8 Shopping Center

PLANNING AND DESINGING OF SHOPPING CENTER
PROJECT MEMBERS
S.SIVARAMAN - 10109119
S.SOWMIYA - 10109120
D.SRINIVASAN - 10109121
P.SUBASH - 10109122
A.SUBBARAYAN - 10109123
M.SUDHAGAR - 10109124
GUIDED BY: Mr. A.VIJAYASRI
In practical fulfillment of the Requirements for the award of Diploma in Civil

Engineering of the state Board of Technical Education and training government of the
Tamilnadu.
Project Report on 2011 – 2012
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
745 – RAJALAKSHMI POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

SOMASIPADI-606611
RAJALAKSHMI POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
SOMASIPADI, THIRUVANAMALAI– 606611
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled “SHOPING CENTER” submitted by
…………………………………………………… Reg.No ……………………………………. for the award of Diploma in Civil
Engineering is a record of the bonafide work done by under my supervision during the
academic year 2011-2012. The contents of this, in full or in parts, have not been submitted to
any other Institution or University for the award of any degree or diploma.
Mrs. VIJAYSRI, B.E Mrs. VIJAYSRI, B.E

Project Guide Head of the Department
Department of Civil Engineering. Department of Civil Engineering.
Submitted for the board examination held on. .
Internal Examiner External Examiner

SHOPPING CENTRE
PROJECT MEMBERS
S.SIVARAMAN - 10109119
S.SOWMIYA - 10109120
D.SRINIVASAN - 10109121
P.SUBASH - 10109122
A.SUBBARAYAN - 10109123
M.SUDHAGAR - 10109124
GUIDED BY:
Mrs. A.VIJAYASRI
HOD/CIVIL ENGG
RAJALAKSHMI POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
2011 – 2012
CONTENTS
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 INTRODUCTION
 SPECIFICATION
 LIST OF SYMBOLS
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN
 SUB DATA
 MAIN DATA
 DETAILED ESTIMATE
 ABSTRACT ESTIMATE
 DRAWING
 LIST OF REFERENCE
 CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are delighted to thank everyone helped us finished this “SHOPPING
CENTER”.
First of all we thank the almighty for being with us all the time.
We thank to our Principal Thiru IYYANARAPPAN, M.E. and Directors of
Rajalakshmi Trust permitting us to do this project during the year 2011 – 2012.
We owe gratitude to the project guide Thirumathi A.VIJAYASRI B.E., HOD
in civil Engineering for this guidance and advices given to us. And he always been very co –
operative with us and helped us to earn more knowledge about the project.
Grateful Acknowledgement to Thiru S. MURALI B.E., Lecturer in civil
Engineering, Thiru P. HARIHARAN B.E., Lecturer in civil Engineering Thiru
PRASANTH B.E., Lecturer in civil Engineering and Thiru ANBARASAN B.E., Lecturer in
civil Engineering.
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
In the modern days most of the towns are well developed. All of them vengikkal is
one of the most developing town.
Even there are very few big stores in the area and some of the things are not available
in those stores.
The people of vengikkal in town are not easy to get their house requirement and
necessary or important things immediately so, we have planned to construct a shopping
complex in the vengikkal town.
THE FOLLOWING FACILITIES ARE MADE AVAILABLE,
In our proposed construction of shopping complex, there different sizes of rooms are
available for purposes and toilets facilities for both gents and ladies in separately placed and
children play ground, passage, workers room, E.B and generator room and car parking are
also available.
The guide lines for the design is taken from IS 456-2000 and limit state method of
design is adopted
Water supply, drainage and sanitation will be arranged as per IS 1172:1993 Table
10, clause5.3.
All works shall be strictly adhered to PWD specifications. The estimate has been
prepared based on PWD schedule of rates for the year 2011-12.
SPECIFICATION
SPECIFICATION
The estimate is provided for the construction “SHOPPING CENTER”. The provision
is made in the estimate are as follows.
SUB SOIL DATA:-

The sub soil is of course grade and compacted sand. The plate load test was
conducted by the P.W.D authorizes to determine the SBC value.
ORIENTATION:-
The SHOPPING CENTER is proposed to be constructed at deanery. This
proposed land is owned by the private it faces south.
BRICK MASONARY:-
The most and widely used material for construction of building is brick. It has
the following advantages.
i) Raw materials required are ordinary earth which is available is abundance.
ii) Kill burning bricks are used
iii) Locally available brick size 19 x 9 x 9 cm
All the works will be in brick masonry in cement mortar 1:6 using above maintained
bricks. The height of wall from floor level to roof level is 3.9m above this brick are obtained
from Kilpenathur town the sand is obtained from River.
CONCRETE:-
Concrete is a material obtained by combining together interest material like
sand gravel and broken stone. This R.C.C is weak in tension and strong in compression so
steel reinforcement is used to take up the tensile stress in this project the R.C.C for the ratio of
1:2:4 using 20mm nominal metals are obtained from Kilpenathur. All this R.C.C works are
going to be done by volume batching.
LINTEL:-
The used method of covering openings from doors, windows, and corridors is
by using a lintel the thickness of lintel is 150mm.
SUNSHADE:-
This is provided to avoid drizzling of rain to enter the building. The thickness
of sunshade is 75 mm uniform throughout and is having a projection of 700mm from the face
of the wall.
ROOFING:-
The roofing will be of R.C.C M20 grade with 180 mm thick and it is designed
as two way slab.
COLUMN AND FOOTING:-
The column is of the size 0.2 X 0.2. The footings are the size of 1.7 x 1.7 with
0.4m depth.
FLOORING:-
This will be of R.C.C 1:2:4 150 mm thick using 40mm nominal size HBG
metal over the wall compacted river sand cushion which is 150 mm thick the top of the floor
is finished with C.M.
DAMP PROOF COURSE:-

The damp proofing of a building is achieved by using a suitable material which
should satisfy the following requirement.
i) It should be imperious to moisture
ii) It should be stable in loaded and unloaded condition.
iii) It should not be distributed by the effect of dead load coming over the surface
iv) Damp proofing properly should remain constant with lapse of time in this
project the CM of 3 cm is used as DPC.
DOORS AND WINDOWS:-

The primary purpose of doors is serve as a means of communication from one
room to another room. Secondly in combination with windows provides ventilators.
PLASTERING:-
Plastering for the ceiling is in CM 1:3, plastering for walls if 1:5 with 10 cm
curing is done locally available portable water.
WHITE WASHING:-
White washing is done by using white cement over the plastered surface of
internal walls to improve its appearance.
WEATHERING COURSE:-
This will be in brick jelly works with lime of 40% and over which that tiles are
laid in oiled mortar required slope may be maintained.
COLOUR WASHING:-
The color wash is applied in one or the more coats over the first coat of white
wash 5% of gum is added to the solution. The application is similar.
STEEL:-
This steel used in the design of the R.C.C member is Fe 415.
LIST OF SYMBOLS
LIST OF SYMBOLS
A - Area
b - Breath of footing or shorter dimension of rectangular
column.
d - Effective depth
D - Over all depth
DL - Dead load
DF - Depth of foundation
LL - Live load
Ag - Cross sectional area of the concrete
DF - Depth of foundation
Mu - Bending moment
ast - Area of steel in tension
- shear force
Leff - Effective length

L - Length of the column
fck - Characteristic strength of concrete
Fy - Characteristic strength of steel
Ast - Total cross section area of stirrup legs (or) bent up bars
with in a distance.
sv - spacing of the stirrup or bent up bars along the length of
the member.
X - Depth of the neutral axis
C/c - Center to center
# - Fe 415 (R.T.S)
- Mild steel
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
 SLAB DESIGN
DESIGN OF SLAB -1:-
Clear span = 6200mm x 2900 mm
Wall thickness = 200 mm
Live load = 3 kN/m2
Floor finish = 1 kN/m2
M20 and Fe 415
Solution:
Ly/Lx = = 2.13 > 2
Hence it is one way slab

To find the effective depth:
d =
d = 138.09 mm say 140 mm

Assume 10 mm dia with 15 mm clear cover
D = d + dia/2 + clear cover
= 140 + 10/2 + 5
= 160 mm
To find total load:
Considering 1 m width
Live load - 3 kN/m2
Floor finish - 1 kN/m2
Self load - 4 kN/m2 [lxbxdx25 = 1 x 1 x 0.16 x 25 = 4]
Total load - 8 kN/m2
To find factored load:
Factor load wu - Total load x 1.5
= 8 x 1.5
= 12 kN/m2
Factor Moment:
Mu = Fdl2/8
= 12x3.042/8
= 13.86x106 N-mm
Effective length for strength:
d =
= 70.86mm < 140 depth safe

i) Reinforcement :-
a) Ast at shorter direction:-
Mu = 0.87 fy ast d [1- ]
13.86x106 = 0.87 415 ast 140 [1- ]
Ast = 280 mm2
Spacing s =
= 280.49 say 250 mm c/c

3d = 3 x 140 = 420 mm c/c
300 mm c/c
b) Ast min =
= 192 mm2
Spacing s =
= 409.06 say 400 mm c/c

5d = 3 x 140 = 700 mm c/c
450 mm c/c
Provide 8mm dia Fe415 steel 400 mm c/c
Check for deflection:
Spacing = ast / Ast x 100
300= ( x102/4) / ast x 1000
Ast = 261.79 mm2

% of steel = Ast / bd x 100
= 261.79 / 1000x140 x 100
= 0.18
From graph M.F = 1.4
D = Eff.span / B.V x M.F
= 2900 / 20 x 1.4
= 103.57 mm > 110 mm
Hence it is safe.
DESIGN OF SLAB -2:-
Live load = 3 kN/m2
M20 and Fe 415
Solution:
Ly/Lx = = 2.06 > 2
Hence it is one way slab

d =
d = 138.09 mm say 140 mm

= 140 + 10/2 + 5
= 160 mm
To find total load:
Live load - 3 kN/m2
= 8 x 1.5
= 12 kN/m2
Factor Moment:
Mu = Fdl2/8
= 12x3.042/8
= 13.86x106 N-mm
Effective length for strength:
d =
= 70.86mm < 140 depth safe

i) Reinforcement :-
a) Ast at shorter direction:-
Mu = 0.87 fy ast d [1- ]
13.86x106 = 0.87 415 ast 140 [1- ]
Ast = 280 mm2
Spacing s =
= 280.49 say 250 mm c/c

3d = 3 x 140 = 420 mm c/c
300 mm c/c
b) Ast min =
= 192 mm2
Spacing s =
= 409.06 say 400 mm c/c

5d = 3 x 140 = 700 mm c/c
450 mm c/c
Provide 8mm dia Fe415 steel 400 mm c/c
Spacing = ast / Ast x 100
300= ( x102/4) / ast x 1000
Ast = 261.79 mm2

% of steel = Ast / bd x 100
= 261.79 / 1000x140 x 100
= 0.18
From graph M.F = 1.4
D = Eff.span / B.V x M.F
= 2900 / 20 x 1.4
= 103.57 mm > 110 mm
Hence it is safe.
DESIGN OF SLAB -3:-

Live load = 3 kN/m2
M20 and Fe 415
Solution:
Ly/Lx = = 1.06 > 2
Hence it is two way slab

d =
d = 138.09 mm say 140 mm

= 140 + 10/2 + 5
= 160 mm
To find total load:
Live load - 3 kN/m2
= 8 x 1.5
= 12 kN/m2
To find effective length:
Clear span + wall thickness = 2900 + 230 = 3130 mm
Clear span + effective depth = 2900 + 140 = 3040 mm
Negative moment:
x = 1.0 = 0.032
1.06 = ?
1.1 = 0.037
x = 0.032 + x (1.0 –
1.06)
= 0.035
y = 0.032
Positive moment:
x = 1.0 = 0.024
1.06 = ?
1.1 = 0.028
x = 0.024 + x (1.0 –
1.06)
= 0.026
y = 0.024
To find the factor moment:

-Mux = x x wu x lx2
= 0.035 x 12 x 3.042
= 3.88 kN-m
-Muy = y x wu x lx2
= 0.032 x 12 x 3.042
= 3.5 kN-m
+Mux = x x wu x lx2
= 0.026x 12 x 3.042
= 2.88 kN-m
+Muy = y x wu x lx2
= 0.024 x 12 x 3.042
= 2.66 kN-m
Depth of considered strength:
-Mux = Qu bd2
3.88x106 = 2.76 x 1000 x d2
d =
d = 54.10mm < 140 mm
To find minimum reinforcement:
ast = 194 mm2

To find area of steel of main reinforcement (Ast1):
-Mux = 0.87 fy Ast d
3.88x106 = 0.87 x 415 x 140 x Ast
Ast =80 mm2

Spacing of main reinforcement:
i)
= 981.74 mm c/c say 950 mm c/c

ii) 3d = 3 x 140 = 420 mm c/c
iii) 300 mm c/c
Provide 10 mm dia with 300 mm centre to centre

-Muy = 0.87 fy Ast d
3.5x106 = 0.87 x 415 x 140 x Ast
Ast = 70 mm2
i)
= 1121.99mm c/c say 1120 mm c/c

ii) 3d = 3 x 140 = 420 mm c/c
iii) 300 mm c/c

+Mux = 0.87 fy Ast d
2.8x106 = 0.87 x 415 x 140 x Ast
Ast = 55 mm2
i)
= 1427.99 mm c/c say 1400 mm c/c

ii) 3d = 3 x 140 = 420 mm c/c
iii) 300 mm c/c

+Muy = 0.87 fy Ast d
2.6x106 = 0.87 x 415 x 140 x Ast
Ast = 50mm2
i)
= 1570.79 mm c/c say 1550 mm c/c

ii) 3d = 3 x 150 = 450 mm c/c
iii) 300 mm c/c

Design of torsion reinforcement:
Length of mesh = lx/5 = 2900/5 = 580mm
Area of mesh reinforcement = ¾ x 80 x 0.58
= 34.8mm2
Length of middle and edge strip:
Length of middle strip in shorter span = ¾ lx = ¾ x 2900 = 2175 mm
Length of edge strip in shorter span = lx/8 = 2900/8 = 362.5 mm
Length of middle strip in longer span = ¾ ly = ¾ x 3100 = 2325 mm
Length of edge strip in longer span = ly/8 = 3100/8 = 387.5 mm
Percentage of steel:
ast = 261.80 mm2
= 0.18%
d=
= 120.83 mm < 140mm

Hence it is safe.
DESIGN OF SLAB - 4:-
Live load = 3 kN/m2
M20 and Fe 415
Solution:
Ly/Lx = =2
Hence it is two way slab

d =
=
d = 142.85 mm say 140 mm

= 140 + 10/2 + 5
= 160 mm
To find total load:
Live load - 3 kN/m2

= 7 x 1.5
= 10.5 kN/m2
To find effective length:
Clear span + wall thickness = 3000 + 230 = 3230 mm
Clear span + effective depth = 3000 + 160 = 3160 mm
Negative moment:
x = 0.065
y = 0.032
Positive moment:
x = 0.049
y = 0.024
To find the factor moment:

-Mux = x x wu x lx2
= 0.065 x 10.5 x 3.162

= 6.82 kN-m
-Muy = y x wu x lx2
= 0.032 x 10.5 x 3.162

= 3.3 kN-m
+Mux = x x wu x lx2
= 0.049 x 10.5 x 3.162

= 5.13 kN-m
+Muy = y x wu x lx2
= 0.024 x 10.5 x 3.162

= 2.5 kN-m
Depth of considered strength:
-Mux = Qu bd2
6.82x106 = 2.76 x 1000 x d2
d =
d = 49.70mm < 140 mm

To find minimum reinforcement:
ast = 192 mm2

-Mux = 0.87 fy Ast d
6.82x106 = 0.87 x 415 x 140 x Ast
Ast = 138 mm2

i)
= 569.13 mm c/c say 550 mm c/c

ii) 3d = 3 x 140 = 420 mm c/c
iii) 300 mm c/c

-Muy = 0.87 fy Ast d
3.3x106 = 0.87 x 415 x 140 x Ast
Ast = 70 mm2
i)
= 1121.99mm c/c say 1100 mm c/c

ii) 3d = 3 x 140 = 420 mm c/c
iii) 300 mm c/c
+Mux = 0.87 fy Ast d
5.13x106 = 0.87 x 415 x 140 x Ast
Ast = 100 mm2

i)
= 785.39 mm c/c say 750 mm c/c

ii) 3d = 3 x 140 = 420 mm c/c
iii) 300 mm c/c

+Muy = 0.87 fy Ast d
2.5x106 = 0.87 x 415 x 140 x Ast
Ast = 50 mm2
i)
= 1570.79 mm c/c say 1500 mm c/c

ii) 3d = 3 x 140 = 420 mm c/c
iii) 300 mm c/c

Design of torsion reinforcement:
Length of mesh = lx/5 = 3000/5 = 600mm
Area of mesh reinforcement = ¾ x 138 x 0.6
= 62.1 mm2
Length of middle and edge strip:

Length of middle strip in shorter span = ¾ lx = ¾ x 3000 = 2250 mm
Length of edge strip in shorter span = lx/8 = 3000/8 = 375 mm
Length of middle strip in longer span = ¾ ly = ¾ x 6000 = 4500 mm
Length of edge strip in longer span = ly/8 = 6000/8 = 750 mm
Percentage of steel:
ast = 261.80 mm2
= 0.18 %
d=
= 125 mm < 140mm

Shear stress(Vu):
=
= 31500 N
Nominal shear ( u):
= 0.23N/mm
Hence it is safe.
 DESIGN OF BEAM
DESIGN OF BEAM:-
Data:
b = 200 mm; d = 350 mm
d = 300 – effective cover = 350 – 40 = 310 mm
Mu = 195 kNm fck = 20 N/mm2; fy = 415 N/mm2
Mu = 195x106 N.mm
Mulim = Qubd2
For M20 fe 415 grade Qu = 2.76

Mulim = 2.76 x 200 x 3102
= 53.04x106
Excess design moment MuA = 53.04x106 – 195x106
= 141.96x106 N-mm
% of Ast = 0.96 %
Ast1 =
= = 595.2 mm2
Area of tension steel required for MuA
Ast2 =
= 1456.24 mm2
Ast = Ast1 + Ast2 = 595.2 + 1456.24 = 2051.44
mm2
Area of compression reinforcement (Asc)
= = 0.12
Design stress in compression steel from table

Fsc = 412.07 N/mm2
Ast = =
= 1275.94 mm2
Provide 3 nos of 16 mm dia bars as tension reinforcement
=3x 162 = 603.18 mm2
Provide 4 nos 12 mm dia bars as compression reinforcement

=4x 122 = 452.4 mm2
 DESIGN OF COLUMN
DESIGN OF COLUMN:
Data :
P = 280 kN
Fy = 415 N/mm2
Fck = 20 N/mm2
Given column Square column
Let as assume asc = 1% of Ag
Asc = 0.001 ag
Area of concrete Ac = Ag – Asc
= Ag – 0.01 Ag
Ac = 0.99 Ag
Factor load Pu = 1.5 P
= 1. 5X 280
= 420 kN
i) Size of column:
Pu = 0.4 fck Ac + 0.67 fy asc
420x103 = (0.4 x 20 x 0.99Ag) + (0.67 x 415 x 0.01 Ag)
= 7.29 ag + 2.78 Ag
Ag = 41708.04 mm2
Since it is a rectangular column

Ag = a2
A2 = 41708.04
A=
A = 204.22 say 200 mm

Size of column:-
B = 200 mm ; d = 200 mm ; Ag = 200 x 200 = 40000 mm2
Longitudinal reinforcement (Asc)
i) Asc = 0.01 Ag
= 0.01 x 40000
= 400 mm2
Assume 12mm dia bars No of 12 mm dia bars
No of bars required =
= 3.53 say 4 nos

Use 12 mm dia bars longitudinal bars 4 nos
Design of lateral ties:
Diameter:
a) ¼ x 12 = 3mm
b) Not less than 5 say 6 mm dia bar
Pitch:
a) LLD = 300mm
b) 16 x 12 = 192 mm say 190 mm
c) 300 mm
Provide 6mm dia laterals at 190mm c/c

 DESIGN OF FOOTING
DESIGNOF FOOTING:
a) Data :
SBC of soil = 150 kN/m2
P = 420 kN
Size of square column = 200 x 200mm

M20 and Fe 415
b) To calculate total load:
Load on column = 420 kN
Assume self weight of following

10 % of column load } = 42.0 kN
Total load = 462 kN
c) Size of footing
Area of footing =
= 3.08 m2
For square column = a2
A2 = 3.08
A =
= 1.75 m
Size of footing = 1.7 x 1.7 m

d) Upward pressure:
P =
=
= 217.99 kN/m2
e) Factor Moment:
Mu = shaded area x P xcentroid
= 1.7x 0.75 x 217.99 x 0.75/2
= 104.22 kN.m
= 104.22x106 N/m
f) Depth of footing required:
d =
= 143.74 mm
Considering the effect of punching shear the arrived effective depth is
taken as twice the time.
Effective depth = 143.77 x 2
= 287.48 mm say 290 mm
Assume 12mm dia with 40 mm clear cover
D = d + d/2 + clear cover
= 290+ 12/2 + 40
= 336 mm say 340 mm
g) Area of steel:
Mu = 0.87 fy ast d [1- ]

104.22x106 = 0.87 415 ast 340 [1- ]
Ast = 876.60 say 880 mm2
Assume 12 mm dia bars
No of bars required = = 7.78 nos say 8 nos
Provide 8Nos of 12 mm dia bars both directions.
 DESIGN OF LINTEL AND
SUNSHADE
DESIGN OF LINTEL:
Size of lintel = 200 x 150 mm

Assuming clear cover of 25 mm and 12 mm dia bars
d = 150 – 25 – 12/2 = 119 mm
Effective span:
Clear span + d = 1 + 0.119 = 1.119 m
Height above the lintel = 1.2 m
Height of masonry above the opening = 1.2 m
Height of masonry above the lintel = 1.2 – 0.15 = 1.05 m
0.866l = 0.866 x 1.2 = 1.04 m
Load on lintel
Self weight of lintel = 1 x 0.2 x 0.15 x 25 = 0.75 KN/m
Weight of masonry = 1 x 0.2 x 1.05x 19 = 3.99 KN/m
Total load w = 4.74 KN/m
Factored load Fd = w x 1.5 = 4.74 x 1.5 = 7.11 KN/m
Factored moment Mu = Fdl2/8

= 7.11 x 1.1192 / 8
= 1.18 KNm
Area of steel:
Mu = 0.87 fy ast d [1- ]
1.18x106 = 0.87 250 ast 119 [1- ]
Ast = 46.81 mm2

Provide 2 nos. of 10 mm dia bars at bottom and 2 nos. of 8 mm dia
bars at top as hanger bars.
DESIGN OF SUN SHADE:
Thickness of sunshade = 50 mm
Effective projection = 600 mm
Imposed load = 750 N/m2
consider 1 m width of sunshade
Imposed load = 1 x 0.6 x 0.75
= 0.45 KN = 450 N
Self weight = 1x 0.6 x 0.05 x 25
= 0.75 KN = 750 N
Total load = 1200 N
Factored load Fd = 1200 x 1.5
= 1500 N
Factored moment =
= 540 Nm
Effective depth required d =
= 16 mm
Providing 6 mm dia bars with a nominal cover of 15 mm
Effective depth available = 50 – 15 – 6/2 = 32 mm
Adopt d= 32 mm ; D = 50 mm
Main reinforcement (Ast)
Mulim = Qubd2 = 2.23 x 1000 x 322 = 2.284x106 Nmm
Mu = 0.87 fy ast d [1- ]
540x103 = 0.87 250 ast 32 [1- ]
Ast = 81 mm2
Ast min =
= 75 mm2
Spacing s = = = 345 mm
S = 3x 32 = 96 mm & 300 mm
Hence spacing of 6 mm dia bars = 95 mm
Provide 6 mm dia mild steel bars @ 95 mm c/c
Distributors:
Ast min =
= 75 mm2
= 75 x 0.6 = 45 mm2 per 0.6 m width.
Provide 2 nos. of 6 mm dia 2 x = 56.5 mm2
i) S = 5d = 5x 32 = 160 mm
ii) S= = = 500 mm
iii) S = 450 mm
DETAILED ESTIMATE
Item. Dimensions
Description No’s
No Quantity Remarks
L B D
1. Earth work excavation in foundation
Columns 117 1.7 1.7 2.5 845.32
Walls all-around 1 140.4 0.2 0.2 5.61
Walls between workers,
6 9.7 0.2 0.2
R5 & entrance 2.32
Walls between G-
4 3.1 0.2 0.2
Toilets 0.49
Walls between workers
16 6.0 0.2 0.2
& R1 3.84
Walls between R11,
4 9.8 0.2 0.2
R12, R13& verandah 1.56
Walls between G-Toilet
4 6.2 0.2 0.2
& L-Toilet 0.99
Walls between R17 &
4 3.0 0.2 0.2
verandah 0.48
Walls between R18 &
7 6.2 0.2 0.2
R19 1.73
Portico 1 20.4 0.2 0.2 0.81
In staircase 1 2 0.2 0.2 0.08
For steps 3 2.0 1.0 0.15 0.90
For ramp 1 2.0 1.3 0.15 0.39
864.52 m3
2. Cement concrete 1:4:8 in foundations
Column base 170 1.7 1.7 0.1 49.13 m3
R.C.C 1:2:4 in columns footings plinth beam roof beams and lintels excluding
3.
reinforcement.
Column footing:
Square 170 1.7 1.7 0.4 196.52
0.5
Trapezium 170 124.53
321.05 m3
Column 170 0.2 0.2 5.7 38.76 m3
Plinth beam :
Walls all-around 1 140.4 0.2 0.3 8.42
6 9.7 0.2 0.3
R5 & entrance 3.49
Walls between G-
4 3.1 0.2 0.3
Toilets 0.74
16 6.0 0.2 0.3
& R1 5.76
Walls between R11,
4 9.8 0.2 0.3
4 6.2 0.2 0.3
& L-Toilet 1.48
Walls between R17 &
4 3.0 0.2 0.3
verandah 0.72
Walls between R18 &
7 6.2 0.2 0.3
R19 2.60
Portico 1 20.4 0.2 0.3 1.22
In staircase 1 2 0.2 0.3 0.12
26.9 m3
Roof beams:
Walls all-around 1 140.4 0.2 0.3 8.42
6 9.7 0.2 0.3
R5 & entrance 3.49
Walls between G-
4 3.1 0.2 0.3
Toilets 0.74
16 6.0 0.2 0.3
& R1 5.76
Walls between R11,
4 9.8 0.2 0.3
4 6.2 0.2 0.3
& L-Toilet 1.48
Walls between R17 &
4 3.0 0.2 0.3
verandah 0.72
Walls between R18 &
7 6.2 0.2 0.3
R19 2.60
Portico 1 20.4 0.2 0.3 1.22
In staircase 1 2 0.2 0.3 0.12
26.9 m3
Lintels :
Collapsible gate 2 2.3 0.2 0.15 0.13
Collapsible gate-1 1 3.3 0.2 0.15 0.09
Flush door (D) 8 1.2 0.2 0.15 0.28
Window (W) 14 1.8 0.2 0.15 0.75
Rolling shutter (RS) 22 2.8 0.2 0.15 1.84
3.09 m3
4. Sand filling in basement
R1 8 2.9 6.0 0.45 62.64
R2 8 3.1 2.9 0.45 32.36
R11 10 6.0 3.0 0.45 81.00
L-Toilet 4 6.2 2.9 0.45 32.36
Portico 1 10.0 5.0 0.45 22.50
Entrance 1 6.4 12.6 0.45 36.28
Verandah 1 16.4 9.8 0.45 72.32
Passage 2m wide 1 29.6 2.0 0.45 26.64
Passage 1.6m wide 2 29.6 1.6 0.45 42.62
Passage 2.1m wide 2 12.6 2.1 0.45 23.81
Passage 1.9m wide 2 6.2 1.9 0.45 10.60
443.13 m3
5. Flooring with lime concrete 125 mm thick, finished with C.C 1:2:4, 25 mm thick
R1 8 2.9 6.0 - 139.20
R2 8 3.1 2.9 - 71.92
R11 10 6.0 3.0 - 180.00
L-Toilet 4 6.2 2.9 - 71.92
Portico 1 10.0 5.0 - 50.00
Entrance 1 6.4 12.6 - 80.64
Verandah 1 16.4 9.8 - 160.72
Passage 2m wide 1 29.6 2.0 - 59.20
Passage 1.6m wide 2 29.6 1.6 - 94.72
Passage 2.1m wide 2 12.6 2.1 - 52.92
Passage 1.9m wide 2 6.2 1.9 - 23.56
For steps 3 2.0 1.0 - 6.00
For ramp 1 2.0 1.3 - 2.60
993.4 m2
6. Damp proof course in C.M.1:3, 25 mm thick
Walls all-around 1 140.4 0.2 - 28.08
6 9.7 0.2 -
R5 & entrance 11.64
Walls between G-
4 3.1 0.2 -
Toilets 2.48
16 6.0 0.2 -
& R1 19.20
Walls between R11,
4 9.8 0.2 -
4 6.2 0.2 -
& L-Toilet 4.96
Walls between R17 &
4 3.0 0.2 -
verandah 2.40
Walls between R18 &
7 6.2 0.2 -
R19 8.68
Portico 1 20.4 0.2 - 4.08
89.36 m2
7. Brick work in C.M 1:6
Walls all-around 1 140.4 0.2 3.9 109.51
6 9.7 0.2 3.9
R5 & entrance 45.39
Walls between G-
4 3.1 0.2 3.9
Toilets 9.67
16 6.0 0.2 3.9
& R1 74.88
Walls between R11,
4 9.8 0.2 3.9
4 6.2 0.2 3.9
& L-Toilet 19.34
Walls between R17 &
4 3.0 0.2 3.9
verandah 9.36
Walls between R18 &
7 6.2 0.2 3.9
R19 33.85
Parapet wall 1 140.4 0.2 0.6 16.84
For ramp 1 2.0 1.2 0.6/2 0.72
For steps:
First step 3 2.0 0.9 0.15 0.81
Second step 3 2.0 0.6 0.15 0.54
Third step 3 2.0 0.3 0.15 0.27
Deduct for openings:
Collapsible gate 2 2.0 0.2 2.1 1.68
Collapsible gate-1 1 3.0 0.2 2.1 1.26

Flush door (D) 8 0.9 0.2 2.1 3.02
Window (W) 14 1.5 0.2 1.2 5.04
Ventilator (V) 4 0.9 0.2 0.45 0.32
Rolling shutter (RS) 22 2.5 0.2 2.4 26.40
314.03 m3
8. R.C.C 1:2:4 in roof slab and sunshades
Slab 1 30.0 35.0 0.15 157.50
Out space 1 2.8 9.4 0.15 3.94(-)
Portico 1 10.4 5.2 0.15 8.11
Continuous Sunshade –
1 40.6 0.7 0.75
1 21.31
Continuous Sunshade –
2 35.6 0.7 0.75
2 37.38
220.36 m3
10.. Weathering course 100 mm thick in lime concrete
Slab 1 29.6 34.6 - 1024.16
Out space 1 2.8 9.4 - 26.32 (-)
997.84 m2
11. Plastering with C.M 1:5 12 mm thick

R1 8 17.8 - 3.9 555.36
R2 8 12 - 3.9 374.40
R11 10 18.0 - 3.9 702.00
L-Toilet 4 18.2 - 3.9 283.92
Entrance 2 6.4 - 3.9 49.92
Verandah 2 9.8 - 3.9 76.44
Passage 2m wide 1 53.4 - 3.9 208.26
Passage 1.6m wide 2 40.6 - 3.9 316.68
Passage 2.1m wide 2 13.2 - 3.9 102.96
Passage 1.9m wide 2 14.3 - 3.9 111.54
All-around outside wall 1 141.2 - 5.15 727.18
Parapet wall 1 139.6 - 0.6 83.76
Top of parapet 1 140.4 0.2 - 28.08
Collapsible gate 2x2 2.0 - 2.1 16.80
Collapsible gate-1 2x1 3.0 - 2.1 12.60
Flush door (D) 2x8 0.9 - 2.1 30.24
Window (W) 2x14 1.5 - 1.2 50.40
Ventilator (V) 2x4 0.9 - 0.45 3.24
Rolling shutter (RS) 2x22 2.5 - 2.4 264.00
3243.22 m2
12. Ceiling plastering with C.M 1:3 12 mm thick
R1 8 2.9 6.0 - 139.20
R2 8 3.1 2.9 - 71.92
R11 10 6.0 3.0 - 180.00
L-Toilet 4 6.2 2.9 - 71.92
Portico 1 10.0 5.0 - 50.00
Entrance 1 6.4 12.6 - 80.64
Verandah 1 16.4 9.8 - 160.72
Passage 2m wide 1 29.6 2.0 - 59.20
Passage 1.6m wide 2 29.6 1.6 - 94.72
Passage 2.1m wide 2 12.6 2.1 - 52.92
Passage 1.9m wide 2 6.2 1.9 - 23.56
984.8 m2
13. White washing 2 coats
R1 8 17.8 - 3.9 555.36
R2 8 12 - 3.9 374.40
R11 10 18.0 - 3.9 702.00
L-Toilet 4 18.2 - 3.9 283.92
Entrance 2 6.4 - 3.9 49.92
Verandah 2 9.8 - 3.9 76.44
Passage 2m wide 1 53.4 - 3.9 208.26
Passage 1.6m wide 2 40.6 - 3.9 316.68
Passage 2.1m wide 2 13.2 - 3.9 102.96
Passage 1.9m wide 2 14.3 - 3.9 111.54
All-around outside wall 1 141.2 - 5.15 727.18
Parapet wall 1 139.6 - 0.6 83.76
Top of parapet 1 140.4 0.2 - 28.08
Collapsible gate 2x2 2.0 - 2.1 16.80
Collapsible gate-1 2x1 3.0 - 2.1 12.60
Flush door (D) 2x8 0.9 - 2.1 30.24
Window (W) 2x14 1.5 - 1.2 50.40
Ventilator (V) 2x4 0.9 - 0.45 3.24
Rolling shutter (RS) 2x22 2.5 - 2.4 264.00
3243.22 m2
SUB - DATA
SUB DATA
C.M 1:5 - 1 m3
Qty Description Rate Per Amount

288 kg Cement 5980.00 Tone 1722.20
1 m3 Sand 768.00 M3 768.00
1 m3 Mixing charges 40.00 M3 40.00
Rate for 1 m3 Rs 2530.20
C.M 1:2 - 1 m3

720 kg Cement 5980.00 Tone 4305.60
1 m3 Sand 768.00 M3 768.00
C.M 1:3 - 1 m3

480 kg Cement 5980.00 Tone 2870.40
1 m3 Sand 768.00 M3 768.00
C.M 1:4 – 1 m3

360 kg Cement 5986.00 Tone 2152.80
1 m3 Sand 768.00 M3 768.00
CM 1:6 - 1 m3

240 kg Cement 5986.00 Tone 1435.20
1 m3 Sand 768.00 M3 768.00
Lime Mortar 1:5 - 1 m3

0.5 m3 Lime 980 M3 490.00
1 m3 Sand 768.00 M3 768.00
1 m3 Grinding charges 40.00 M3 200.00
Brick jelly lime concrete in CM 1:2 - 1 m3

9.5 m3 Brick jelly 20 mm 1360.00 M3 12.920
3.8 m3 Lime mortar 1458.00 M3 5540.40
1.8 Nos Masson II class 300.00 Day 540.00
17.1 Nos Mazdoor I class 200.00 Day 3420.00
14.1 Nos Mazdoor II class 150.00 Day 2115.00
MAIN - DATA
S.No Qty Description Rate Per Amount
Earth work
1. 10 m3 70 m3 700.00
excavation
2. Cement concrete 1:4:8 for foundation using 40mm HGB metal – 10m3
9.5 m3 Broken stone 40mm 4490.00 m3 42655.00
3 3
3.8 m C.M 1:4 3584.30 m 13620.34
3.8 Nos Mason I class 243.00 Day 923.40
1.8 Nos Mason II class 218.00 Day 392.40
3
Rate for 10 m 62245.04
3
3. R.C.C 1:2:4 for R.C.C works – 10 m
9.0 m3 Broken stone 40 mm 4490.00 M3 40410.00
3 3
4.5 m Sand 1682.50 M 6898.25
3230 kg Cement 5150.00 Tonne 16634.50
3
Rate for 10 m 65510.00
3
4. Sand filling in basement-1 m
1 m3 Earthen sand 380.00 1 m3 380.00
3
Rate for 1 m 380.00
2
5. Flooring with cement concrete 1:4:8 for 130 mm – 10m
C.C 1:4:8 for 130 mm
1.3 m2 6224.50 M2 8091.85
thick
0.875 Floor finish with CM
4202.30 M3 3678.40
1:3
Rate for 10 m2 11770.25
2
6. Damp proof course in C.M.1:3, 25 mm thick-1 m
D.P.C for all walls in
1 m2 120.00 1 m2 120.00
C.M. 1:3
Rate for 1 m2 120.00
7. Brick work in CM 1:6 using I class brick in super structure-10 m3
4500
I Class brick 5210.00 1000 23445.00
Nos
2.7 m3 Cement mortar 1:6 2966.30 1 m3 8009.01
3.5 Nos Mason I class 243.00 Day 850.50
3
Rate for 10 m 36884.41
8. Brick work in C.M 1:6 partition wall (100 mm thick) – 10 m 3
5000 nos I Class brick 5210.00 1000 26050.00
3 3
1.4 m Cement mortar 1:6 2966.30 1m 4152.82
7 Nos Mason I class 243.00 Day 1701.00
3
Rate for 10 m 35517.72
9. R.C.C 1:2:4 for 150 mm thick slab and sunshade-1 m3
1 m3 C.C 1:2:4 6551.00 M3 6551.00
80 kg Steel reinforcement 39850.00 T 3188.00
2 2
15 m Centering charge 200.00 M 3000.00
8 kg Binding wire 42.00 kg 336.00
80 kg Steel fabrication 4.20 kg 336.00
3
Rate for 1 m 13411.00
3
10. R.C.C 1.2:4 for 230 x 230 mm size of column – 1 m
0.9 m3 C.C 1:2:4 6551.00 M3 6551.00
120 kg Reinforcement 39850.00 Tone 4782.00
1.2 kg Binding wire 60.00 Kg 72.00
2 2
13.33 m Centering charge 200.00 M 266.60
3
Rate for 1 m 12175.00
3
11. R.C.C 1.2:4 for plinth beam, beam and lintel – 1 m
0.9 m3 C.C 1:2:4 6551.00 M3 5895.90
80 kg Reinforcement 39850.00 Tone 3188.00
1.5 kg Binding wire 60.00 Kg 90.00
2 2
16.67 m shuttering charge 200.00 M 3334.00
3
Rate for 1 m 12843.90
Weathering course with brick jelly lime concrete in cm 75 mm thick laid over
12.
with course of flat tiles set in CM 1:2 - 10 m2
0.63 m3 Brick jelly lime
55909.84 10 m3 3522.32
concrete in CM 1:2
13 kg Crude oil 15.00 Kg 195.00
1.1 Nos Mason class I 243.00 Day 267.30
2
Rate for 10 m 4318.52
2
13. Plastering the walls with CM 1:5 12 mm thick – 10 m
0.12 m3 Cement mortar 1:5 3213.50 M3 385.62
2.2 Nos Masson I class 243.00 Day 534.60
2
Rate for 10 m 1024.32
2
14. Ceiling plastering with C.M 1:3 12 mm thick-10 m
0.12 m3 Cement mortar 1:5 4202.30 M3 504.28
2.2 Nos Masson I class 243.00 Day 534.60
2
Rate for 10 m 1142.98
2
15. White washing walls ceiling two coats – 100 m
Shell lime fine
1 m3 979.00 M3 979.00
screened water
L.S Sunrise including - 10m2 50.00
2
L.S Brushes - 10m 100.00
1.6 Nos Painter I class 196.00 Day 313.60
2.7 Nos Painter II class 181.00 Day 488.70
2
Rate for 100 m 1931.30
16. Color washing walls ceiling two coats – with lime fine screened lime – 100m2
White washing two
100 m2 1931.30 10m2 1931.30
coats
Add extra 50% of
1931.30 - 965.65
colour pigment
Rate for 100 m2 2896.95
ABSTRACT ESTIMATE
864.52m3 Earth work excavation for foundation 700.00 10 m3 60516.40
49.13 m3 Cement concrete 1:4:8 for foundation 62245.04 10 m3 305809.90
443.13m3 Sand filling in basement 380.00 1 m3 168389.40

Flooring with lime concrete 125 mm thick,
993.40 m2 11770.25 10 m3 1169256.60
finished with C.C 1:2:4, 25 mm thick
89.36m2 Damp proof course in C.M.1:3, 25 mm thick 120.00 1 m2 10723.20
314.03m3 Brick work in super structure with CM 1:6 36884.41 10 m3 1158281.10
220.36 m3 R.C.C 1:2:4 for 150 mm slab and sunshade 13411.00 1 m3 2955248.00
R.C.C 1.2:4 for 230 x 230 mm size of
359.81 m3 12175.00 1 m3 4380687.00
column & footing
56.89m3 R.C.C 1.2:4 for plinth beam, beam & lintels 12843.9 1 m3 730689.50
Weathering course with C.M 1:2 with flat
997.84 m2 4318.52 10 m2 430919.20
tiles (150 x 150 x 12 mm)
3243.22m2 Plastering with C.M 1:5 12mm thick 1024.32 10 m2 332209.50
984.80m2 Ceiling plastering with C.M 1:3 12 mm thick 1142.98 10 m2 112560.70
22 Nos Rolling shutter(RS) 8000.00 1 No 176000.00
3 Nos Collapsible gate (C.G) 8000.00 1 No 24000.00
8 Nos Thick wood Doors (D) 4000.00 1 No 32000.00
14 Nos windows (w) 2200.00 1 No 30800.00
4 Nos ventilators(V) 1500.00 1 No 6000.00
3243.22m2 White washing in all over the building 1931.30 100m2 62636.31
3243.22m2 Color washing in all the building 2896.95 100m2 93954.46
Total cost 12240681.27

L.S.Add Estimated Cost for
5% of Electrification works = RS. 612034.06
5%s of Water supply works = RS. 612034.06
5% of Sanitry works = RS. 612034.06
________________
TOTAL = RS. 14076783.46
--------------------------
Total cost of the project = RS. 14076783.46

DRAWING
LIST OF REFERENCE
LIST OF REFERENCE
The various book for the completive the project are listed below
IS 456 – 2000 code practice for plain and RCC work
Resign aids for reinforcement concrete to is I.S. 456 – 2000
IS – 875 (Part - I) code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for
buildings and structures.
IS – 875 (Part - II) code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for
buildings and structures
Structural engineering and hand book.
National Building Code of India 2005.
Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures – S. Ramamurtham
Quantity Surveying – A.P.Arulmanikam, N. Muralikrishnuah
Estimating and Quantity surveying – R.K Gupta
Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures - Krishna Raju.N

CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
By doing this project we the students of our batch draw and prepare an
estimate for a “SHOPPING CENTER” we also now have a rough idea
about the various book available in design of R.C.C members
This estimate cost this project is nearly
Estimated cost = Rs. 14076783.46
Plinth area rate = Rs. 14076783.46 / 1023
= 13760.00
Total cost of the project = RS. 1,40,77,000.00
(One crore forty lakhs seventy seven thousand)

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PLANNING AND DESINGING OF SHOPPING CENTER

GUIDED BY: Mr. A.VIJAYASRI

In practical fulfillment of the Requirements for the award of Diploma in Civil

Project Report on 2011 – 2012

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

745 – RAJALAKSHMI POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

This is to certify that the project entitled “SHOPING CENTER” submitted by

…………………………………………………… Reg.No ……………………………………. for the award of Diploma in Civil

Mrs. VIJAYSRI, B.E Mrs. VIJAYSRI, B.E

Submitted for the board examination held on. .

Internal Examiner External Examiner

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

RAJALAKSHMI POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

We are delighted to thank everyone helped us finished this “SHOPPING

We thank to our Principal Thiru IYYANARAPPAN, M.E. and Directors of

We owe gratitude to the project guide Thirumathi A.VIJAYASRI B.E., HOD

Grateful Acknowledgement to Thiru S. MURALI B.E., Lecturer in civil

Engineering, Thiru P. HARIHARAN B.E., Lecturer in civil Engineering Thiru

THE FOLLOWING FACILITIES ARE MADE AVAILABLE,

SUB SOIL DATA:-

DAMP PROOF COURSE:-

DOORS AND WINDOWS:-

Leff - Effective length

Ly/Lx = = 2.13 > 2

Hence it is one way slab

d = 138.09 mm say 140 mm

= 70.86mm < 140 depth safe

Mu = 0.87 fy ast d [1- ]

13.86x106 = 0.87 415 ast 140 [1- ]

Ast = 280 mm2

= 280.49 say 250 mm c/c

= 409.06 say 400 mm c/c

Ast = 261.79 mm2

Ly/Lx = = 2.06 > 2

Hence it is one way slab

d = 138.09 mm say 140 mm

= 70.86mm < 140 depth safe

13.86x106 = 0.87 415 ast 140 [1- ]

Ast = 280 mm2

= 280.49 say 250 mm c/c

= 409.06 say 400 mm c/c

Ast = 261.79 mm2

DESIGN OF SLAB -3:-

Ly/Lx = = 1.06 > 2

Hence it is two way slab

d = 138.09 mm say 140 mm

To find the factor moment:

d = 54.10mm < 140 mm

To find minimum reinforcement:

ast = 194 mm2

-Mux = 0.87 fy Ast d

3.88x106 = 0.87 x 415 x 140 x Ast

Ast =80 mm2

= 981.74 mm c/c say 950 mm c/c

Provide 10 mm dia with 300 mm centre to centre

-Muy = 0.87 fy Ast d

3.5x106 = 0.87 x 415 x 140 x Ast

= 1121.99mm c/c say 1120 mm c/c