No Load and Blocked Rotor Test On Three Phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motor

राष्ट्रीय प्रौधोगिकी संस्थान गोोोवा NATIONAL
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GOA

Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa – 403 401, India
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
EE304 Electrical Machines-II Lab

Website: http://www.nitgoa.ac.in Phone : 0832-2404218
Experiment – 1 Fax : 0832-2404202
No Load and Blocked Rotor Test on Three Phase Squirrel

Cage Induction motor Group-2 Roll No: 18EEE1006
AIM:
To conduct no load and blocked rotor test on three phase squirrel cage induction motor and
study its performance.
NAME PLATE DETAILS
3-Phase squirrel cage induction motor,

4 Pole, 400 V, 3.795 A, 50 Hz,
1478 RPM, 2000W
APPARATUS
S. No. Name Range Type Quantity

1. Voltmeter 0-600V Moving Iron type 1
2. Ammeter 0-5A Moving Iron type 1
3. Wattmeter 1 0-300W Electrodynamometer 1
4. Wattmeter 2 0-300W Electrodynamometer 1
5. 3-phase variac 0-440V - 1
EE304- Electrical Machines-II Lab 2021 Experiment 1: No Load & Blocked Rotor Test for Squirrel Cage Motor
THEORY:
The equivalent circuit of no load and blocked rotor test:
No Load Test:
The no load test is similar to the open circuit test on a transformer. It is performed to obtain the
magnetizing branch parameters (shunt parameters) in the induction machine equivalent circuit. In
this test, the motor is allowed to run with no-load at the rated voltage of rated frequency across its
terminals. Machine will rotate at almost synchronous speed, which makes slip nearly equal to zero.
This causes the equivalent rotor impedance to be very large (theoretically infinite neglecting the
frictional and rotational losses).
Blocked Rotor Test:
Blocked rotor test is similar to the short circuit test on a transformer. It is performed in the to
calculate the series parameters of the induction machine i.e., its leakage impedances. The rotor is
blocked to prevent rotation at the rated frequency at a voltage where the rated current is achieved.
The slip for the blocked rotor test is unity since the rotor is stationary. The resulting speed dependent
equivalent resistance r2’{(1/s)-1} goes to zero and the resistance of the rotor branch of the equivalent
circuit becomes very small. Thus, the rotor current is much larger than current in the excitation
branch of the circuit such that the excitation branch can be neglected.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• No Load Test
• Blocked Rotor Test

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM IN SIMULINK ENVIRONMENT
Fig 1: No Load Test
Fig 2: Blocked Rotor Test

PROCEDURE:
• No load Test:
1. Keep the rotor free from any load and set variac to zero output voltage.
2. Switch on supply and bring variac voltage to the rated value.
3. Measure VO, IO, W1 and W2. under these conditions read speed.
• Blocked rotor Test:

1. Keep the rotor blocked by applying brakes.
2. Increase the applied voltage from zero to such a value that rated current flows into the motor.
3. Read VSC, ISC, W1, W2.
• DC Test:
1. Connect DC Supply to any two terminals of the induction motor
2. Apply Voltage and note down the current value and calculate Stator resistance per phase using this
voltage and current.
No load test:
• Calculate no load power factor, active and reactive components of no-load current.
• Calculate the value of R0 and X0
Blocked rotor test:
• Calculate blocked load power factor.

• Calculate the value of RSC and XSC.
• Find out the equivalent circuit parameters and draw the equivalent circuit diagram. Take assumptions if
required after stating them.
• Determine the efficiency and power factor at various loading conditions from the equivalent circuit
diagram.
• Make the concluding remarks and observations.
OBSERVATION TABLE:
No Load Test:
Table-1
Sr.No. VO IO Input Power
(V) (A) (W)
1. 400 1.879 120.1
Blocked rotor test
Table-2
Sr.No. VSC ISC Input Power
(V) (A) (W)
1. 44.6 3.795 83.62
CALCULATIONS:
NO LOAD TEST:
No Load Power factor = 120.1/ ( sqrt(3) * 400 *1.879 = 0.0923
Active component of No Load current = 𝟏. 𝟖𝟕𝟗 ∗ 𝟎. 𝟎𝟗𝟐3= 0.17335

Reactive component of No Load current = Io * Sinφ = 1.87098 A
Z0 = V0 / I0 = 122.91 Ω
R0 = Pin/ (3*I02 ) = 11.34 Ω
BLOCKED ROTOR TEST:

From dc test r1 = 1.004 Ω
Blocked Rotor power factor =83.62 / [Sqrt (3) * 44.6 * 3.795] = 0.2869
ZSC = VSC / ISC = 6.785 Ω

RSC= Pin / 3*ISC2 = 1.9504 Ω
XSC = √𝒛𝟐𝑺 − 𝑹𝟐𝑺𝑪 = 6.4986 Ω
𝑪
x1 = x2 = XSC / 2 = 3.2493 Ω
Xm = X0 - x1 = 119.13 Ω
X2 = Xm + x2 = 122.38 Ω
r2 = ( Rsc – r1 )*(x2/xm)^2 = 0.999 Ω
Efficiency and Power factor at various loading conditions:

Sr No. Slip (s) Stator current Input p.f Input Power Output Power Efficiency
Pin (W) P out(W) η%
I1 (A)
1) 0.001 1.8994 0.12336 162.335 71.20 43.9
2) 0.004 2.0927 0.42433 615.22 519.867 67.276
3) 0.008 2.6187 0.66875 1213.305 1017.135 83.832
4) 0.012 3.30745 0.7867 1802.791 1668.559 92.55
Fig.3 Equivalent circuit parameters of squirrel cage Induction Motor
At s = 0.001, V1 =400/1.732V=230.94V
( r2/s +𝒋.𝒙𝟐) ∗ 𝒋.𝑿𝒎

Zf = Rf + j Xf = 𝒓𝟐 = 13.996+ j117.415 Ω
s +𝒋.𝒙𝟐+𝒋.𝑿𝒎
Z1 = r1 + j.X1 + Zf = 15 + j120.665 Ω
I1 = V1 / Z1 = 1.8994 ∟-82.91 A
Cosφ = Cos (-82.91) = 0.12336
Pin = 3*V1*I1* Cosφ = 162.335W
Pg = 3*I12*Rf = 151.48W
Pm = (1-s)*Pg = 151.33 W
Pf = P0 – Io^2* R0 = 80.06 W
Pout = 151.33 – 80.06 =71.20
𝑷𝒐𝒖𝒕
η% = *100 = 43.9%
𝑷𝒊𝒏
Conclusion:
In this experiment no load and blocked rotor test of squirrel cage motor we found the equivalent circuit
parameters of the induction machine.
The parameters are
Z0 = 122.91 Ω
R0 = 11.34 Ω
X0 =122.38 Ω
r1 = 1.004 Ω
r2 = 0.9988 Ω
x1 = x2 = 3.2493 Ω
Xm = 119.13 Ω
From dc test r1 = 1.004 Ω
ZSC = 6. 785 Ω
RSC = 1.9504 Ω
XSC = 6.4986 Ω
REFERENCE:
I. P. S Bimbhra “Electrical Machinery” 7th Edition, Khanna Publishers, 2008.
II. J. Nagarath, D. P. Kothari, “Electric Machines” Tata McGraw Hill, 4 th Edition, 2010
III. S.G. Tarnekar, P.K. Kharbanda, S. B. Bodkhe, S.D. Naik and D.J. Dahigaonkar, “Laboratory Courses
In Electrical Engineering”, S. Chand, 6th Edition, 2013

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राष्ट्रीय प्रौधोगिकी संस्थान गोोोवा NATIONAL

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GOA

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

EE304 Electrical Machines-II Lab

No Load and Blocked Rotor Test on Three Phase Squirrel

NAME PLATE DETAILS

3-Phase squirrel cage induction motor,

S. No. Name Range Type Quantity

The equivalent circuit of no load and blocked rotor test:

Blocked Rotor Test:

• Blocked Rotor Test

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM IN SIMULINK ENVIRONMENT

Fig 1: No Load Test

Fig 2: Blocked Rotor Test

• Blocked rotor Test:

• Calculate blocked load power factor.

1. 400 1.879 120.1

Blocked rotor test

1. 44.6 3.795 83.62

Active component of No Load current = 𝟏. 𝟖𝟕𝟗 ∗ 𝟎. 𝟎𝟗𝟐3= 0.17335

BLOCKED ROTOR TEST:

ZSC = VSC / ISC = 6.785 Ω

r2 = ( Rsc – r1 )*(x2/xm)^2 = 0.999 Ω

Efficiency and Power factor at various loading conditions:

Fig.3 Equivalent circuit parameters of squirrel cage Induction Motor

( r2/s +𝒋.𝒙𝟐) ∗ 𝒋.𝑿𝒎

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