Cell Division Student Exploration Sheet

Name:Kimberly Date:10/12/21
Student Exploration: Cell Division
Vocabulary: cell division, centriole, centromere, chromatid, chromatin, chromosome,

cytokinesis, DNA, interphase, mitosis
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
1. Cells reproduce by splitting in half, a process called cell division. What do cells need to do
between divisions to make sure that they don’t just get smaller and smaller?
they need to grow
2. The genetic information of a cell is carried in its DNA (short for deoxyribonucleic acid). What
do cells need to do between divisions to make sure that a full set of DNA gets passed on to
each daughter cell?
The DNA must be copied so there is a full set of DNA to pass on to each daughter cell.
Gizmo Warm-up
On the SIMULATION pane of the Cell Division Gizmo™, check that
the Cycle Length is set to 12 hours. Click Play ( ), observe until
the maximum number of cells is shown, and then click Pause ( ).
1. Look at the cells. Do they all look the same? yes
2. Cells that are in the process of dividing are said to be in mitosis

or cytokinesis. Cells that are not dividing are in interphase.
Check the Magnify box and move the cursor over the cells.
A. Of the 100 cells shown, how many are in the process of dividing? 20
B. Select the BAR CHART tab, and turn on Show numerical values. How many cells
are in the interphase stage of their life cycle? 80

C. Based on these two observations, would you say that a cell spends most of its life
cycle in interphase or in mitosis/cytokinesis? interphase
Get the Gizmo ready:

Activity A:
● Click Reset ( ).
Phases of the cell ● Select the DESCRIPTION tab.
cycle ● Click on the right arrow once so that Interphase is
shown.
Question: What are the stages of the cell cycle?
1. Observe: Click Play and hold the cursor over the cell. Observe the cell as it divides several
times. (This happens quickly!) What do you notice happening during this process?
you can see the chromosomes line up then separate and then you see two nucleuses then
the cell splits
2. Summarize: On the DESCRIPTION pane, read about each phase in the cell cycle. In the
spaces below, sketch the cell in each phase and summarize what occurs in your own words.
Phase Sketch Summary
The cell grows and develops, developing

organelles and copying its DNA
Interphase
The nuclear membrane dissolves away, the

chromatin condenses into chromosomes.
Prophase Spindle fibers form between the centrioles,
which move to opposite ends of the cell
The spindle fibers pull the chromosomes to line

Metaphase them up on the equator.
The chromosomes are split apart by the fibers,
and the chromatids move to opposite sides of
Anaphase
the cell.
A nucleus forms around each of the

Telophase chromosomes and they unwind into chromatin
The cell membrane pinches and divides the cell

Cytokinesis into two daughter cells
(Activity A continued on next page)

Activity A (continued from previous page)
3. Analyze: Use your summaries and the Gizmo to answer the following questions:
A. What are the four phases of mitosis?Metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and

interphase
B. During which phase is the DNA duplicated? interphase
C. What is the relationship between chromatin and chromosomes?Chromatin is a

substance within a chromosome consisting of DNA and protein
D. In which phase are chromatids pulled apart? anaphase
E. What is the role of the centrioles? They have spindle fibers around them and they
help determine the location of the nucleus
F. In which phase does a new nuclear membrane develop? telophase
G. A cell has a single line of chromosomes. What is the phase? metaphase
H. During which three phases are individual chromosomes no longer visible?
Interphase, telophase, and cytokinesis
4. Think and design: One error in mitosis (and meiosis) is called nondisjunction, and cells end
up with the wrong number of chromosomes. How would you determine what phase this
would occur and how?
The DNA needs to be duplicated before the cell divides so that both new daughter cells have
the same amount of DNA.
5. Challenge: Human cells have 46 chromosomes. Each chromosome consists of a pair of

identical chromatids attached together by a structure called a centromere. Once the
chromosome has split, each chromatid is called a daughter chromosome. At the end of
cytokinesis, how many daughter chromosomes will be found in each cell? Explain.
There will be 0 because during telophase (before cytokinesis), the chromatids dissolve into
chromatin
6. Extend your thinking: In living organisms, the cell cycle is closely regulated. What do you
think will happen if cell division is not controlled?
If it is not controlled, cells can either produce too many cells too quickly, which can for
abscesses and masses in the body, which can pressure and harm other parts and block
functions. If they produce too little, the body will be deprived of cells that complete a certain
function, which would harm homeostasis

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Name:Kimberly Date:10/12/21

Student Exploration: Cell Division

Vocabulary: cell division, centriole, centromere, chromatid, chromatin, chromosome,

Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)

they need to grow

1. Look at the cells. Do they all look the same? yes

2. Cells that are in the process of dividing are said to be in mitosis

are in the interphase stage of their life cycle? 80

cycle in interphase or in mitosis/cytokinesis? interphase

Get the Gizmo ready:

Question: What are the stages of the cell cycle?

Phase Sketch Summary

The cell grows and develops, developing

The nuclear membrane dissolves away, the

The spindle fibers pull the chromosomes to line

A nucleus forms around each of the

The cell membrane pinches and divides the cell

(Activity A continued on next page)

A. What are the four phases of mitosis?Metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and

B. During which phase is the DNA duplicated? interphase

C. What is the relationship between chromatin and chromosomes?Chromatin is a

D. In which phase are chromatids pulled apart? anaphase

F. In which phase does a new nuclear membrane develop? telophase

G. A cell has a single line of chromosomes. What is the phase? metaphase

H. During which three phases are individual chromosomes no longer visible?

Interphase, telophase, and cytokinesis

5. Challenge: Human cells have 46 chromosomes. Each chromosome consists of a pair of

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