[4 marks/4 markah]

(b)
AnswerIJawapan:
(a) (b)

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II

I 5. The Venn diagram shows the universal set, ~, 7. Ir is given that the universal set, ~ = {x :
set P and set Q. 15 ~ x ~ 25, x is an integer}, set P = {x: x is
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan a prime number}, set Q = {x : x is a multiple
set semesta, ~, set P dan set Q. of 4} and set R = {x : x is a number such that
the sum of its two digits is less than 7}.
Diberi bahawa set semesta, ~ = {x: 15 ~ x ~
25, x ialah integer}, set P = {x : x ialah nombor
=
perdana}, set Q {x : x ialah gandaan 7} dan
set R = {x : x ialah nombor dengan keadaan
hasil tambah dua digitnya kurang daripada 7}.
(a) Complete the statements below using
the symbol set n, U or C:, to show the (a) List all the elements of set P.
Senaraikan semua unsur bagi set P.
relationship between set P and set Q.
Lengkapkan pemyataan di bawah dengan
(b) List all the elements of set Q n R.
menggunakan simbol set n, U atau C,
Senaraikan semua unsur bagi set Q R. n
untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara
(c) Find n(P U Q U R)'.
Cari n(P U Q U R)'.
set P dan set Q.
[4 marks/4 markah]
(i) Q DP (ii) pDQ =Q
AnswerIJawapan:
(b) State the set that is equivalent to Q n P'.
Nyatakan set yang setara dengan Q n P'.
(c) State the set which represents the shaded
region.
Nyatakan set yang mewakili kawasan
berlorek.
[4 marks/4 markah]

AnswerlJawapan:

8. It is given that the universal set, ~ = {x: 3 ~ x

~ 20, x is an integer}, set P = {x : x is a perfect
square}, set Q = {x : x is a one-digit number}
6. The Venn diagram shows the number of and set R = {x: x is divisible by 3 or 4}.
elements of sets J, K and L. Given the universal Diberi bahawa set semesta, ~ = {x : 3 ~ x ~
set, ~ = J U K U L. 20, x ialah integer}, set P = {x: x ialah kuasa
Gambar rajah Venn di bawah menunjukkan dua sempuma}, set Q = {x : x ialab nombor
bilangan unsur bagi set J, K dan L. Diberi satu digit} dan set R = {x : x boleh dibahagi
set semesta, ~ = J U K U L. tepat dengan 3 atau 4}.
(a) List all the elements of set P and set R.
J
Senaraikan semua unsur bagi set P dan
~ • set R.
7 (b) List all the elements of set (P U Q U R)
'---__ 4 0--' 3 ~ \
'Senaraikan semua unsur bagi set
I.

Given n(K U L) = 21, find (P U Q U R)'.

[4 marks/4 markah]
Diberi n(K U L) = 21, cari
(a) the value of y. AnswerIJawapan:
nilai y.
(b) n(J n K U L)'.
[4 marks/4 markah]

AnswerIJawapan:

24
I

l~
II
Section B 10. The incomplete Venn diagram shows the
number of pupils in a group of 40 pupils who
9. (a) Each Venn diagram in the answer space take Accounting, Commerce and Economics.
shows the universal set, ~ = A U B U C. It is given that the universal set, ~ = A U C U
On the diagram, shade the set E where A = {pupils who take Accounting},
Setiap gambar rajah Venn di ruang C = {pupils who take Commerce }, and
jawapan menunjukkan set semesta, E = {pupils who take Economics}.
~ = A U B U C. Pada rajah itu, lorek set Gambar rajah Venn yang tidak lengkap di
(i) (A n B n C)'. (ii) (A n B)' U C. bawah menunjukkan bilangan murid dalam
[3 marks/3 markah] satu kumpulan 40 orang murid yang mengambil
AnswerlJawapan:
(i)
~
(ii) @j B
Perakaunan, Perdagangan dan Ekonomi.
Diberi bahawa set semesta, ~ = A U CUE
dengan keadaan A = {murid yang mengambil
~ cD Perakaunan}, C = {murid yang mengambil
Perdagangan} dan E = {murid yang mengambil
Ekonomi}.
(b) In a group of 200 pupils, 85 pupils like
durian, 46 pupils like rambutan only and
24 pupils like durian and rambutan.
Dalam satu kumpulan 200 orang murid,
85 orang murid gemar durian, 46 orang
murid gemar rambutan sahaja dan
24 orang gemar durian dan rambutan.
26 pupils take Commerce and 19 pupils take
(i) Calculate the number of pupils who
two subjects only.
like durian only.
26 orang murid mengambil Perdagangan dan
Hitung bilangan murid yang gemar
19 orang murid mengambil dua subjek sahaja.
durian sahaja.
(ii) Complete the Venn diagram in the (a) Calculate the values of x and y.
answer space based on the information Hitung nilai x dan nilai y.
given. [4 marks/4 markah]
Lengkapkan gambar rajah Venn di
(b) Calculate the total number of pupils who
ruang jawapan berdasarkan maklumat
take one subject only.
yang diberikan.
Hitung jumlah bilangan murid yang
(iii) Calculate the total number of pupils
mengambil satu subjek sahaja.
who do not like rambutan.
[2 marks12 markah]
Hitung jumlah bilangan murid yang
tidak gemar rambutan. (c) Calculate the total number of pupils who
[6 marks/6 markah] take Accounting or Economics.
AnswerlJawapan: • Hitung jumlah bilangan murid yang
(i) mengambil Perakaunan atau Ekonomi.
~ [3 marks/3 markah]
(ii) ~ Answer/Jawapan:
Durian~ambutan

(iii)

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