CARDIOVASCULAR

SYSTEM (CVS) - II
MODULE
MBBS Year-3 (Academic Year 2020-2021)

KMU Central Curriculum Committee

Khyber Medical University, Phase V, Hayatabad | Peshawar

MBBS Year-3:CVS – II Module

Themes for CVS-II Module

SNo. Theme Title Week

Theme 1 Chest Pain 2

Theme 2 Blood pressure 1

Theme 3 Shortness of breath 2

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MBBS Year-3:CVS – II Module

Subject TOPIC S. No Learning objectives

At the end of this module, students of

year 3 will be able to:

Theme 1: Chest pain

Anatomy Gross anatomy of 1 Describe surface anatomy of the heart and
heart, valves and heart valves
coronary arteries

2 Describe the anatomy of coronary

circulation

3 Enumerate heart valves and describe their

gross morphology

Biochemistry Lipoproteins and 4 Classify and Describe types of lipoproteins

cholesterol

5 Summarize cholesterol synthesis

Pathology Atherosclerosis 6 Discuss the risk factors, Morphology,

pathological changes and consequences of
Atherosclerotic plaque

Ischemia and 7 Define Ischemia and infarction, and

infarction differentiate it from infarction

8 Discuss Classification and pathophysiology

of ischemic heart disease
9 Discuss pathophysiology of myocardial
infarction
Pharmacology Antianginal drugs 10 Classify antianginal drugs

11 Explain mechanism of action,

pharmacokinetics and adverse effects of
organic nitrates and calcium channel
blockers

12 Explain the rationale for use of 𝛃-

adrenergic blockers and sodium channel
blocker in the management of angina
pectoris
Lipid lowering drugs 13 Briefly describe the types of dyslipidemias

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MBBS Year-3:CVS – II Module

14 List the lipid lowering drug classes

15 Explain the mechanism of action, effect on

serum lipid profile and adverse effects of
each of the five drug classes

16 Discuss drug-drug interaction of lipid

lowering drugs
Anticoagulant drugs 17 Classify anticoagulant drugs

18 Discuss mechanism of action, uses of

Unfractionated heparin

19 Compare low molecular weight and

unfractionated heparin

20 Describe adverse effects of heparin and

treatment of heparin overdose
21 Describe mechanism of action and uses of
direct Xa and IIa inhibitors
22 Describe mechanism of action and uses of
warfarin

23 Describe adverse effects of warfarin and

treatment of warfarin overdose
24 Compare heparin and warfarin in terms of
mechanism and onset of action

25 Explain monitoring of anticoagulant

therapy
26 Describe important diet and drug
interactions of warfarin
Antiplatelet and 27 Classify antiplatelet drugs
thrombolytic drugs

28 List indications of antiplatelet therapy

29 Explain the mechanism of action and

adverse effects of each antiplatelet drug
group
30 Name thrombolytic drugs and explain
their mechanism of action, uses and
adverse effects
Forensic Medicine Chest trauma 31 Describe heart injuries caused by regional
injuries
32 Discuss chest wall injuries in general

33 Enumerate the complications of rib

fracture

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MBBS Year-3:CVS – II Module

Sudden death 34 Define sudden death

35 Explain the causes of sudden death

36 Describe autopsy findings in sudden death

37 Describe the medicolegal importance of

sudden death
Community cardiovascular 38 Define Cardiovascular disease(CVD)
Medicine diseases as public
health issues

39 Elaborate the concept of CVD risk

stratification
40 Describe the epidemiology of
cardiovascular diseases and explain
cardiovascular diseases of Public Health
importance globally and in Pakistan
41 Explain the known risk factors of CVD and
cultural, racial and gender difference in
CVD prevalence and incidence
General Coronary Heart 42 Discuss CAD risk factors and strategies to
Medicine/Cardiology disease reduce them

43 Discuss strategies for primary and

secondary prevention of CHD in outpatient
setting
44 Define chronic stable angina, its clinical
signs and symptoms, laboratory findings,
imaging techniques for assessment of it
and management protocols

45 Discuss coronary vasospasm and angina

with normal coronary angiograms
Acute coronary 46 Define Acute coronary syndrome.
syndrome

47 Explain the spectrum of illness in ACS and

relevant management steps
48 Describe the clinical features and steps of
the management of Myocardial infarction
49 Describe risk stratification in myocardial
infarction
50 Describe complications of acute MI

Hypertrophic 51 Discuss clinical features, imaging protocols,

cardiomyopathy risk stratification and short/long-term
management of hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy.

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MBBS Year-3:CVS – II Module

Theme 2: Blood Pressure

Pathology Blood pressure 52 Describe the mechanisms of blood
pressure regulation
Shock 53 Classify shock

54 Describe the pathophysiology and types of

shock
55 Describe the stages pf shock

Hypertension 56 Describe the causes, Pathogenesis,

morphology and complications of
Hypertension

57 Discuss pathophysiology of hypertension in

pregnancy
Low Blood pressure 58 Define sepsis and septic shock

59 Discuss causes, pathogenesis, and

laboratory findings in shock
60 Discuss Disseminated intravascular
coagulation in the context of sepsis
61 Describe classification and
pathophysiology of Hemorrhage
Aneurisms 62 Describe the etiology, morphology and
manifestations of vascular aneurisms
63 Describe the causes, Pathogenesis and
types of Aortic Aneurysm
Aortic dissection 64 Describe the pathogenesis, morphology
and clinical features of Aortic Dissection
Vasculitis 65 Define vasculitis

66 Classify vascilitides

67 Describe the immunological mechanisms

of non-infectious vasculitis
68 Describe the morphology and clinical
features of Giant cell arteritis
69 Describe the morphology and clinical
features of Takayasu arteritis
70 Describe the morphology and clinical
features of Polyarteritis nodosa
71 Describe the morphology and clinical
features of Kawasaki disease
72 Describe the morphology, serological
markers and clinical features of Wegener
granulomatosis

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MBBS Year-3:CVS – II Module

73 Describe the morphology and clinical

features of Thromboangitis obliterans
Diseases of veins 74 Differentiate between thrombophlebitis
and Phlebothrombosis
75 Describe the etiology and clinical features
of varicose veins
76 Enlist the benign and malignant tumors of
the arteries and veins
Pharmacology Antihypertensive 77 Classify antihypertensive drugs
drugs

78 Discuss role of diuretics in the

management of hypertension
79 Discuss the role of ACE inhibitors,
Angiotensin receptor-blocking agents,
Renin inhibitor in hypertension
80 Explain the rationale for the use of β-
blockers, α-adrenoceptor blocking agent,
centrally acting sympatholytic drugs in
hypertension
81 Describe the direct vasodilators
(mechanism of action and drug toxicity) in
relation to antihypertensive drug therapy
82 Describe the role of Calcium channel
blockers in hypertension
General Hypertension 83 Define and classify hypertension
Medicine/Cardiology

84 Discuss drug treatment protocols for

hypertension
85 Describe the risk factors and complications
of hypertension
86 Describe the management of hypertensive
emergencies and urgencies
Forensic medicine Cardiac poisons 87 Classify Cardiac Poisons

88 Describe the characteristic, clinical

signs/symptoms, treatment and
medicolegal aspects of cardiac glycosides
89 Discuss cardiac effects of methylphenidate,
cocaine and Ice
90 Describe the characteristic, clinical
signs/symptoms, treatment and medico
legal aspects of Oleander

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MBBS Year-3:CVS – II Module

Theme 3: Shortness of breath

Physiology Cardiac cycle 91 Outline major events in cardiac cycle

92 Discuss physiology of heart sounds and

murmurs
Pathology Congestive heart 93 Describe the types, etiology, pathogenesis,
failure and clinical features of congestive heart
failure
Congenital heart 94 Describe the Etiology, Pathogenesis and
diseases clinical features of Tetrology of Fallots,
ASD, VSD and pulmonary stenosis
Valvular heart 95 Describe the Etiology, pathogenesis and
diseases clinical features of Aortic stenosis, Aortic
regurgitation, Mitral stenosis and Mitral
regurgitation
Cardiomyopathies 96 Describe the Pathological patterns, causes,
morphological changes and clinical
features of Cardiomyopathies
Rheumatic fever 97 Discuss pathophysiology and laboratory
findings in rheumatic fever
Rheumatic heart 98 Discuss pathological changes and
disease morphology of rheumatic heart disease

Thrombosis and 99 Describe the mechanism and pathogenetic

Embolism mechanisms of vascular thrombosis

100 Enlist hypercoagulable states

101 Define embolism

102 Discuss types of embolism

103 Describe the etiology, pathogenesis,

morphology and clinical features of
pulmonary embolism
Endocarditis 104 Discuss Etiology, Pathogenesis,
Morphology, diagnostic criteria, clinical
features and complications of infective
endocarditis
105 Discuss the types of non-infected
vegetation
Pharmacology Drugs used in heart 106 Define the different classes of the drug
failure used in the treatment of heart failure

107 Explain the pharmacological effects,

clinical uses, adverse effects and drug
interactions of digitalis glycosides

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MBBS Year-3:CVS – II Module

108 Explain the signs symptoms and treatment

of digoxin overdose

109 Enlist positive inotropic drugs (other than

digoxin) that are used in heart failure

110 Classify the five major groups of diuretic

drugs and relate them to their site of
action
111 Discuss the mechanism of action, clinical
applications and adverse effects of
carbonic anhydrase enzyme inhibitors,
osmotic diuretics, thiazide diuretics, loop
diuretics and potassium sparing diuretics
112 Enlist potassium sparing and potassium
losing diuretics
Antiarrhythmic drugs 113 Classify antiarrhythmic drugs

114 Describe the effect of different classes of

antiarrhythmic drugs on membrane
potential of cardiomyocytes
115 Explain the mechanism of action of all the
classes of antiarrhythmic drugs
116 Discuss the adverse effects and clinical
uses of antiarrhythmic drugs
General Heart failure 117 Discuss workup and management of
Medicine/Cardiology pulmonary edema

118 Enlist and explain causes of heart failure

119 Describe workup and management of

heart failure
Disorders of heart 120 Classify arrhythmias and heart blocks
rate and rhythm

121 Describe the etiology, ECG findings and

management of Atrial fibrillation
122 Discuss types, workup and management
of ventricular arrhythmias
Pulmonary embolism 123 Describe the etiology, clinical features and
diagnostic workup of pulmonary embolism
124 Discuss risk stratification and
management of pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary 125 Discuss cardiac causes of pulmonary
hypertension hypertension and outline their
management
Myocarditis 126 Discuss causes and management of
myocarditis
Pericardial diseases 127 Define and classify pericarditis

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MBBS Year-3:CVS – II Module

128 Discuss clinical findings and treatment of

pericarditis
129 Describe the etiology and management of
pericardial effusion
Pediatrics Cyanotic and 130 Delineate the difference between the
acyanotic congenital acyanotic and cyanotic heart disease
heart disease conditions

131 Enumerate the various defects, involving

both conditions
Rheumatic fever 132 Describe the etiology of rheumatic fever

133 Describe Duckett Johns criteria for

diagnosis of RF
134 Discuss about primary and secondary
prophylaxis of rheumatic heart disease
Practical work
Pharmacology Myocardial Infarction 135 Construct a prescription for a patient with
Myocardial Infarction
Hypertension 136 Construct a prescription for a patient with
Hypertension
Congestive Cardiac 137 Construct a prescription for a patient with
Failure Congestive Cardiac Failure

Pathology Lipid Profile 138 Demonstrate Estimation of total

cholesterol

Hemangioma 139 Identify the morphological changes

occurring in hemangioma
Forensic medicine Cardiac toxins 140 Identify the following cardiogenic toxins:
• Digitalis
• Cannabis
• Heroin

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