Mathematics For Engineering: Exercise Book
Mathematics For Engineering: Exercise Book
Class:...........................................
1
CALCULUS
Chapter 1: Function and Limit
1 x
f x f x ln x 1
f x x 2 x x
2
x 1
a. b. c.
f x x 1 f x x2 2 x f x sin x
a. b. c.
x x2 x
f x 2 f x 4 f x
a. x 1 b. x 1 c. x 1
4. Explain how the following graphs are obtained from the graph of f(x)
f x 4 f x 3 f x 2 3 f x 5 4
a. b. c. d.
f x x
5. Suppose that the graph of is given. Describe how the graph of the function
y x 1 2 can be obtained from the graph of f .
f x x g x 2 x
6. Let and . Find each function
a. f o g b. g 0 f c. g o g d. f o f
x2 x 1
f x
7. Let x . Find
1
f x
f 2 x 1
a. x b.
2
8. Use the table to evaluate each expression
x 1 2 3 4 5 6
f(x) 3 1 4 2 2 5
g(x) 6 3 2 1 2 3
g o f 3 go f 6
e. f.
3 h
2
x 2 x 12 x6 1 tan 3 x 9
lim lim 10 lim lim
a. x3 x 3 b. x 1 x 1 c. x0 tan 5 x d. h 0 h
1 1 x2 1
t2 9 3 x 2 x 12 lim lim
lim lim x 1
e. t 0 t2 f. x x 3
3
g.
x 0
x x h.
x 1
10. Determine whether each curve is the graph of a function of x. If it is, state the domain
and range of the function.
3
11. The graph of f is given.
lim f x lim f x
iii. x 1 and x4
f x
12. Determine where the function is continuous
2x2 x 1 x9
f x f x
x2 4 x2 4 x 1 f x ln 2 x 5
a. b. c.
mx 2 x, x 2
2
x2 m2 , x 4
f x f x 3
a. mx 20, x 4 b. x mx, x 2
e2 x 1 x2 1
, x0 , x 1
f x x f x x 1
m , x0 mx 1, x 1
c. d.
4
x 2, x 0
f x 2 x 2 , 1 x 0
2 x, x 1
14. Find the numbers at which the function is discontinuous.
5
Chapter 2: Derivatives
f ' 0 f ' 3
c. d.
2. Find an equation of the tangent line to the curve at the given point:
x 1 2x
y , 3, 2 y , 0,0
a. x2 b. x 1
2
3 2x
y , y 1
c. y 3 2 x x , x 1
2
d. x 1
3. Find y '
1 x2
y x x x 2
2
y
a. x b. y x x c. x 1
1
y ln x 2 1 y e x sin 2 x 1
d. y x x 2 e. x f.
4. Find y "
b. y 2 x 1
3 x 1 x
a. y xe c. y e cos x
3
5. Find dy / dt for:
a. y x x 2, dx / dt 2 and x 1 b. y ln x, dx / dt 1 and x e
3 2
6
2 y sin
t
c. y tan t and 16 d. t cos and 3
6. Find dy for:
1
y y ln x 2 1
x 1 b. y x 1, x 3 , x 1 and dx 2
2
a. c.
a. b.
h x f g x h ' 1 H x go f x H ' 1
a. If , find b. If , find
F x fo f x F ' 2 G x go g x G ' 3
c. If , find d. If , find
h x 4 3 f x f 1 7, f ' 1 4 h ' 1
9. If , where , find .
7
a. Find dy / dx
b. Find an equation of the tangent to the circle at the point (3, 4).
11. Let L : x3 y 3 6 xy
a. Find dy / dx
a. x y 16 x y b.
4 4
x y 4 c. x xy y
3 2
f x g sin 2 x f x g e13x
a. b.
14. Each side of a square is increasing at a rate of 6 cm/s. At what rate is the area of the
square increasing when the area of the square is 16 cm2 ?
16. If
z 2 x2 y2 z 0 , dx / dt 2, dy / dt 3 , find dz / dt when x 5, y 12
1
f x , a2
2 x f x 3 5 x, a 3
a. b.
8
Chapter 3: Applications of Differentiation
1. Find the absolute maximum and absolute minimum values of the function on the given
interval
f x 3 x 2 12 x 5, 0;3 f x x 3 3x 5, 0;3
a. b.
1
f x x ln x, 2 ; 2
c.
f x x 4 x , 2
1;2 d.
x 1
f x 5x 4 x
2 f x f x x ln x
a. b. x2 x 1 c.
3. Find all numbers that satisfy the conclusion of the Rolle's Theorem
a.
f x x x 2, 2;0 b.
f x x 2 x2 , 0;2
4. Find all points that satisfy the conclusion of the Mean Value Theorem
f x 3 x 2 2 x 5, 1;1 f x e 2 x , 0;3
a. b.
f 1 10 f ' x 2, x 1; 4 f 4
5. If and , how small can possibly be?
f x 3x 4 4 x 3 12 x 2 1
6. Find where the function is increasing and where it is
decreasing.
f x x4 4 x 1 f x x6 f x xe x
a. b. c.
f x f ' x 2x 1 f 0 1
8. Find for and .
10. Find two numbers whose difference is 100 and whose product is a minimum.
9
11. Find two positive numbers whose product is 100 and whose sum is a minimum.
12. Use Newton’s method with the specified initial approximation x1 to find x3
a. x 2 x 4 0, x1 1 b. x 2 0, x1 1
3 5
ln x 2 1 2 x 1 0, x1 1 ln 4 x 2 x, x1 1
c. d.
13. The figure shows the graphs of f , f ' and f " . Identify each curve, and explain your
choices
a. b.
1
f x 6x 2x 3
2 f x 6 x
a. b. x2
x2 x 2
f x
x
f x 2 x x 2 1
c. d.
2x
f x 5x 4 2 x5 , F 0 4 f x 4 , F 0 1
a. b. x 1
2
16. A particle is moving with the given data. Find the position of the particle
v t sin t cos t , s 0 0
a.
v t 10sin t 3cos t , s 0
b.
v t 10 3t 3t 2 , s 2 10
c.
10
11
Chapter 4 - 6: Integration
y f x
1. Estimate the area under the graph of using 6 rectangles and left endpoints
1
f x x x 1, 4
a. x , b.
f x x2 2
,
x 1, 2
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
f(x) 5 6 3 2 7 1 2
3. Repeat part (1) using right endpoints
f x x 3 , x 2,2
4. For the function . Estimate the area under the graph of using four
approximating rectangles and taking the sample points to be
a. Right endpoints
b. Left endpoints
c. Midpoints
5. Use (a) the Trapezoidal Rule, (b) the Midpoint Rule, and (c) Simpson’s Rule to
approximate the given integral with the specified value of n.
3 3
sin x
xdx, n4 1 x dx ,n 6
a. 0 b.
2
dx
I
x2 1
6. Let 0 . Find the approximations L4 , R4 , M 4 , T4 and S 4 for I .
x
g x t 2 1 dt
7. Find the derivative of the function 0
8. Find g '
12
x4 x
1 sin u
g x dt g x du
a. 1
cos t b. 1
u
x2 x 2 cos x
et
1 v
2 10
g x dt g x dv
t
c. 2x d. sin x
1
f x x , 2
1,1 f x , 1,5
a. b. x
f x x x , 1, 4 f x x ln x, 1,e 2
c. d.
10. A particle moves along a line so that its velocity at time t is v(t) = t2 – t – 6 (m/s)
11. Suppose the acceleration function and initial velocity are a(t)= t + 3 (m/s 2), v(0)=5
(m/s). Find the velocity at time t and the distance traveled when 0 ≤ t ≤ 5.
y 1 y dy
5
2 ln x t
d. 0 e.
x
dx
f.
t
2
1
dt
x e
2 x
dx
xe dx x sin xdx
x
a. b. 0 c.
13
e
x ln xdx
d. f.
ln xdx e x
dx
e. 1
1 1
f x dx 5 xf ' x dx
15. Suppose f(x) is differentiable, f(1) = 4 and 0 . Find 0
xf ' x dx 13
16. Suppose f(x) is differentiable, f(1) = 3, f(3) = 1 and 1 . What is the
average value of f on the interval [1,3]?
x 1, 3 x 0 1
f x f x dx
1 x , 0 x 1
2
17. Let . Evaluate 3
g ' 0
18. Find for
x2 x3
g x e 2 t 1
dt u u 1du
a. x b. 2 x 1
19. Determine whether each integral is convergent or divergent. Evaluate those that are
convergent.
dx 0 1 xdx
3x 1
dx
2 x 5
dx
x 2
2 2 2
a. 1
b. c. 2 x d.
0
y 1
e 2
dy e
2t
dt sin d xe
x2
dx
e. 4 f. g. 2 h.
1 4 1 1
dx dx 1 dx
0 4 x 1 x 3 3
x2
dx x
i. j. 3 k. 1 l. 0
20. Use the Comparison Theorem to determine whether the integral is convergent or
divergent
cos 2 xdx 2 e x dx
1 x dx xe
a. 1 1 x
2 2x
b. c. 1
14
2 1
xdx cos xdx 2dx
1 x6
0 sin x x3
d. 1 e. f. 0
15
LINEAR ALGEBRA
Chapter 1: Systems of Linear Equations
1. Write the augmented matrix for each of the following systems of linear equations and
then solve them.
x y 2 z 1 2 x 3 y z 10
2 x 3 y z 2 2 x 3 y 3z 22
a. 5 x 4 y 2 z 4 b. 4 x 2 y 3z 2
x y z 0 x1 2 x2 x3 x4 0
2 x y 2 z 0 2 x1 3x2 2 x3 3x4 0
x x 3x x 0
c. x z 0 d. 1 2 3 4
1 1 2 2 3 3
A 3 1 1 B 3 4 1
1 3 4 5 7 2
a. b.
1 1 1 4 1 1 1 3
C 2 1 3 0 D 1 4 5 2
0 1 5 8 1 6 3 4
c. d.
3. Find all values of k for which the system has nontrivial solutions and determine all
solutions in each case.
x y 2z 0 x 2 y z 0
x y z 0 x ky 3z 0
a. x ky z 0 b. x 6 y 5 z 0
x y z 0 x y z 0
x y z 0 ky z 0
c. x y kz 0 d. x y kz 0
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4. Determine the values of m such that the system of linear equations has exactly one
solution.
x y 2z m mx y z 1
x y z 0 x my z m
x y mz m 2
a. x my z 1 m b.
x y z 1 x my mz m
x my 2 z m 2 x y z 2
c. x 2 y z 2 d. x y z 0
5. Determine the values of m such that the system of linear equations is inconsistent.
x y 2z m x 2 y 2z m
x y z 0 x my z 0
a. x y 3 z 1 m b. 2 x y mz 2 m
x ay cz 0
bx cy 3 z 1
6. Find a, b and c so that the system ax 2 y bz 5 has the solution
3, 1, 2
2 1 3
A 4 2 k
4 2 6
7. Consider the matrix
b. If A is the augmented matrix of a system of linear equations, find the value(s) of k such
that the system is consistent.
x y z 1
x y z 2
2 x k 5 y 2 z 4
2 y z 3
x k 3 y k 1 z k 3
a. 4 y 2 z k b.
17
x y 3z 2
x 2 y 5z 1
9. Find all values of a and b for which the system of equations 2 x 2 y az b is
inconsistent.
10. Solve the system of linear equation corresponding to the given augmented matrix
1 0 0 1
0 1 1
0 1 2 1 1
B
A 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 4
1 0 1 1
a. b. 0 0 0 0
11. Determine the values of m such that the rank of the matrix is 2
1 2 3
1 1 0 1 2 1 4 2 1 1
2 3 5 2 1 1 5 3 1 2
1 2 m 3 6 1 m
A. b. c. m 3 5
x 2 y 12
3 x y 8
12. Solve the system x 5 y 16
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Chapter 2: Matrix Algebra
1 4 1 1 1 3 4
A , B C
1. Let 2 3 3 2 and 1 2 1 . Compute the matrix
a. 2 A B
T
b. AB c. BA d. AC
T T
e. CC f. C C
3 2 T
g. A h. B A
a.
A B A B A BC CD A C B D AB C D
2 2
b.
3 1 2 0 5 2 1
A 4 8 0 B 1 8 0 6
0 1 2 1 4 3 7
3. Let and .
a. Compute AB
f A f x x 2 3x 2
b. Compute if
1 1 2 1 1 3
5 7 11 2 0 5
1 5 2 1
2 3 5 1 1 0
a. 2 1 b. 2 4 c. d.
1 1 3
1
A 2 0 5
1 1 0
5. Given . Find a matrix X such that
1 1 1 2
AX 1 AX 0 1 1 1 2 1
3 1 0 0 XA
a. b. c. 3 1 1
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6. Find A when
1 2 2 1 1 4
3 A I 2 A A 2 I 2
1 1 1 T
a. 0 2 b. 3 2 c. 3 11
7. Write the system of linear equations in matrix form and then solve them.
2 x 3 y z 10
2 x y 4 2 x 3 y 3z 22 x y a
a R
a. 3 x 2 y 4 b. 4 x 2 y 3z 2 c.
2 x 3 y 1 2 a
1
8. Find A if
a. A 6 A 5I 0 b. A 3 A I 0
2 2
c. A I
4
9. Solve for X
1 2 1 1
X
a. 2 3 3 3 b. ABXC B c. AX BC B
T T
T 1, 2 1,1
11. Let T : R R be a linear transformation, and assume that
2 2
and
T 0,3 3,3
T 11, 5 T 1,11
a. Compute b. Compute
T 1 2,3
c. Find the matrix of T d. Compute
1 2
12. Let T : R R be a linear transformation such that the matrix of T is 1 3 .
2 2
T 3, 2
Find
20
4 2 1
1 2 0 1
0 2 5 1 2 3 2
4 1 2 3 5 1 0
0
4 3
13. The (2;1)-entry of the product
21
Chapter 3: Determinants and Diagonalization
2 0 0 3 2 1 2 1 1
x 2 1 4 6 0 4 5 6 0 2 1
a. 3 x b. 3 7 2 c. 2 3 1 d. 0 0 4
x y 1 m 1 0
1 2 1 1 2 1
1 5 1 2 m 3
e. f.
3 4 2 1 3 1
1 3 B 6 3 1 C 2 1 1
A 4 7 8 1 2 m
a. 2 4 b. c.
1 0 3
A 0 1 2
2 1 0
3. Find the adjugate and the inverse of the matrix
1 * * *
0 1 * *
A
0 0 2 *
4. Let 0 0 0 2 . Find
2A
1
A3 A1 2adj A
d. e. f.
A 5 B 3
5. Let A and B be square matrices of order 4 such that and . Find
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6. Find all values of m for which the matrix is not invertible
m 1 3 m 2 0
1 3 B 1 3 2 C 1 m 1
A 1 4 5 2 3 1
a. k 2 b. c.
3 5 1 3
A B
a. 1 2 b. 1 3
1 0 0 1 2 1
C 2 2 1 D 0 1 2
1 2 1 1 1 1
c. d.
3 5 5 4
A B
a. 10 2 b. 2 1
1 0 0 3 2 1
C 2 3 0 D 0 1 0
0 0 4 4 1 1
c. d.
5 1 2 4
1 0 1 3
A
1 1 6 1
1 0 0 4
9. Find the determinant of the matrix
1 3 2
4 5 7
7 8 1
10. Find the (1, 2)-cofactor and (3,1) - cofactor of the matrix
1 3 1
A 0 1 0
2 1 x
11. Let . For which values of x is A invertible ?
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Chapter 4: Vector Geometry
1. Find the equations of the line through the points P0(2, 0, 1) and P1(4, − 1, 1).
2. Find the equations of the line through P0(3, − 1, 2) parallel to the line with equations:
x 1 2t
y 1 t
z 3 4t
d=(2,1,4)
3. Determine whether the following lines intersect and, if so, find the point of intersection.
x 1 3t x 1 s
y 2 5t , y 3 4s
z 1 t
z 1 s
1
.v
v
@ a unit vector in the direction of vector v is
AB
AB
@e= =….
8. Show that the points P(3, − 1, 1), Q(4, 1, 4), and R(6, 0, 4) are the vertices of a right
triangle.
9. Suppose a ten-kilogram block is placed on a flat surface inclined 30◦ to the horizontal
as in the diagram. Neglecting friction, how much force is required to keep the block from
sliding down the surface? W1= w.sin30
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10. Find the projection of u = (2,-3,1) on d = (-1,1,3) and express u = u1 + u2 where u1 is
parallel to d and u2 is orthogonal to d.
11. Find an equation of the plane through P0(1, − 1, 3) with n = (-3,-1,2) as normal.
12. Find an equation of the plane through P0(3, − 1, 2) that is parallel to the plane with
equation 2x − 3y − z = 6.
13. Find the shortest distance from the point M(2, -1, − 3) to the plane with equation (P):
3x − y + 4z = 1. Also find the point Q on this plane closest to P.
Let P : ax by cz d 0; M x0 , y0 , z0 ,
ax0 by0 cz0 d
d M , P
a 2 b2 c 2
M d P Q d P
Let
14. Find the equation of the plane through P(1, 3, − 2), Q(1, 1, 5), and R(2, − 2, 3).
n PQ PR
x 1 2 x 4 1
y 0 t 0 and b : y 1 s 1
z 1 1
(a): z 1 1
25
N 4,1, 1 b; / / a
n u a u b ; ua 2,0,1 ; ub 1,1, 1
M 1,0, 1 a
d d M ,
18. Find the three internal angles of the triangle with vertices:
19. Find the equations of the line of intersection of the following planes.
a. 2x − 3y + 2z = 5 and x + 2y − z = 4.
b. 3x + y − 2z = 1 and x + y + z = 5.
20. Find the area of the triangle with vertices P(2, 1, 0), Q(3, − 1, 1), and R(1, 0, 1)
21. Find the volume of the parallelepiped determined by the vectors u = (1,2,-1), v =
(3,4,5) and w = (-1,2,4).
22. In each case show that that T is either projection on a line, reflection in a line, or
rotation through an angle, and find the line or angle
26
23. Determine the effect of the following transformations.
a. P = P(1, 1)
b. P = P(1, 4)
a. u = (1,-1,4), v = (5,2,-1)
b. u = (2,1,5), v = (0,3,1)
27
27. Find the shortest distance between the following pairs of nonparallel lines and find the
points on the lines that are closest together.
n
Chapter 5: The Vector Space R
28
x 1, 2, 2 , u 0,1, 4 , v 1,1, 2 w 3,1, 2 3
1. Let and in R . Find scalars a, b
and c such that x au bv cw
u 1, 2 , w 1, 1
2. Write v as a linear combination of u and w, if possible, where
U 2s t , s, s t | s, t R U s t , s, t , s t | s, t R
a. b.
U 0, t , t | t R U x, y , z | x y z 0
c. d.
29
7. Find a basis for and the dimension of the solution space of the homogeneous system of
linear equations.
x y z 0 x y z t 0
3 x y 0 x 2 y 4z 0 2 x 3 y z 0
3x 6 y 12 z 0
a. 2 x 4 y 5 z 0 b. c. 3 x 4 y 2 z t 0
1 2 2 1
A 3 6 5 0
2 2 1 2
10. Let . Find dim col A and dim row A
i 2 a, b a, b | a, b R
ii a b, a, b | a, b R
iii 2a b,0, ab | a, b R
u 1, 3, 2 , v 1,1,0 w 1,2, 3 u v w
12. Let and . Compute
u 3, v 4
13. Let u, v such that
3
and u v 2 . Find
uv 2u 3v
a. b. c. ||2u - v||
30