Organizational Behaviour - Ii: Nptel

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ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - II
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DR. S. SRINIVASAN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, VGSOM, IIT KHARAGPUR
Module 02:
Lecture 02 : How to improve team performance, difference between Team
and Group
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR - II
Learning Objective:
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• To learn how to improve the team performance
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• To understand the difference between Team and
Group
Challenges – Team Performance
Management can not expect desired result immediately after team is
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formed. The team should be provided with window period to share a
common commitment so as to make collective performance and output.
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During this span of time, management should spend time to make the
team functioning effectively.
How to Enhance Team Performance
 Making team with a small size of members.

 Ensuring members with at least skills on technical, problem-solving, decision
making, interpersonal skills.
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 Letting the team have specific goals and developing commitment to realise the
goals.
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 Having proper leadership and structure for teams.
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 Establishing suitable performance evaluation and reward system.
 Ensuring team members develop high mutual trust.
How to Enhance Team Performance
 Establishing performance standard and providing direction.

 Creating a sense of urgency in the first meeting.
 Setting clear rules of behaviour.
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 Making regularly challenge the team with new projects or new
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problem to solve.
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What causes Team Performance – How to Improve it?
In the organization set up, managers often encounter several challenges that cause
the team’s performance, challenges are listed below
Reinvigorating
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Norms
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Roles
Team TQM
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Issues Performance
Diversity
Cohesiveness
Challenges in Managing a Team
Diversity
 There are members in the team from diverse backgrounds and

cultures. Organizations can be benefitted if these diverse cultures
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are managed well. The benefits include-
- Increased flexibility
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- Improved problem solving skills
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- Better creativity
- Multiple interpretations
- Openness to new ideas
Reinvigorating
 It is generally happened that since the passage of time matured teams are
plagued by groupthink, conflict and complacency. They need to be
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reinvigorated.
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 Management needs to support matured teams by giving advice, guidance,
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training and exposure so that matured teams can continue to improve.
Norms
 Team norms are standard of behaviour or rules that apply to the

members. Norms allow the members to structure their own
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behaviour and to predict what others will do.
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 They help members to gain a common sense of directions and
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they reinforce a desired team or organizational culture.
Roles
 Roles refer to the set of expectations for the behaviour of a person
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holding a particular office or position.
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 Often, those expectations are ambiguous leading to anxiety. This
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is likely to occur particularly in newly formed teams.
Cohesiveness
 Cohesiveness refers to the degree to which members are

attracted to, and motivated to remain in team. It tends to be
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higher at the time when -
o Members are homogeneous in age, attitude, needs and
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background.
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o Members agree on common goals.
o Members respect one another’s competencies.
o Team tasks require interdependent efforts.
o The team is relatively small.
Cohesiveness
o The team is physically isolated from other groups.

o The team experiences success of performance.
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o The team experiences a crisis or failure of performance.
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Team members focus on team’s performance are -
• More energetic
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• Less absent among themselves
• Stay with the team
• Entertain high self-esteem
Group - vs - Team
Group Team
Share Information Goal Collective Performance
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Neutral (Sometimes
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negative) Synergy Positive
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Individual Accountability Individual and Mutual
Random and
varied
Skills Complementary
Group - vs - Team
Work Groups Work Teams

 Self progress is the prime  Team progress is the prime
concern concern
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 Participative decision  Participative decision
making is not always a part making is always a part of
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of agenda agenda
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 Leadership brings ego  Leadership is flexible with
time
 No one respects the quality  Everyone respects the
of others quality of work
Group and Team
Similarities
In spite of some differences, there are some similarities between group and
team. They are-
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 Two or more persons are involved.
 Interaction of the members by face to face.
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 Interpersonal relationship.
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 Focus on the achievement of a common goal
 Sharing of information and resources
 Purposeful expression of feeling, depression and satisfaction
Work Group Versus Work Team
Work Group
A group that interacts primarily to share information
and to make decisions to help each group member
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perform within his or her area of responsibility
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Work Team
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A group whose collective efforts result
in a performance that is greater than
the sum of the individual inputs.
REFERENCES
 Aswathappa, K.(2014). Organisational Behaviour, Text, Cases Games. Himalaya Publishing

House, Mumbai
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 Bhattacharyya, D.K. (2012). Principle of Management, Text and Cases, Pearson, New Delhi
 Charles, W.L. Hill and Steven, L. McShane. (2008). Principles of Management, Published
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by McGraw-Hill/Irwin
 Luthans, F. (2011). Organizational Behavior: An Evidence-based Approach, Published by
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McGraw-Hill/Irwin,
 Cherrington, D.J. (1989). Organisational Behaviour, Allyn and Beacon, Boston, USA
 Falbe, C.M., & Yukl, G. (1992) Consequences for managers of using single influence tactics
and combinations of tactics. Academy of Management Journal, 35(3), 638-652.
 Robbins, T. A., and Judge, P. (2017) Organisational Behaviour, Pearson Education Ltd, Delhi
CONCLUSION
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In this lecture, we have discussed on the challenges of
managing a team and how to enhance the team
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performance.
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We have also discussed on the differences and similarities
between Team and Group.
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PT
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EL

Management can not expect desired result immediately after team is

 Making team with a small size of members.

 Establishing performance standard and providing direction.

 There are members in the team from diverse backgrounds and

 Team norms are standard of behaviour or rules that apply to the

 Roles refer to the set of expectations for the behaviour of a person

 Cohesiveness refers to the degree to which members are

o The team is physically isolated from other groups.

Share Information Goal Collective Performance

Work Groups Work Teams

 Aswathappa, K.(2014). Organisational Behaviour, Text, Cases Games. Himalaya Publishing

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