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Determining Area of A Rectilinear Field by Tape

1. This document provides instructions for determining the area of a rectilinear field using only a steel tape, chaining pins, range poles, and hubs. The field is first subdivided into a series of connected triangles. Distances and angles are then measured to calculate the area of each triangle using trigonometric formulas. The total area is calculated by summing the individual triangle areas.

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Beaumont Serene Del Reigo
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3K views7 pages

Determining Area of A Rectilinear Field by Tape

1. This document provides instructions for determining the area of a rectilinear field using only a steel tape, chaining pins, range poles, and hubs. The field is first subdivided into a series of connected triangles. Distances and angles are then measured to calculate the area of each triangle using trigonometric formulas. The total area is calculated by summing the individual triangle areas.

Uploaded by

Beaumont Serene Del Reigo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

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Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4

Series 1 Series 2 Series 3

FIELDWORK EXERCISE NO. 4


DETERMINING AREA OF A RECTILINEAR FIELD BY TAPE

Objectives:
a) . To learn how to measure horizontal angles with tape.
b) To determine the area of a rectilinear field with tape.

INSTRUMENTS & ACCESSORIES: Steel Tape, Chaining Pins, Range Poles, and Hubs
or Pegs.

A. PROCEDURE:

1. Establish the corners of the assigned field and also establish within the field a
centrally-located point.

2. Subdivide the field into a convenient series of connected triangles (refer to


accompanying figure). Use pegs, hubs, or pins to mark the vertices of each triangle.
Call these points A, B, C and etc.

3. From the centrally-located point, measure distances to each point defining the
corners or vertices of each triangle. Call these distances d1, d2 and etc.

4. Using the chord method of measuring angles by tape, determine all the angles
about the central point, I.e., 1 , 2 and etc.

Fig. 4-3. A field subdivided into triangles.

5. Refer to the accompanying sample tabulation for the recording of observed field data.
B. COMPUTATIONS:

1. Determining Values of Included Angles.

With the use of a tape the chord method of measuring angles may be applied to
determine the value of an angle. The following formula is used

θ d/2
sin
2 L
=

Where:
θ = angle whose value is desired
d = measured chord distance
L = any convenient length of tape
swung through an arc

Fig. 4-4. Chord method of measuring angles.

INCLUDED CHOR2 LENGTH COMPUTED ADJUSTED


CORR
ANGLE D DIST OF SIDE ANGLE ANGLE
30.10 m 25 m 74° 1’ 35.56” 3° 18’ 2.14” 77° 19’ 37.7”
Θ1
27.5 m 26 m 63° 51’ 18.2” 3° 18’ 2.14” 67°9’ 20.34”
Θ2
28 m 27 m 62° 27’ 57.09” 3° 18’ 2.14” 65° 45’ 59.23”
Θ3
31.6 m 26.5 m 73° 12’ 0.79” 3° 18’ 2.14” 76° 31’ 2.93”
Θ4
32.1 m 28 m 69° 56’ 57.65” 3° 18’ 2.14” 73° 14’ 59.79”
Θ5

- SOLUTIONS -
2. Determining Area of Each Triangle

In each triangle, since the length of two sides and the included angle can be
determined, the area of the triangle may be calculated by the following formula

Area of a triangle = ( 1 / 2 ) ( a ) ( b ) 𝐒 𝐢 n C

Where:

A = area of the triangle


a,b = the two measured sides of the triangle ( or d1, d2, etc)
C = included angle ( or 1 , 2 , 3 , 𝑒 )

SIDES INCLUDED
TRIANGLE AREA
1st 2nd AREA
ABC 25 26 77° 19’ 37.7” 317.08 m²

BCF 26 27 67°9’ 20.34” 323.47 m²

CDF 27 26.5 65° 45’ 59.23” 326.23 m²

DEF 26.5 28 76° 31’ 2.93” 360.78 m²

AEF 28 25 73° 14’ 59.79” 335.15 m²

- SOLUTIONS -
3. Calculating the Total Area

The total area of the field is the sum of the calculated areas of the series
of connected triangles into which the field is subdivided, or

At= A1 + A2 + A3 + A4 + A5

Where:
At = total area of the field, and A1,
A2, and etc., are areas of
individual triangles.

-SOLUTIONS-
C. REMARKS, HINTS & PRECAUTIONS:

1. Determining areas of rectilinear fields by tape is a slow process and is not


advisable when large areas are involved.

2. This method of field survey was widely used before instruments for
measuring angles were built.

3. The accuracy of the values obtained by this procedure is dependent on


the size of the angle, on the care with which the points are set on line, and on
the accuracy of the measured lengths.

4. Experience will show that with reasonable care the value of an angle
determined by tape measurements would agree with the value obtained with
a transit within one to three minutes.

5. All distances from the centrally-located point of the field to the different
corners should be measured twice and the mean recorded as its actual
length.

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