M3 - Assessment - Final
M3 - Assessment - Final
M3 - Assessment - Final
A. Answer the question(s) below to see how well you understand the topics covered in this
section.
a) b) c) d)
2. Identify the structures below as being the α- or β- forms, and draw the structure of their
anomers:
a) b)
3. Identify the glycosidic linkage in each of the following molecules:
4. Define the following terms: polysaccharide, furanose, pyranose, aldose, ketose, glycosidic
bond, oligosaccharide, glycoprotein, reducing sugar.
5. Name which, if any, of the following are epimers of D-glucose: D-mannose, D-galactose, D-
ribose.
6. Draw a Haworth projection for the disaccharide gentibiose, given the following information:
(a) It is a dimer of glucose. (b) The glycosidic linkage is β(1→ 6). (c) The anomeric carbon
not involved in the glycosidic linkage is in the α configuration.
7. How does glycogen differ from starch in structure and function?
8. What is the main structural difference between cellulose and starch?
9. Recall: What is the main structural difference between glycogen and starch?
10. What is the benefit of fiber in the diet?
11. Some athletes eat diets high in carbohydrates before an event. Suggest a biochemical basis
for this practice.
B. TRUE OR FALSE. Write TRUE in capital letters if the statement is correct; FALSE, if not.
1. The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6.
2. Boat and chair configurations are found only in -D-glucopyranose.
3. The most abundant biomolecule on earth is water.
4. The intestinal cells of the adult can only absorb glucose.
5. Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes & phenols.
6. Monosaccharides are the "building blocks" of carbohydrates.
7. Fructose & glucose are structural monosaccharides.
8. Ribose & glucose have the same number of C atoms.
9. Mannitol is a disaccharide.
10. Chitin is a homopolysaccharide.
11. Mannonic acid is a sugar acid.
12. The carbohydrate of honey is fucose.
13. -D-glucopyranose and -D-glucopyranose are anomeric isomers.
14. The smallest carbohydrates are trioses.
15. Sucrose is the disaccharide produced on the hydrolysis of starch.
16. Carbohydrates occur naturally in the D-form.
17. Peptidoglycan is the material that results from the crosslinking of
polysaccharides by the peptide.
18. Type O blood is a universal acceptor.
19. Maltose is a reducing sugar.
20. Glucose and galactose are epimers at carbon number 2.
D. For the given trisaccharide, encircle & label the glycosidic linkages ( or ). Encircle the
anomeric carbon. Identify if the trisaccharide is reducing or nonreducing sugar.
E. Melibiose is a disaccharide that occurs in some plant juices. It is composed of galactose
& glucose units joined by -(1→6)- glycosidic linkage. Draw the structure of melibiose.
Is melibiose a reducing or nonreducing sugar? Justify your answer.