EARTH SCIENCE

Inclusive Dates: September 28 – October 11, 2021

Module
Minerals and Rocks
2 Learning Objectives
At the end of this module, you should be able to:

A. define minerals and rocks;

B. explain the physical and chemical properties of common
rock-forming minerals;
C. explain the rock cycle;
D. classify rocks as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic; and
E. identify the mineral resources present in different locations
here in the Philippines.

A. Minerals are naturally occurring substances that are harnessed and used by
humans in everyday life. The poem below will give you an idea on the different
characteristics of minerals.

Read the poem silently and underline the characteristics of minerals.

MINERALS
By: Razel M. Ferrer
Most minerals are derived and extracted from nature
They are crystalline solids with definite shape and structure
Minerals are found at home and present everywhere
Like in jewelries, toothpaste, make-up and mirror.
Minerals are made of chemical elements and
compounds
Chemical compositions have also been found
They are naturally occurring, this we
must understand
Inorganic in nature, let us add!
There are eight classes of minerals Silicates,
oxides, sulphides and halides
Sulfates, carbonates, phosphates and
mineraloids All minerals on earth fit on these
kinds.
Minerals are distinguished through their properties
But geologists prefer their physical form instead
Habit, luster, cleavage, and hardness
Color and streak let’s add on these.

Processing questions
What does the poem say about the characteristic of minerals? What are the distinguishing
characteristics of minerals?

Property and exclusive use of SAINT LOUIS COLLEGE BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS. Reproducing, storing, distributing, photocopying, recording,
posting and/or uploading of any part of this document and of any form and any means without the prior official written permission of SLC-SFLU, is strictly
PROHIBITED and is subjected to any form of consequences.
 Earth Science (STEM-12) Page 2 of 10 pages

The Earth’s crust is composed of various types of rocks and minerals. A basic
understanding of rocks requires us to first consider minerals, which are the building blocks of
rocks.
Minerals have distinctive physical and chemical properties that are the bases of
their economic value. The extraction and utilization of these minerals, however, have
corresponding implications on human health and the environment. Therefore, human impact
should be managed by implementing rules and regulations.

To learn more about Mineral and Rock Resources, read pages 26-47 of your textbook.
Refer to the PowerPoint presentations entitled Mineral Resources and Rocks and Its
Classifications then watch the video entitled The Rock Cycle saved in your flash drive for a more
detailed discussion. Take down notes as you watch the tutorials for future reference.

ACTIVITY CORNER!

Activity Number 1: Compositions of Minerals

A. Match the descriptions in Column A with the classification of minerals in Column B.
Write the CAPITAL LETTER that corresponds to your answer on the line before each number.

Column A Column B
1. Formed when other minerals are broken down by A. Silicate
weathering
2. Contains silicon and oxygen, with some metals B. Sulfate

3. Contains a combination of sulfur with metals and C. Halide

oxygen
4. Substances that do not fit neatly into one of the D. Carbonate
eight classes
5. Contains a combination of halogen elements like E. Mineraloid
chlorine, bromine, fluorine, and iodine with metallic
elements
6. Combination of a metal with oxygen F. Sulfide

7. Made of carbon, oxygen, and a metallic element G. Oxide

8. Combination of compounds of sulfur with a metal H. Phosphate

B. Direction: Complete the table below.

Classification
Rock Sample (Igneous/Sedimentary/Metamorphic) Subclassification
1. Quartzite
2. Chemical
3. Intrusive
4. Gneiss
5. Clastic

Property and exclusive use of SAINT LOUIS COLLEGE BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS. Reproducing, storing, distributing, photocopying, recording,
posting and/or uploading of any part of this document and of any form and any means without the prior official written permission of SLC-SFLU, is strictly
PROHIBITED and is subjected to any form of consequences.
 Earth Science (STEM-12) Page 3 of 10 pages
Activity Number 2: The Rock Cycle

There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These
rocks all form in different ways.

Direction: Use the phrases in the pool of words to complete the diagram on the rock
cycle.

Check of you got the correct answer by consulting the answer key at the end of this
module. If you did not get all the answers correctly, go over the learning materials provided to
see why your answers were wrong. If you got all the answers correctly, you may proceed to the
next activity.

Parent/Guardian Support
Ask your parent/guardian (learning companion) to assist you in
performing this simple activity and in providing the needed materials.

Rock a Bye Baby!

Perform the laboratory activity on the answer sheet. Then, answer the questions given
and write your answers on the space provide.

Property and exclusive use of SAINT LOUIS COLLEGE BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS. Reproducing, storing, distributing, photocopying, recording,
posting and/or uploading of any part of this document and of any form and any means without the prior official written permission of SLC-SFLU, is strictly
PROHIBITED and is subjected to any form of consequences.
 Earth Science (STEM-12) Page 4 of 10 pages

Earth’s materials include rocks and minerals. They exhibit characteristic features and
have economic value. Put yourself on the situation presented below.
Your place has been found to have large deposits of dolomite rocks. Are you in favor of
making your place a mining site to address the Manila Bay’s environmental degradation
problems? Explain? Write your answers to these questions on the answer sheet.

Choose the number that corresponds to your learning experiences. Encircle the rating
that corresponds to your choice.

KNOWLEDGE CHECK!

To check your understanding about our topic, answer the test given in your answer sheet.

References…

Borabo, M. (2015). Interactive and innovative teaching strategies. LORIMAR

Publishing Inc.
Olivar, et.al. (2016). Exploring life through science series: Earth science. Phoenix
Publishing House
Ramos, A. & Olivar, J. (2016). Exploring life through science series: Earth and life
science. Phoenix Publishing House
Sia, S. et al. (2016) Science in today’s world for senior high school earth and life
science. Sibs Publishing House, Inc.
https://www.edhelper.com/ReadingComprehension_37_34.html
https://www.adventurouslens.com/tangadan-falls-san-gabriel-la-union/
https://earthsky.org/earth/what-causes-the-aurora-borealis-or-northern-lights
https://www.intelligentliving.co/madagascar-to-plant-60-million-trees-in-the-next-
few-months/
https://arctickingdom.com/the-arctic-circle-north-pole-what-defines-them/
https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/04/02/1906618/chinese-built-banaue-
rice-terraces-lonely-planet-under-fire
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/31384528628660501/ d. d 4. d 3. a 1. b 2. d
Activity Corner

Indian Ocean 4. North Pole – Alaska 5. Banaue Rice Terraces - Ifugao

southern part half of Greenland, Iceland, Northern Norway, Sweden and Finland, 3. Madagascar –
1. Tangadan Falls – San Gabriel, La Union 2. Borealis Aurora – Alaska, northern parts of Canada, the
I. Preliminary Activity:

Answer Key:

Property and exclusive use of SAINT LOUIS COLLEGE BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS. Reproducing, storing, distributing, photocopying, recording,
posting and/or uploading of any part of this document and of any form and any means without the prior official written permission of SLC-SFLU, is strictly
PROHIBITED and is subjected to any form of consequences.
 Earth Science (STEM-12) Page 5 of 10 pages
CN: ____ Name: ________________________________ Grade and Section: ____________________

ANSWER SHEET
Module 3: Minerals and Rocks
September 13 - 27, 2021 Content = /56
Punctuality = /4
Total = /60

Home-based Laboratory Activity Number 2

Rock a Bye Baby!
I. Objectives:
A. To classify rocks, present at home; and
B. To identify birthstone’s characteristics.

II. Materials
5 different types of stones
Picture or real birthstone
Magnifying glass (it can be downloadable if you have none)

III. Procedure
1. Get five (5) different rocks in your surroundings.
2. Observe each stone and identify what type of rock it is.
3. Made use of the magnifying glass to observe more details about the stone.
4. Accomplish the table under data and results with the picture of your rock.
5. Answer the questions given under data analysis and state a conclusion in part
VI of the activity paper.

IV. Data and Results

A B C D E

Picture of the
Rock

Classification
of Rock
Specific Name
of Rock

Characteristics

Property and exclusive use of SAINT LOUIS COLLEGE BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS. Reproducing, storing, distributing, photocopying, recording,
posting and/or uploading of any part of this document and of any form and any means without the prior official written permission of SLC-SFLU, is strictly
PROHIBITED and is subjected to any form of consequences.
 Earth Science (STEM-12) Page 6 of 10 pages

Other
Observations

RUBRIC FOR PICTURES OF THE SET-UP

CATEGORY 4 3 2 1
Picture is vivid, clear Picture is clear and in Picture is blurry and Picture is blurry and less
and in focus, well- focus, not very well- imprecise, uncropped, effort is evidently
CLARITY OF PICTURE
cropped, and in line cropped, but still in line and not quite related observed.
with the given task. with the given task. with the given task.

V. Data Analysis
A. Compare all your rocks and many are examples of Sedimentary Rock?
Metamorphic Rock? Igneous Rock?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

B. Based on your answer to question A, why is it that kind of rock is abundant in

your surroundings?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

C. Identify your birthstone complete the table below.

Birthdate

Picture of
Birthstone

Birthstone
Name
Color
Mineral Group

Chemical
Composition

Other
Characteristics

Property and exclusive use of SAINT LOUIS COLLEGE BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS. Reproducing, storing, distributing, photocopying, recording,
posting and/or uploading of any part of this document and of any form and any means without the prior official written permission of SLC-SFLU, is strictly
PROHIBITED and is subjected to any form of consequences.
 Earth Science (STEM-12) Page 7 of 10 pages

VI. Conclusion (Content=X2)

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

RUBRIC FOR DATA ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION

CATEGORY 4 3 2 1
The answer is very accurate. The answer is somewhat The answer is fairly The stated answer does not
CONTENT Most important sets of accurate. Some important sets acceptable. Many important satisfy the given situation.
(X1) information were included. of information were not sets of information were not
included. included.
The laboratory report is
PUNCTUALITY submitted on the scheduled
date.

___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________

Choose the number that corresponds to your learning experiences. Encircle the rating
that corresponds to your choice.

Excellent Good Fair Poor

1. The learning activities in the module helped me in
4 3 2 1
attaining the objectives.
2. The content of the module was organized and easy
4 3 2 1
to understand.
3. The lessons learned are useful in real-life situations. 4 3 2 1
4. The given videos/tutorials were helpful in facilitating
4 3 2 1
learning especially in the discussion part.

Post the reasons for items rated fair and poor here.

KNOWLEDGE CHECK!

I. Multiple Choices
Read the following questions. Write the CAPITAL LETTER of your answer on the line before
the number only.
_____1. Given the list of minerals below, what is the correct arrangement from hardest to
softest according to Moh’s Scale?
1. Quartz 2. Calcite 3. Flourite 4. Gypsum
A. (Quartz, Florite, Calcite, Gypsum)

Property and exclusive use of SAINT LOUIS COLLEGE BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS. Reproducing, storing, distributing, photocopying, recording,
posting and/or uploading of any part of this document and of any form and any means without the prior official written permission of SLC-SFLU, is strictly
PROHIBITED and is subjected to any form of consequences.
 Earth Science (STEM-12) Page 8 of 10 pages
B. (Quartz, Florite , Gypsum, Calcite)
C. (Gypsum, Calcite , Florite ,Quartz)
D. (Gypsum, Calcite, Quartz, Florite)
_____2. Angela tests a mineral sample by scratching it to a white and black porcelain plate
to determine its true color. What property of minerals did she test?
A. color C. specific gravity
B. hardness D. streak
_____3. James Dana developed a classification scheme for minerals. Which of the following
is the basis of his classification?
A. color of mineral
B. hardness of the mineral
C. location of mineral occurrence
D. chemical composition of the minerals
_____4. One of the most abundant minerals on Earth quartz. Which physical property of
quartz could not be used to verify its authenticity?
A. cleavage B. color C. habit D. hardness
_____5. Scientists use a scale of 1-10 to show the hardness of a mineral. What number would
be given to the hardest?
A. 1
B. 5
C. 6
D. 10
_____6. While walking at the beach, Angela found a rock sample with a crystal white
appearance which according to her friend was halite – a rock salt. What type of
rock did she find?
A. clastic rock
B. metamorphic rock
C. chemical rock
D. organic rock
_____7. When magma solidifies on the surface of Earth, what possible igneous rock may be
formed?
A. gabbro
B. granite
C. peridotite
D. scoria
____8. Obsidian is a rock formed through fast solidification on air when a volcano erupts.
What type of rock is obsidian?
A. extrusive igneous rock
B. intrusive igneous rock
C. extensive igneous rock
D. Intensive igneous rock
____9. Which of the following statements about metamorphic rocks is FALSE?
A. It is formed from plant and animal debris
B. It is formed when particles are subjected to high heat and pressure
C. Schist, phyllite and gneiss are examples of sedimentary rocks.
D. Sedimentary rocks can be foliated or non-foliated
____10. A rock sample was recovered from Taal Volcano Island by a local. The resident
volcanologist was on site and identified the rock was formed from the material
ejected by the volcano during its eruption. He further observed that the rock sample
had glassy appearance. What type of rock did the local recover?
A. Extrusive rock
B. Metamorphic rock
C. Intrusive rock
D. Sedimentary rock

Property and exclusive use of SAINT LOUIS COLLEGE BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS. Reproducing, storing, distributing, photocopying, recording,
posting and/or uploading of any part of this document and of any form and any means without the prior official written permission of SLC-SFLU, is strictly
PROHIBITED and is subjected to any form of consequences.
 Earth Science (STEM-12) Page 9 of 10 pages
II. STRUCTURED-RESPONSE TEST
Answer the given question accurately and precisely in NOT more than ten (10)
sentences. Be guided by the Rubric presented in answering the question. (10 points)
What processes are involved in extracting mineral resources? How do these processes
affect the environment?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Rubric for structured-response test
Criteria 4 3 2 1
Content Answer is Answer is appropriate Answer is Content is unrelated to
(X2) appropriate to the to the question; appropriate to the question
question; Content is Content may have question; Content
factually correct one or two factual may have three or
errors four factual errors
Connection All possible effects of Most possible effects Some possible Few possible effects of
(X2) our actions and of the actions and effects of the actions the actions and
responses towards responses towards and responses responses towards
Covid 19 were Covid 19 were towards Covid 19 Covid 19 were
presented and their presented and their were presented and presented and the
connection to the connection to the the connection to connection to the
subsystems of the subsystems of the the subsystems of the subsystems are not well-
Earth are well- Earth are well- Earth are not well- established.
established. established. established.
Use of Uses technical or Accurate word Ordinary word Limited vocabulary;
Language scientific terminology choice; No more than choice; Some serious errors impair
appropriately and 2 major errors and a errors (but they don’t communication
correctly; No major few minor errors impair
grammatical or communication)
spelling errors

“The Earth is what we all have in common.”

– Wendell Berry

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This is to certify that I have reviewed the entries in the answer sheet of my child.

___________________________________________________________
Parent’s/Guardian’s Signature over Printed Name/Date

Property and exclusive use of SAINT LOUIS COLLEGE BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS. Reproducing, storing, distributing, photocopying, recording,
posting and/or uploading of any part of this document and of any form and any means without the prior official written permission of SLC-SFLU, is strictly
PROHIBITED and is subjected to any form of consequences.
 Earth Science (STEM-12) Page 10 of 10 pages

Answer key

ACTIVITY CORNER!

Activity Number 1: Compositions of Minerals

A. Match the descriptions in Column A with the classification of minerals in Column B.
Write the CAPITAL LETTER that corresponds to your answer on the line before each number.

1.H
2.A
3.B
4.E
5.C
6.G
7.D
8.F
B. Direction: Complete the table below.

1. metamorphic-non-foliated
2. rock salt/iron ore/chert/flint/some dolomite-sedimentary rocks
3. granite/diorite/gabbro/pregmatite/periodite-igneous
4. metamorphic-foliated
5. recia/conglomerate/sandstone/siltstone/shale-sedimentary

Activity Number 2: The Rock Cycle

There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. These
rocks all form in different ways.

Direction: Use the phrases in the pool of words to complete the diagram on the rock
cycle.

Weathering

Erosion and transport

Deposition of sediments

Igneous rock

Crystallization of magma Burial and compaction

uplift
Sedimentary rock
melting
metamorphosis
Metamorphic rock

Property and exclusive use of SAINT LOUIS COLLEGE BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS. Reproducing, storing, distributing, photocopying, recording,
posting and/or uploading of any part of this document and of any form and any means without the prior official written permission of SLC-SFLU, is strictly
PROHIBITED and is subjected to any form of consequences.