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    Calculating Molar Mass

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    Tracy Ling
    The mole is the unit used by chemists to indicate the number of particles in a sample and is equal to Avogadro's number. The molar mass tells you the mass in grams of one mole of a substance. To calculate molar mass, you multiply the atomic weight of each element in a compound by its subscript and add the weights together. For example, the molar mass of sodium carbonate is 106.0 g/mol. It is important to carefully account for all subscripts when determining atoms present in ionic compounds.

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    Calculating Molar Mass

    Uploaded by

    Tracy Ling
    79 views5 pages
    The mole is the unit used by chemists to indicate the number of particles in a sample and is equal to Avogadro's number. The molar mass tells you the mass in grams of one mole of a substance. To calculate molar mass, you multiply the atomic weight of each element in a compound by its subscript and add the weights together. For example, the molar mass of sodium carbonate is 106.0 g/mol. It is important to carefully account for all subscripts when determining atoms present in ionic compounds.

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    The mole is the unit used by chemists to indicate the number of particles in a sample and is equal to Avogadro's number. The molar mass tells you the mass in grams of one mole of a substance. To calculate molar mass, you multiply the atomic weight of each element in a compound by its subscript and add the weights together. For example, the molar mass of sodium carbonate is 106.0 g/mol. It is important to carefully account for all subscripts when determining atoms present in ionic compounds.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    79 views5 pages

    Calculating Molar Mass

    Uploaded by

    Tracy Ling
    The mole is the unit used by chemists to indicate the number of particles in a sample and is equal to Avogadro's number. The molar mass tells you the mass in grams of one mole of a substance. To calculate molar mass, you multiply the atomic weight of each element in a compound by its subscript and add the weights together. For example, the molar mass of sodium carbonate is 106.0 g/mol. It is important to carefully account for all subscripts when determining atoms present in ionic compounds.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Moles and Molar Mass

    The mole is the "counting unit" used by chemists to indicate the number of atoms, ions,
    molecules, or formula units present in a particular chemical sample. The mole is similar to
    other counting units that you've used before....pair (2), dozen (12), and gross (144). One
    mole of a compound contains Avogadro's number (6.022 x 1023) of molecules (molecular
    compound) or formula units (ionic compound). The molar mass of a compound tells you the mass
    of 1 mole of that substance. In other words, it tells you the number of grams per mole of a
    compound. The units for molar mass are, therefore, grams/mole.

    To find the molar mass of a compound:

    1. Use the chemical formula to determine the number of each type of atom present in the
    compound.
    2. Multiply the atomic weight (from the periodic table) of each element by the number of
    atoms of that element present in the compound.
    3. Add it all together and put units of grams/mole after the number.

    Example: Find the molar mass of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3.


    Na 2 x 23.0 = 46.0
    C 1 x 12.0 = 12.0
    O 3 x 16.0 = 48.0
    molar
    = 106.0 g/mole
    mass

    For many (but not all) problems, you can simply round the atomic weights and the molar mass
    to the nearest 0.1 g/mole. HOWEVER, make sure that you use at least as many significant
    figures in your molar mass as the measurement with the fewest significant figures. In other
    words, never let your molar mass be the measured value that determines how many signficant
    figures to use in your answer!

    Example: What is the molar mass of calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3)2?

    Ca 1 x 40.1 = 40.1
    N 2 x 14.0 = 28.0
    O 6 x 16.0 = 96.0
    molar
    = 164.1 g/mol
    mass


    Notice that you must be very careful when you're counting the number of atoms present in
    this compound. The subscript "2" after the parentheses indicates that there are 2 nitrate
    ions (NO3-). In order to figure out how many N atoms are present, you must multiply the
    subscripts (in this case 1 x 2 = 2). In order to figure out how many O atoms are present, you
    must multiply the subscripts (in this case 3 x 2 = 6). Notice that the subscript outside the ( )
    affects only the atoms inside the ( ) and not the Ca ion.

    Practice Problems

    Calculate the molar mass for each of the following compounds:

    1. Fe2O3
    2. AgNO3
    3. Pb(Cr2O7)2
    4. Ca(ClO4)2


    1. The molar mass of Fe2O3 is 159.7 g/mol.

    Fe 2 x 55.85 = 111.70
    O 3 x 16.0 = + 48.0
    molar
    = 159.7 g/mol
    mass

    2. The molar mass of AgNO3 is 169.9 g/mol.

    Ag 1 x 107.9 = 107.9
    N 1 x 14.0 = 14.0
    O 3 x 16.0 = + 48.0
    molar 169.9
    =
    mass g/mol

    3. The molar mass of Pb(Cr2O7)2 is 639.2 g/mol.

    Pb 1 x 207.2 = 207.2
    Cr 4 x 52.0 = 208.0
    O 14 x 16.0 = + 224.0
    molar 639.2
    =
    mass g/mol

    4. The molar mass of Ca(ClO4)2 is 239.1 g/mol.

    Ca 1 x 40.1 = 40.1
    Cl 2 x 35.5 = 71.0
    O 8 x 16.0 = + 128.0
    molar 239.1
    =
    mass g/mol


    Molar Mass Practice Worksheet

    Find the molar masses of the following compounds:

    1) NaBr

    2) PbSO4

    3) Ca(OH)2

    4) Na3PO4

    5) (NH4)2CO3

    6) C6H12O6

    7) Fe3(PO4)2

    8) (NH4)2S

    9) Zn(C2H3O2)2

    10) AgF
    Solutions to the Molar Mass Practice Worksheet:

    Important note to students: All of the units given here are “grams per mole”, which may
    be abbreviated as “g/mol”, “grams/mol”, or “g . mol-1”, depending on how your teacher
    likes to see it written. They all mean the same thing, but it’s probably a good idea to
    use whatever your teacher showed you in class. Also, remember that if you don’t use
    units in your answer, the answer is wrong!

    All answers are rounded to the nearest 0.1 grams.

    1) 102.9 g/mol
    2) 303.3 g/mol
    3) 74.1 g/mol
    4) 164.0 g/mol
    5) 96.0 g/mol
    6) 180.0 g/mol
    7) 357.4 g/mol
    8) 68.1 g/mol
    9) 183.4 g/mol
    10) 126.9 g/mol

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