Physics Electricity – PDF Material for SSC & RRB

Exams
1. Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and flow of
electric charge.
2. Electrons have a negative charge.
3. An Electric (force) field surrounds any charged object – it spreads out – weakens with
distance.
4. The charge is measured in Coulombs.
5. 1 Coulomb =1 amp per second.
6. In a good conductor, the valence electrons can be easily forced to move from one
atom to the next.
7. A conductor is a material that has a large number of free electrons that continually
jump to other atoms.
8. Good electrical conductors are copper and aluminum. Gold, silver, and platinum are
also good conductors but are very expensive.
9. An insulator is a material that has only a few free electrons. In insulators, the electrons
are tightly bound by the nucleus.
10. Good electrical insulators are Rubber, Porcelain, Glass, and Dry Wood.
11. Current (I) is the movement of charge through a conductor. Electrons carry the
charge.
12. Unit of measurement current in Amperes (A).
13. The fundamental electric quantity is Charge.
14. Current is the rate of flow of negatively-charged particles, called electrons, through a
predetermined cross-sectional area in a conductor.
15. Resistance – The ability to resist current leakage through and over the surface of the
material.
16. The resistance, expressed in ohms ( named after George ohm)
17. Resistance depends on Resistivity, Length, Cross-sectional area, and
Temperature.
Resistance Colour Code

18. An ammeter is used to measure the amount of current.

19. A voltmeter is used to measure the potential difference between two points.
20. An instrument used to measure resistance is Ohm meter.
21. A capacitor is an energy storage element.
22. It can store electrical voltage for periods of time.
23. A Capacitor consists of two conducting metal plates with an insulating sheet of
material in between.
24. When a capacitor has a difference in voltage across its plate, it is said to be charged.
25. Unit of capacitance is Farad
26. Inductance (L) is the property of an electrical circuit that opposes the change in
current.
27. An inductor is a passive energy storage element that stores energy in the form of a
magnetic field.
28. The henry (symbolized H) is the Standard International ( SI ) unit of inductance.
29. Ohm’s law states that an electric current is proportional to voltage and inversely
proportional to resistance.
30. When current flows through a conductor, heat energy is generated in the conductor.
31. The heating effect of an electric current depends on resistance, amount of current,
and time for which current flows.
32. The heating effect of current is used in Iron box, electric water heater, etc.

33. The magnetic field carries the invisible force of magnetism

34. Wherever an electric current exists, a magnetic field also exists.

35. Whenever current flows through a conductor, a magnetic field is created around the
conductor.
36. The rule for remembering the direction of the magnetic field around a conductor is
called the right–hand clasp
37. If a person grasps a conductor in one’s right hand with the thumb pointing in the
direction of the current, the fingers will circle the conductor in the direction of
the magnetic field.
38. An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by an
electric current.
39. In electromagnets, the magnetic field disappears when the current is turned off.
40. Electromagnets are used in motors, generators, relays, loudspeakers, hard disks,
MRI machines, scientific instruments, and magnetic separation equipment.
41. Electromagnetic Induction creates a voltage or current in a conductor when a
magnetic field change.
42. In a transformer, alternating current in one winding induces a changing magnetic field
in the transformer core

43. Transformer work on the principle of Electromagnetic induction.

44. In Generator magnetic field of the rotor induces a voltage in the stator windings.
45. Electromagnetic induction was first discovered by Michael Faraday.
46. Dynamo works on the basis of Faraday’s law.
47. Whenever a magnetic field is moved past a conductor a voltage is induced in the
conductor.

48. Farad determined that a capacitor has a value of one farad of capacitance if one
volt of the potential difference applied across its plates moved one coulomb of
electrons from one plate to the other.
49. Electric bell functions by means of an electromagnet.
50. Lenz’s law states that the polarity of the induced emf is such that it tends to produce
a current which opposes the change in magnetic flux that produces it.
51. When the current in a coil changes, it induces a back emf in the same coil.
52. The magnitude of the induced emf in a circuit is equal to the time rate of change of
magnetic flux through the circuit.
53. The induced emf can be increased by increasing the number of turns N of a closed
coil.
54. By accelerating magnet inside a coil, current in it increases.
55. A total number of magnetic field lines passing through an area is called magnetic
flux.
56. The magnitude of induced e.m.f is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux
linkage.
57. In a transformer, the core is made up of soft iron in order to pass maximum magnetic
flux.
58. Currents that flow in circles inside a disc are known as eddy currents.
59. When the field is parallel to the plane of area, the magnetic flux through the coil
is zero.
60. An open coil has infinite resistance and zero inductance.
61. In the case of inductance, the current is proportional to the magnetic field.

62. For a purely inductive circuit, the Actual power of the circuit is zero.
63. Lenz’s law is a consequence of the law of conservation of energy.
64. The coefficient of coupling between two air core coils depends on mutual
inductance and self-inductance of two coils.
65. A crack in the magnetic path of an inductor will result in reduced inductance.
66. The inductance will oppose the change in circuit current.

67. Weber is the unit of magnetic flux.

68. C cannot be used for magnetizing and electroplating.
69. Inductors act as a short circuit for DC.

70. Long-distance transmission is easy for AC.

71. When the motor is at its maximum speed then back emf will be maximum
72. The reluctance in a magnetic material is a property by virtue of which it opposes the
creation of Magnetic flux.
73. Coulomb’s First Law states that unlike poles attract each other and like poles repel
each other.
74. The electrical entity inductance can be compared to the mechanical entity inertia.
75. In electroplating, the solution must be of salt of the metal to electroplate with.
76. Types of electrodes used during electrolysis affect the products of electrolysis.
77. A battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
78. When an electric current is passed through a bulb, the bulb gives light because of the
heating effect of current.
79. The process of producing chemical decomposition of a compound by passing
electricity through the compound is called electrolysis
80. The filament used in an electric heater is of high resistance.
81. Mica is a bad conductor of electricity but a good conductor of heat.
82. Conversion of temperature into electric voltage is done with thermistor
83. Wire wound variable resistance is known as a rheostat
84. The potential difference between ends of conductor maintained by the battery is

85. SI unit of conductivity of material isΩ-1m-1.

86. Ohmic devices are devices that consequently obey Ohm’s law.
87. Filament bulbs are best examples of the non-ohmic devices
88. Reciprocal of resistance is called conductance
89. A living creature that turns itself into living battery is eel
90. The characteristic specific resistance of a wire is its resistivity
91. Sunlight is directly converted into electrical energy by using solar cells.
92. To pass current through ammeter it should be connected in series in the circuit.
93. Inside a hollow conducting sphere electric field is zero.
94. To obtain a high value of capacitance, the permittivity of the dielectric medium
should be high.
95. 1 F is theoretically equal to the ratio of 1 C to 1 V.
96. The bulb in street lighting are connected in parallel.

97. The third pin of a 3-pin plug is thicker and longer for protection purposes.
98. Our household apparatus are connected in parallel
99. The internal resistance of an ideal voltage source is zero
100. The internal resistance of an ideal current source is infinity