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6 Fluids: Full Answers To Review Questions: 6 Fluids

This document provides full answers to review questions about fluids and kinetics. It defines concepts like gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, and efficiency. It also works through example problems calculating velocity, acceleration, force, and power for objects in motion. Diagrams and graphs are referenced.

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31 views1 page

6 Fluids: Full Answers To Review Questions: 6 Fluids

This document provides full answers to review questions about fluids and kinetics. It defines concepts like gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, and efficiency. It also works through example problems calculating velocity, acceleration, force, and power for objects in motion. Diagrams and graphs are referenced.

Uploaded by

alamphy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Full Answers to Review Questions: 6 Fluids

b) The gravitational potential energy (GPE) of a body is the ability of


the body to do work by virtue of its position in a gravitational field.
An object of mass m raised through a height ∆h will gain GPE of
mg∆h.
However, the elastic potential energy (EPE) of an object is the energy
stored in the object when it is stretched or compressed. For a cord
extended ∆x by an average force Fave, the gain in EPE will be Fave∆x.
  8 a) Kinetic energy (KE) is the energy of a body by virtue of its motion.
The KE of a body of mass m moving with a velocity v is _​ 12 ​m
  v 2.

b) KE of the golf ball = _​ 12 ​(  0.05 kg)(20 m s−1)2 = 10 J


  9 After drawing the diagram, measure the vertical height, h, of the trolley
above the base of the ramp. Record the time, t, for the interrupter card to
cut through the light beam, and find the velocity:
(length of card)
v = ​ _____________
t ​    

Repeat for a range of values of h.

​ 1 ​ mv 2 ⇒ ______
∆GPE = mgh and ∆KE = __ ​  ∆KE   v2  ​  
 ​= ​ ____
2 ∆GPE 2gh
Plot a graph of v2 against h. The percentage of GPE converted to KE is
found by
2g
​ _______
   ​ × 100%.
gradient
useful work output
10 Efficiency = ​ ________________
  
   ​× 100%
work input
11 a) Power is the rate of doing work. It is measured in watts (W).
b) Work done = force × distance = (70 × 9.8) N × (20 × 0.25) m = 3430 J
work done 3430 J
Power = ​ _________
time ​ 
 = ______
​   ​ 
= 690 W
5.0 s
c) The student will do more work moving limbs, contracting muscles,
pumping blood, etc.
12 a) Using v2 = u2 + 2as where v = 0; u = 5.0 m s−1; s = 20 m
0 = (5.0 m s−1)2 + 2a(20 m) ⇒ a = −0.625 m s−2 ≈ −0.6 m s−2
b) i) F = ma = (100 kg) × (0.6 m s−2) = 60 N
ii) P = Fv = (60 N) × (5.0 m s−1) = 300 W

6  Fluids
1 a) At the instant of release, the viscous force is zero; the ball will begin to
fall at the rate of the acceleration due to gravity, 9.8 m s−2 – the answer
is D.
b) At point 3 the sphere is travelling at constant velocity; the acceleration
is zero – the answer is A.
c) Between points 1 and 2 the sphere is still accelerating downwards; there
must be a resultant downward force, so the weight is greater than the
sum of the two upward forces, U and F – the answer is D.
d) At point 3 the sphere is moving at the terminal velocity; the resultant
force is zero, so the weight must equal the sum of the two upward forces
– the answer is C.
50 × 10−3 kg
​  mass  ​ 
2 a) ρ = _______ = ​ _______________
_       ​= 1.5 kg m–3
volume ​ 3 ​π 4
  (20 × 10–2 m)3
7
Edexcel Physics for AS    © Hodder Education 2009

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