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Grade 8 Math Q1 M1

This document provides a lesson plan on factoring polynomials, with 3 lessons that teach how to factor polynomials with a common monomial factor, the difference of two squares, and the sum or difference of two cubes. It includes vocabulary definitions, examples, and assessment questions for each lesson to test students' understanding of factoring different types of polynomials.

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Renny Romero Luzada
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486 views

Grade 8 Math Q1 M1

This document provides a lesson plan on factoring polynomials, with 3 lessons that teach how to factor polynomials with a common monomial factor, the difference of two squares, and the sum or difference of two cubes. It includes vocabulary definitions, examples, and assessment questions for each lesson to test students' understanding of factoring different types of polynomials.

Uploaded by

Renny Romero Luzada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

MA

Quarter
TH 1
Module 1
LESSON 1
Factoring Completely Different Types of
Polynomials
LEARNING COMPETENCIES

 factors completely different types of polynomials


 Solves problems involving factors of polynomials.

Content Standards Performance Standards


 Demonstrates understanding of key  is able to formulate reallife problems
concepts of factors of polynomials, involving factors of polynomials, rational
rational Algebraic expressions, linear algebraic expressions, linear equations
equations and inequalities in two variables, And inequalities in two variables, systems
systems of linear equations and inequalities of linear equations and inequalities in two
in two variables and linear functions. variables and linear functions, and solve
these problems accurately using a variety
Of strategies.

I. Introduction:

A polynomial is one of the basic concepts in algebra. In Math 7, you learned how to
multiply two polynomials to get another polynomial. In most of our future work in
algebra, it is often necessary to express a polynomial as a product of other
polynomials. Factoring is the reverse process of multiplying polynomials. In this
module you will learn about factoring polynomials.

The figure below is a square made up of 36 tiles. Rearrange the tiles to create a
rectangle, having the same area as the original square.

How many such rectangles can you create? What do you consider in looking for the
other dimensions?

Factoring Polynomials with Common Monomial Factor

Vocabulary List:

Before you proceed reading to lesson 1, be sure to be familiarized with the following
terms listed below. It will help you understand this module better.

a. Binomial – is an algebraic expression consisting of two terms.


b. Common Factor – factor that repeatedly occurs in each term
c. Factor – an exact divisor of a number
d. Factors – terms to be multiplied to give the polynomial
e. Factoring – process of finding the factors of a polynomial
f. Greatest Common Factor (GCF) – is the greatest integer that is a factor of all
the given integers
g. Greatest Common Monomial Factor (GCMF) – the greatest factor contained
in every term of an algebraic expression
h. Monomial – an algebraic expression consisting of one term
i. Polynomial – a finite sum of terms each of which is a real number or the
product of a numerical factor and one or more variable factors
raised to a whole number power
j. Prime Number – is a number greater than one which has only two positive
factors: 1 and itself
k. Prime Polynomial – an irreducible polynomial with integral coefficient whose
greatest monomial factor is 1.
l. Trinomial – an algebraic expression consisting of three terms.

Factors, as defined in arithmetic books, are the numbers multiplied to get a product.

Example 1:

Factor 24.

24 = 1·24
= 2·12
= 3·8 Set of factors of 24
= 4·6

An important subset of the set of integers which is often used as the factor set is the
set of prime numbers. Recall that a prime number is an integer greater than 1 which
has only two factors, 1 and itself. The least prime number is 2. The other primes less
than 10 are 3,5, and 7. Any positive integer can be expressed as a product of primes.

24= 2·12
= 2·2·2·3
= 2³·3
24= 3·8
= 3·2·2·2
= 3·2³
24= 4·6
= 2·2·2·3
= 2³·3

Therefore, the prime factors of 24 are 2³ and 3.

The greatest common factor (GCF) of two or more integers is the greatest integer that
is a factor of all given integers.

Example 2: Find the GCF of 30 and 36.

30 = 2· 3 ·5 GCF = 2 · 3 = 6

36 = 2 · 2 · 3 · 3
The greatest common monomial factor (GCMF) of two or more monomials is the
product of the GCF of the numerical coefficient and the common variable factors.

Example 3: Find the GCMF of 24𝑎²𝑏 and 40𝑎²𝑏².

24𝑎²𝑏 = 2 · 2 · 2 · 3 · 𝑎 ·𝑎 · 𝑏
40𝑎²𝑏²= 2 · 2 · 2 · 5 · 𝑎 ·𝑎 · 𝑏 · 𝑏

GCMF= 2 · 2 · 2· 𝑎 · 𝑎 · 𝑏 = 2³𝑎²𝑏 = 8𝑎²𝑏

Note that the exponent of each variable in the GCMF is the same as the smallest
exponent of that variable in the given monomials. Factoring is the reverse of
multiplying polynomials.

Steps in Factoring Polynomials with Common Monomial Factor


Step 1: Find the greatest common factor of the numerical coefficients.
Step 2: Find the common variable with the least exponent that appears in each
term of the polynomial.
Step 3: The product of the GCF in step 1 and step 2 is the GCMF of the
polynomial.
Step 4: To completely factor the given polynomial, divide the polynomial by its
GCMF, the resulting quotient is the other factor.

Example 4: Factor 4𝑚²𝑛+10𝑚.

Solution:

Step 1: Find the GCF of 4 and 10. 2


Step 2: Find the common variable with the least exponent. 𝑚
Step 3: The GCMF is the product of step 1 and step 2. 2𝑚
LESSON 2
Factoring Difference of Two Squares

Vocabulary List:

 Difference of Two Squares – a binomial where the first and second terms are
perfect squares. The two terms are separated signs.
 Perfect Square – a number whose square root is a whole number.

Learning Activities:
Do you still remember the product of the sum and difference of the same two
terms? Well, that is (𝑎+𝑏)(𝑎−𝑏)=𝑎2−𝑏2. Using that form, you can reverse the process.

Steps in factoring the difference of two squares

Step 1: Get the principal square root of each of the two squares
Step 2: Using the principal square roots, form two factors, one a sum and the other
a difference.

Example 1: Is the binomial a difference of two squares?

a. 𝑛2−4
b. 𝑥6𝑦6−1
c. 𝑟5−9
d. 𝑧4−7
e. −25+𝑐4
Example 3: Factor completely
a. 𝑑4−81
b. 8𝑥2−50

Solution:
a. 𝑑4−81

LESSON 3
Factoring Sum or Difference of Two
Cubes
Vocabulary List:
a. Difference of Two Cubes - it is a difference of two terms which are both perfect
cubes
b. Sum of Two Cubes - it is a sum of two terms which are both perfect cubes
c. Perfect Cube – a number whose cube root is a whole number

Learning Activities:
Two other types of factoring are the sum of two cubes and their difference. Like the
difference of two squares, they follow a definite pattern.
Steps in factoring Sum or Difference of Two Cubes:

Step 1: Get the cube root of each cube.


Step 2: Taking the operation between the cubes, obtain a binomial factor using the
cube roots in step 1.
Step 3: Form the second trinomial factor as follows:
a. Square the first cube root.
b. Take the negative product of the cube root.
c. Square the second cube root.

Example 1: Factor 𝑦3+8

Solution: Step 1: Get the cube root of 𝑦3 and 8.

Step 2: Take the operation between 𝑦3 and 8 to obtain the binomial factor using
the cube roots. 𝑦+2

Step 3: Form the second trinomial factor by:


• Squaring the first cube root (𝑦)2=𝑦2
• Take the negative product of the cube root −(2·𝑦)=−2𝑦
• Square the second cube root. 22=4

Note: The sum of two cubes has two factors, one binomial and one trinomial. The binomial
factor is the sum of the cube roots of the given terms. The trinomial factor is made up of
the sum of the square of the first term of the binomial factor, the negative of the product of
the first and second terms of the binomial factor and the square of the second term of the
binomial factor.
Note: The difference of two cubes has two factors, one binomial and one trinomial. The
binomial factor is the difference of the cube roots of the given terms. The trinomial factor is
made up of the sum of the square of the first terms of the binomial factor, the positive of
the product of the first and second term of the binomial factor, and the square of the
second term of the binomial factor.

Example 3: Factor 8𝑟3+125𝑡6

Solution:
Step 1: Get the cube root of 8𝑟3 and 125𝑡6

Step 3: Form the second trinomial factor:


• Square the first cube root (2𝑟)2=4𝑟2
• Take the negative product of the cube root: − (2𝑟·5𝑡2)=−10𝑟𝑡2
• Square the second cube root (5𝑡2)=25𝑡4

Therefore, 8𝑟3+125𝑡6= (2𝑟+5𝑡2)(4𝑟2−10𝑟𝑡2+25𝑡4).


ASSESSMENT

TASK 1 ( For lesson 1)

Direction: Find the greatest common factor.

1. 𝑥4, 𝑥7
2. 𝑎𝑏2 , 𝑎2𝑏
3. 11𝑦 ,33
4. 16𝑚𝑛, 8𝑚2𝑛2

TASK 2 ( For lesson 2)

Direction: State whether each of the following binomials is the difference of two squares.
Write YES if it is and NO if it is not.

a. 𝑥8+64
b. 𝑎6−100
c. 4𝑥2−36
d. 14+𝑟2
e. −0.25+0.4𝑘4

TASK 3: (For lesson 3)

Direction : Factor the following completely.

1. 𝑦3+27
2. 𝑎3-64
3. 8𝑟3−1
4. 𝑥6+𝑦3
5. 𝑚6−𝑛6

REFERENCES:

Alfrez, M and Alfrez G. (2004). MSA Elementary Algebra. MSA Publishing House
Philippines Oronce, O. and Mendoza M. (2003). Exploring Mathematics. Rex Book
Store. Manila, Philippines
Torreliza, E. et.al. (1999). Moving Ahead with Mathematica II. FNB Educational
Inc., Philippines
Prepared by: Checked by :

Alma DC. Ortinero Jorge Bejamen R. Favenir


Subject- Teacher OIC Principal

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