1.

Often an unbalance of forces is produced in rotary or reciprocating machinery

due to the ______
a) Centripetal forces
b) Centrifugal forces
c) Friction forces
d) Inertia forces
Ans: d

2.Which of the following is true for centrifugal force causing unbalance?

a) Direction changes with rotation
b) Magnitude changes with rotation
c) Direction and magnitude both change with rotation
d) Direction and magnitude both remain unchanged with rotation
Ans: a

3.In a revolving rotor, the centrifugal force remains balanced as long as the
centre of the mass of the rotor lies ___________
a) Below the axis of shaft
b) On the axis of the shaft
c) Above the axis of shaft
d) Away from the axis of shaft
Ans: b

4. If the unbalanced system is not set right then.

a) Static forces develop
b) Dynamic forces develop
c) Tangential forces develop
d) Radial forces develop
Ans: b

5. What is not the effect of unbalanced forces?

a) Load on bearings
b) Dangerous vibrations
c) Stresses in various members
d) Violation of conservation of mass principle
Ans: d

6.What is the effect of a rotating mass of a shaft on a system?

a) Bend the shaft
b) Twist the shaft
c) Extend the shaft
d) Compress the shaft
Ans: a

7.Let the disturbing mass be 100 kg and the radius of rotation be 20 cm and the
rotation speed be 50 rad/s, then calculate the centrifugal force in kN.
a) 50
b) 25
c) 50000
d) 25000
Ans: a
Explanation: Centrifugal force is given by the equation
Fc = mω^2r
using the given data
Fc = 50000 N = 50 kN.

8.The mass used to balance the mass defect is known as ______

a) Balancing mass
b) Defect mass
c) Replacement mass
d) Fixing mass
Ans: a

9.Let the disturbing mass be 100 kg and the radius of rotation be 10 cm and the
rotation speed be 50 rad/s, then calculate the centrifugal force in kN.
a) 50
b) 25
c) 50000
d) 25000
Ans: b
Explanation: Centrifugal force is given by the equation
Fc = mω^2r
using the given data
Fc = 25000 N = 25 kN.

10.Let the disturbing mass be 200 kg and the radius of rotation be 20 cm and the
rotation speed be 50 rad/s, then calculate the centripetal force in kN.
a) -50
b) -25
c) -100
d) -2500
Ans: c
Explanation: Centripetal force is given by the equation
Fc = – mω^2r
This is the negative of the centrifugal force.
using the given data
Fc = -100000 N.

11. Let the centrifugal force in kN be 25 and the radius of rotation be 20 cm and
the rotation speed be 50 rad/s, then calculate the mass defect in Kg.
a) 50
b) 25
c) 50000
d) 25000
Ans: a
Explanation: Centrifugal force is given by the equation
Fc = mω^2r
using the given data
Fc = 25000 N
r = 0.2 m
ω = 50 rad/s
m = 50 kg.

12. In balancing of single-cylinder engine, the rotating unbalance is ____________

a) completely made zero and so also the reciprocating unbalance
b) completely made zero and the reciprocating unbalance is partially reduced
c) partially reduced and the reciprocating unbalance is completely made zero
d) partially reduced and so also the reciprocating unbalance
Ans: b

13.Let the disturbing mass be 50 Kg, with radius of rotation = 0.1m, if one of the
balancing mass is 30 Kg at a radius of rotation 0.1m then find the other balancing
mass situated at a distance of 0.2m.
a) 80
b) 40
c) 20
d) 10
Ans: d
Explanation: mr = m1mr + m2r2
50×0.1 = 30×0.1 + m2x0.2
5=3 + 0.2m
m2=10 Kg

14.In a system two masses are used to balance the unbalanced forces. Find the mass
of the balancing mass which has to be situated at a distance of 20cm, if the
disturbing mass is of 100 Kg having radius of rotation of 0.1m. One of the
balancing mass is 30 Kg with RoR of 10cm.
a) 70
b) 35
c) 20
d) 10
Ans: b
Explanation: For a balanced system
m.r = m1r + m2r2
100×0.1 = 30×0.1 + m2x0.2
10=3 + 0.2m
m2=35 Kg.

15. Which of the following statement is correct?

a) In any engine, 100% of the reciprocating masses can be balanced dynamically
b) In the case of balancing of multicylinder engine, the value of secondary force
is higher than the value of the primary force
c) In the case of balancing of multimass rotating systems, dynamic balancing can be
directly started without static balancing done to the system
d) none of the mentioned
Ans: c

16. If all the masses are in one plane, then what is the maximum no. of masses
which can be placed in the same plane?
a) 3
b) 4
c) 6
d) No limitation
Ans: d

17.Which of the following statements are associated with complete dynamic balancing
of rotating systems?
1. Resultant couple due to all inertia forces is zero.
2. Support reactions due to forces are zero but not due to couples.
3. The system is automatically statically balanced.
4. Centre of masses of the system lies on the axis of rotation.
a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
b) 1, 2, and 3 only
c) 2, 3 and 4 only
d) 1, 3 and 4 only
Ans: d

18.Which of the following statements is correct about the balancing of a mechanical

system?
a) If it is under static balance, then there will be dynamic balance also
b) If it is under dynamic balance, then there will be static balance also
c) Both static as well as dynamic balance have to be achieved separately
d) None of the mentioned
Ans: c

19.In a locomotive, the ratio of the connecting rod length to the crank radius is
kept very large in order to
a) minimize the effect of primary forces
b) minimize the effect of secondary forces
c) have perfect balancing
d) start the locomotive conveniently
Ans: b

20.Multi-cylinder engines are desirable because

a) only balancing problems are reduced
b) only flywheel size is reduced
c) both (a) and (b)
d) none of the mentioned
Ans: c

21. When the primary direct crank of a reciprocating engine makes an angle θ with
the line of stroke, then the secondary direct crank will make an angle of . . . . .
with the line of stroke.
a) θ /2
b) θ
c) 2 θ
d) 4 θ
Ans: c

22.Secondary forces in reciprocating mass on engine frame are

a) of same frequency as of primary forces
b) twice the frequency as of primary forces
c) four times the frequency as of primary forces
d) none of the mentioned
Ans: b

23. The balancing of rotating and reciprocating parts of an engine is necessary

when it runs at
a)slow speed
b)medium speed
c)high speed
d)none of the mentioned
Ans: c

24. The static balancing is satisfactory for low-speed rotors but with increasing
speeds, dynamic balancing becomes necessary. This is because the
a)unbalanced couples are caused only at higher speeds
b)unbalanced forces are not dangerous at higher speeds
c)effects of unbalances are proportional to the square of the speed
d)effects of unbalances are directly proportional to the speed
Ans: c

25.A system in dynamic balance implies that

a)the system is critically damped
b)there is no critical speed in the system
c)the system is also statically balanced
d)there will absolutely no wear of bearings
Ans: c

26. A disturbing mass m1 attached to a rotating shaft may be balanced by a single

mass m2 attached in the same plane of rotation as that of m1 such that
a)m1.r2 = m2.r1
b)m1.r1 = m2.r2
c)m1. m2 = r1.r2
d) All of the above
Ans: b
27. For dynamic balancing of a shaft,
a)the resultant force must be zero
b)the resultant couple must be zero
c)both the resultant force and couple must be zero
d) None
Ans: c

28. Which of the following is true for centrifugal force causing unbalance?
a)Direction changes with rotation
b)Magnitude changes with rotation
c)Direction and magnitude both change with rotation
d)Direction and magnitude both remain unchanged with rotation
Ans: a

29. For the static balancing of the engine, which of the condition is necessary?
a)Force polygon must be close
b)Couple polygon must be close
c)Force polygon must be open
d)Couple polygon must be open
Ans: a

30.Which of the following conditions should be satisfied for static balancing?

1. Dynamic forces acting on the system should be zero

2. Couple acting on the system due to dynamic force should be zero
3. Centrifugal forces acting on the system should be zero
4. Couple acting on the system due to centrifugal forces should be zero
a. Condition 1 and condition 2
b. Condition 1 and condition 3
c. Condition 3 and condition 4
d. All of the above
Ans: b

31.The unbalanced primary couple caused due to reciprocating mass of each cylinder
is given as

a. mrlω^2cosθ
b. mrlω(cosθ/n)
c. mrlω^2cos2θ
d. mrω^2cos2θ
Ans: c

32.Which of the following statements is/are true primary/secondary couple?

1. Secondary couple does not act on V engine
2. Primary couple acts on V engine
3. Secondary couple acts on reciprocating masses of multi-cylinder inline engines
4. Primary couple acts on reciprocating masses of multi-cylinder inline engines
a. 1 and 2
b. 2, 3 and 4
c. 1, 3 and 4
d. All of the above
Ans: c

33. Secondary force in reciprocating engine mechanism is caused due to _______

a. S.H.M. of reciprocating parts
b. oscillation of reciprocating parts
c. obliquity of arrangement of reciprocating parts
d. all of the above
Ans: c

34. The unbalanced force caused due to reciprocating mass is given by the equation
a. mrω^2sinθ + mrω^2(sin2θ/n)
b. mrω^2sinθ + mrω^2(cos2θ/n)
c. mrω^2cosθ + mrω^2(cos2θ/n)
d. mrω^2(sinθ + sin2θ/n)
Ans: c

35. Which of the following factors are not responsible for unbalancing in rotating
systems?
a. Errors
b. Tolerances
c. Shape of the rotor
d. None of the above
Ans: d

36.The partial balancing means

a) balancing partially the revolving masses
b) balancing partially the reciprocating masses
c) best balancing of engines
d) all of the mentioned
Ans: b

37. The magnitude of swaying couple due to partial balance of the primary
unbalancing force in locomotive is
a) inversely proportional to the reciprocating mass
b) directly proportional to the square of the distance between the centre lines of
the two cylinders
c) inversely proportional to the distance between the centerlines of the two
cylinders
d) directly proportional to the distance between the centerlines of the two
cylinders
Ans: d

38. In a locomotive, the ratio of the connecting rod length to the crank radius is
kept very large in order to
a) minimize the effect of primary forces
b) minimize the effect of secondary forces
c) have perfect balancing
d) start the locomotive conveniently
Ans: d

39.The swaying couple is due to the

a) Primary unbalanced force
b) Secondary unbalanced force
c) Two cylinders of locomotive
d) Partial balancing
Ans: a

40.In a locomotive, the maximum magnitude of the unbalanced force along the
perpendicular to the line of stroke, is known as
a) Tractive force
b) Swaying couple
c) Hammer blow
d) None of these
Ans: c

41.The effect of hammer blow in a locomotive can be reduced by

a) Decreasing the speed
b) Using two or three pairs of wheels coupled together
c) Balancing whole of the reciprocating parts
d) Both (a) and (b)
Ans: d

42.In an inside cylinder locomotive, the position of the driving wheels is

_________
a) Outside cylinder
b) Inside cylinder
c) Down to cylinder
d) Above the cylinder
Ans: a

43.In an outside cylinder locomotive, the position of the driving wheels is

_________
a) Outside cylinder
b) Inside cylinder
c) Down to cylinder
d) Above the cylinder
Ans: b

44.In coupled locomotives, the driving wheels are connected to the leading and
trailing
wheel by an _______ coupling rod.
a) Inside
b) Outside
c) Sideway
d) Bottom
Ans: b

45.The effect of an unbalanced primary force along the line of stroke is to produce
________
a) Swaying couple
b) Constant tractive force
c) Piston effort
d) Crank effort
Ans: a

46.The effect of an unbalanced primary force perpendicular to the line of stroke is

to produce _____
a) Variation in pressure on the rails
b) Variation in tractive force
c) Swaying couple
d) Piston effort
Ans: a

47. What is the effect of variation of pressure on the rails?

a) Hammering action
b) Piston effort
c) Variation in tractive force
d) Swaying couple
Ans: a

48.In a reciprocating engine, usually _________of the reciprocating masses are

balanced.
a) one-half
b) two-third
c) three-fourth
d) whole
Ans: b

49.The secondary unbalanced force is maximum when the angle of inclination of the
crank
with the line of stroke is
a) 0° and 90°
b) 180° and 360°
c) Both (A) and (B)
d) None of these
Ans: c

50.Inertia force acts

(a) Perpendicular to the acceleration force
(b) Along the direction of acceleration force
(c) Opposite to the direction of acceleration force
(d) None of the above
Ans: c