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    PSCAD TRansformer 13

    Uploaded by

    Tosikur Rahman
    The document discusses air core reactance in transformers, providing examples of how to calculate it based on leakage reactance and turns ratios. It also discusses modeling transformer saturation characteristics and how on-load tap changers are represented in simulations.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    PSCAD TRansformer 13

    Uploaded by

    Tosikur Rahman
    52 views1 page
    The document discusses air core reactance in transformers, providing examples of how to calculate it based on leakage reactance and turns ratios. It also discusses modeling transformer saturation characteristics and how on-load tap changers are represented in simulations.

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    PSCAD TRansformer 13

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    The document discusses air core reactance in transformers, providing examples of how to calculate it based on leakage reactance and turns ratios. It also discusses modeling transformer saturation characteristics and how on-load tap changers are represented in simulations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    52 views1 page

    PSCAD TRansformer 13

    Uploaded by

    Tosikur Rahman
    The document discusses air core reactance in transformers, providing examples of how to calculate it based on leakage reactance and turns ratios. It also discusses modeling transformer saturation characteristics and how on-load tap changers are represented in simulations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    More on Air Core Reactance

    The air core reactance LA in Figure 6-6 may not be known for a transformer under study. One rule of thumb is that air core reactance
    is approximately twice the leakage reactance.

    For example, if the saturation is applied to the tertiary winding of the three winding transformer, a reasonable value to select for air
    core reactance would be XHT, which is 24%. Thus, as seen from the tertiary, the air core reactance would be 24%; as seen from the
    low voltage winding is would be 38%, and as seen from the high voltage winding it would be 48% or twice the leakage reactance XHT.

    The knee point of the saturation curve is sometimes available and is usually expressed in percent or per-unit of the operating point,
    defined by rated voltage. Typical ranges in per-unit are 1.15 to 1.25. Referring to Figure 6-6, this would be:

    (6-24)

    Where,

    1.15 < K < 1.25

    If the RMS rated voltage of the winding, across which saturation is applied, is VM, then M is:

    (6-25)

    Where,

    f = Rated frequency in Hertz

    Equations 6-21 to 6-25 are an approximate means of defining transformer saturation and form the basis upon which the EMTDC
    subroutine TSAT21 is constructed.

    More on Classical Transformers


    The following topics discuss some attributes of the classical transformers in more detail.

    On-Line Tap Changer


    All transformer components are equipped with an on-line tap changer. When the tap changer is enabled, a diagonal line will appear
    on the component graphic, labelled Tap.

    A change in tap setting is modeled as a change in the turns-ratio of the transformer. The per-unit leakage reactance and
    magnetizing currents, specified for 100% tap, are used to calculate admittances for the new voltage rating, corresponding to the tap
    setting.

    EXAMPLE 6-1:

    Let us assume for simplicity, that a transformer is configured as Y-Y, with winding voltages rated at 10 kV primary and 100 kV
    secondary, and a tap changer is placed on the primary winding. The turns-ratio for this transformer is of course 1:10.

    An on-line tap input of 1.0 corresponds to a 100% tap (i.e. no tap adjustment). If the tap input value is adjusted to say 1.05, then
    the turns-ratio would become 1.05:10 or 1:9.52381.

    May 09, 2018 ©2018 Manitoba Hydro International Ltd. 94

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