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Infotech JSS2 Database 1 WK 8

Databases are computer systems for organizing and storing data so it can be easily searched and retrieved. A database contains files with records made up of fields. For example, a movie database file would contain records for individual movies, with fields for the movie ID, title, and rating. Key fields uniquely identify each record. Databases are used by businesses, governments, and other organizations to organize large amounts of information.

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131 views

Infotech JSS2 Database 1 WK 8

Databases are computer systems for organizing and storing data so it can be easily searched and retrieved. A database contains files with records made up of fields. For example, a movie database file would contain records for individual movies, with fields for the movie ID, title, and rating. Key fields uniquely identify each record. Databases are used by businesses, governments, and other organizations to organize large amounts of information.

Uploaded by

Maria Elizabeth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Information Technology

Database
Database terminologies

Data is a collection of unprocessed acts, figures and symbols. In the past, data is limited to words and
numbers. Today, data is much more interesting because it includes sounds, images and video. For
example, you can talk into a computer’s microphone, you can attach a video camera to capture
movements, sounds and so on.

Information is data that is organized, meaningful and useful. Computers process data into information.

A database is a computerized system for storing information in an organized manner so that it can be
searched for and retrieved when needed.

A database includes a collection of data organized so you can access, retrieve and use the data.
Businesses, government groups, private organizations, and academic institutions all use databases.

Commonly used database items are database management system (DBMS), file, record, field and
character. A database contains files, a file contains records, a record contains fields and a field is made
up of characters. A sample database is shown below;

Movie file

Key field Field names

Movie ID Title Rating


Lions Lions King G
TFA Things Fall Apart PG 13
MYDY My Fair Lady PG
TIC Titanic PG 13
CAS Casablanca PG
Best Beauty and the Beast G

Fields

This sample, movie file contains six (6) records. Each record contains three (3) fields.

Database Terms
A bit is the smallest unit of data the computer can recognize. Eight bits grouped together in a unit makes
up a byte. Each byte represents a single character, such as a number (4) letter (S), punctuation mark (?),
or any other symbol (&).

A field is a combination of one or more characters and is the smallest unit of data a user accesses. A field
name uniquely identifies each field. When you search for data in a database, you enter the field name.
field names for the records in the movie file are Movie ID, Title and Rating.

A record is a group of related fields. A movie record includes a set of fields about one movie. This record
might contain field names such as Movie ID, Title and Rating.

A keyfield or primary key is a field that uniquely identifies each record in a file. The data in a key field is
unique to a specific record. For example, the movie ID field uniquely identifies each movie because no
two movies have the same movie ID.

A data file often called a file is a collection of related records stored on a disk such as the hard disk, CD
ROM. A database file can simply be defined as a collection of records of the same type. A sample data
file is shown below;

Simple data file

Postal Code Telephone Numbers Birthday E-mail


30001 (234) 555 – 9063 22 – Dec – 68 lizmartins@yahoo.com
60112 (234) 555 – 7893 14 – Jul – 70 Ike200@msn.com
30122 (234) 555 – 8973 15 – Aug – 89 jess@planet.com
60178 (234) 555 – 3399 10 – Apr – 40 lizzy@yahoo.com
60178 (234) 555 – 0303 01 – March – 63 pass@planet.com

Fields

This sample data file stored on a hard disk contains five records.

A database includes a group of related data file.

To sum up what makes a database, we have:

 Database : A collection of interrelated files or tables.


 File : A collection of related records.
 Record : A collection of related fields.
 Field : The smallest unit of data about a person, thing, place, etc.

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