Ship Hydrodynamics 1 Part B Lecture 7

Ship Hydrodynamics 1 MR 331 3rd Marine
Vessel Motions in Irregular Seaway
Though the principal of linear superposition has to be adhered to, it has been found from
experiments that the response of ships in irregular seas indicated that the linear spectral
techniques yielded unexpectedly accurate results in seas as high as seastate 7.
Thus, practically linear theory can be applied for up to moderate sea state cases.
The basic steps in predicting the vessel motions are given as follow:
1. Choose a suitable wave spectrum S()
2. Calculate the encounter frequency E, as a function of the wave frequency w,

vessel speed V, wave speed c, and heading : E = (1 – V.c-1 cos )
[ = o0 for following seas, 180o for head seas]
3. Calculate the encounter spectrum S(E) = S() x d/dE
Vessel response
4. Evaluate R.A.O = [Response Amplitude Operators]
Wave input parameter *
Where it is assumed that;
(a) The response to each component wave is independent of the response to the
other waves.
(b) The response is a linear function of the component wave amplitudes.
[ * a commonly used wave input parameter is the wave amplitude for

translational motions or wave slope for rotational motions ]
5. Plot the response spectrum SR(E) = S(E) x (R.A.O)2 [spectral density function]
Transform spectrum Response spectrum

Wave spectrum
mR = mean square response of vessel

2.5 mR = significant response (amplitude) of vessel
Page 1
Example
A sea spectrum is defined by the following table:
 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2
S() 0.2 2.0 4.05 4.3 3.4 2.3 1.5 1.0 0.7 0.5
d E 2 .
and =1+ V
d g
For 10 knots, E =  (1 + 0.525 )
d
and = (1 + 1.05 ) –1
d E
Assuming the RAO of the vessel is given as in column 6. Therefore, the following
calculations can be conducted to find the response spectrum and the statistical responses of
the vessel.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
 E S() dE S(E) = RAO SR(E) = SM f(SR)
d (3)x(4)-1 (5)x(6)2
0.3 0.347 0.2 1.315 0.15 0.8 0.098 1 0.098

0.4 0.484 2.0 1.420 1.41 0.6 0.508 4 2.032
0.5 0.632 1.05 1.525 2.65 0.69 1.262 2 2.524
0.6 0.789 4.30 1.630 2.64 0.44 0.511 4 2.044
0.7 0.958 3.40 1.735 1.96 0.28 0.153 2 0.306
0.8 1.136 2.30 1.840 1.25 0.18 0.041 4 0.164
0.9 1.326 1.50 1.945 0.77 0.12 0.011 2 0.022
1.0 1.525 1.00 2.050 0.49 0.10 0.005 4 0.020
1.1 1.736 0.70 2.155 0.32 0.08 - 1 0
1.2 1.956 0.50 2.260 0.22 0.07 -
f(SR) = 7.21
The heave spectrum can be plotted and the area under the curve will give mo.
Page 2
Remember:
The average heave amplitude
H1  2.50 mo1 / 2
H1 / 3  4.00 mo1 / 2
H1 / 10  5.10 mo1 / 2
Heave Amplitude
RAO 
Wave Amplitude
1
mo = x C.I. x f(SR(E))
3
= 1 x 0.1 x 7.21
3
= 0.2403

 H1 = 2.50 0.2403 = 1.226 m

H1 / 3 = 4.00 0.2403 = 1.961 m

H 1 / 10 = 5.10 0.2403 = 2.5 m
Page 3
TUTORIAL 4
Question 1
(a) Outline the basic steps in predicting the vessel motions in an irregular seaway.
(10 marks)
(b) A full scale motion trial was carried out in a long-crested irregular wave system.
The spectrum of an irregular long-crested wave-system, as measured at a fixed

point is given as follows:
fw(Hertz) 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11

S(fw)m2s 0.0003 0.460 7.393 21.25 29.51 29.43 25.09
(i) The vessel heads into the wave-system at an angle of 60 degrees with a
speed of 10 knots. Calculate and plot the wave spectrum as it would be
measures by a probe moving forward with the speed of the vessel.
(8 marks)
(ii) The roll energy spectrum obtained from a gyroscope reading onboard the
vessel is given as follows :
fw(Hertz) 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11

S(fE)m2s 0.0 0.001 0.008 0.033 0.042 0.021 0.004
Roll Amp.
Derive and plot the RAO curve in the form of for the vessel at
Wave Amp.
the speed and heading as indicated in (i).
(7 marks)
Page 4
Question 2
Compare the generated ordinates of the following series of wave spectra:
(i) JONSWAP
(ii) PERSON-MOSKOWITZ
(iii) DARBYSHIRE
(iv) BRITISH TOWING TANK PANEL
(v) BRETSCHNEIDER
Give comments on the differences observed.
Note : A FORTRAN Computer code is given to assist in the comparative work.
Acknowledgments
Special thanks to Prof. Adi Maimun for the preparation of this scientific material
Page 5

Ship Hydrodynamics 1 Part B Lecture 7

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ship Hydrodynamics 1 Part B Lecture 7

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ship Hydrodynamics 1 Part B Lecture 7

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ship Hydrodynamics 1 MR 331 3rd Marine

Vessel Motions in Irregular Seaway

1. Choose a suitable wave spectrum S()

2. Calculate the encounter frequency E, as a function of the wave frequency w,

3. Calculate the encounter spectrum S(E) = S() x d/dE

Where it is assumed that;

(b) The response is a linear function of the component wave amplitudes.

[ * a commonly used wave input parameter is the wave amplitude for

Transform spectrum Response spectrum

mR = mean square response of vessel

A sea spectrum is defined by the following table:

For 10 knots, E =  (1 + 0.525 )

0.3 0.347 0.2 1.315 0.15 0.8 0.098 1 0.098

The spectrum of an irregular long-crested wave-system, as measured at a fixed

fw(Hertz) 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11

fw(Hertz) 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11

Compare the generated ordinates of the following series of wave spectra:

Give comments on the differences observed.

Note : A FORTRAN Computer code is given to assist in the comparative work.

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.