Experiment 1

Dr. Jyotismita Chaki

Installation: Download MySQL Installer
• If you want to install MySQL on the Windows environment, using
MySQL installer is the easiest way.
• To download MySQL installer, go to the following
link http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/installer/. There are two
installer files:
•If you are connecting to the internet while installing MySQL, you can
choose the online installation version mysql-installer-web-community-
<version>.exe .
•In case you want to install MySQL offline, you can download
the mysql-installer-community-<version>.exe file.
Installation
Installation
Installation: Install MySQL via MySQL Installer
• To install MySQL using the MySQL installer, double-click on the MySQL
installer file and follow the steps below:
Installation: Setup Type
Select Execute Installation
Select I agree,
then Next
Installation
Installation
Select Next
Installation
Select Yes
Select Execute Installation
 Installation
Select Next
Select Execute Installation
 Installation
Select Next
 Installation
Select Next
 Installation
Select Next
 Installation
Select Next
 Installation
Select Next
 Installation
Select Next
Select Execute Installation
Select Finish
Installation
 Installation
Select Next
Select Finish
Installation
 Installation
Select Next
 Type the same
password you
already entered in
your Server
Installation

Configuration stage
Select Check and
then Next
Installation
Select Execute
Installation
Select Finish Installation
Installation
Select Next
Select Finish Installation
Installation: View of Shell
Installation: View of Workbench
SQL: Data Definition Language (DDL)
• The DDL commands in SQL are used to create database schema and
to define the type and structure of the data that will be stored in a
database.
• SQL DDL commands are further divided into the following major
categories:
• CREATE: The CREATE query is used to create a database or objects such as
tables, views, stored procedures, etc.
• ALTER: alters the structure of the existing database
• DROP: delete objects from the database
• TRUNCATE: remove all records from a table, including all spaces allocated for
the records are removed
SQL: DDL: CREATE
• Database
• CREATE DATABASE LibraryDB;
• Table
• CREATE TABLE Books
(
Id INT (1),
Name VARCHAR (50),
Price INT (10)
);
Data type
• A Data Type in SQL server is defined as the type of data that any column or
variable can store.
• It is a type of data that an object holds like integer, character, string, etc.
• An SQL developer must decide what type of data that will be stored inside
each column when creating a table.
• While creating any table or variable, in addition to specifying the name,
you also set the Type of Data it will store.
• The data type is a guideline for SQL to understand what type of data is
expected inside of each column, and it also identifies how SQL will interact
with the stored data.
• In MySQL there are three main data types: string, numeric, and date and
time.
Data Type: String
Data type Description
CHAR(size) A FIXED length string (can contain letters, numbers, and special
characters). The size parameter specifies the column length in
characters - can be from 0 to 255. Default is 1
VARCHAR(size) A VARIABLE length string (can contain letters, numbers, and special
characters). The size parameter specifies the maximum column
length in characters - can be from 0 to 65535
BINARY(size) Equal to CHAR(), but stores binary byte strings. The size parameter
specifies the column length in bytes. Default is 1
VARBINARY(size) Equal to VARCHAR(), but stores binary byte strings.
The size parameter specifies the maximum column length in bytes.
TINYBLOB For BLOBs (Binary Large OBjects). Max length: 255 bytes
TINYTEXT Holds a string with a maximum length of 255 characters
Data Type: String
TEXT(size) Holds a string with a maximum length of 65,535 bytes
BLOB(size) For BLOBs (Binary Large OBjects). Holds up to 65,535 bytes of data
MEDIUMTEXT Holds a string with a maximum length of 16,777,215 characters
MEDIUMBLOB For BLOBs (Binary Large OBjects). Holds up to 16,777,215 bytes of
data
LONGTEXT Holds a string with a maximum length of 4,294,967,295 characters
LONGBLOB For BLOBs (Binary Large OBjects). Holds up to 4,294,967,295 bytes
of data
ENUM(val1, val2, val3, ...) A string object that can have only one value, chosen from a list of
possible values. You can list up to 65535 values in an ENUM list. If a
value is inserted that is not in the list, a blank value will be
inserted. The values are sorted in the order you enter them
SET(val1, val2, val3, ...) A string object that can have 0 or more values, chosen from a list of
possible values. You can list up to 64 values in a SET list
 Data Type: Numeric
Data type Description
BIT(size) A bit-value type. The number of bits per value is specified in size.
The size parameter can hold a value from 1 to 64. The default value for size is 1.
TINYINT(size) A very small integer. Signed range is from -128 to 127. Unsigned range is from 0
to 255. The size parameter specifies the maximum display width (which is 255)
BOOL Zero is considered as false, nonzero values are considered as true.
BOOLEAN Equal to BOOL
SMALLINT(size) A small integer. Signed range is from -32768 to 32767. Unsigned range is from 0
to 65535. The size parameter specifies the maximum display width (which is 255)
MEDIUMINT(size) A medium integer. Signed range is from -8388608 to 8388607. Unsigned range is
from 0 to 16777215. The size parameter specifies the maximum display width
(which is 255)
INT(size) A medium integer. Signed range is from -2147483648 to 2147483647. Unsigned
range is from 0 to 4294967295. The size parameter specifies the maximum
display width (which is 255)
Data Type: Numeric
INTEGER(size) Equal to INT(size)
BIGINT(size) A large integer. Signed range is from -9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807.
Unsigned range is from 0 to 18446744073709551615. The size parameter specifies the
maximum display width (which is 255)
FLOAT(size, d) A floating point number. The total number of digits is specified in size. The number of
digits after the decimal point is specified in the d parameter. This syntax is deprecated in
MySQL 8.0.17, and it will be removed in future MySQL versions
FLOAT(p) A floating point number. MySQL uses the p value to determine whether to use FLOAT or
DOUBLE for the resulting data type. If p is from 0 to 24, the data type becomes FLOAT().
If p is from 25 to 53, the data type becomes DOUBLE()
DOUBLE(size, d) A normal-size floating point number. The total number of digits is specified in size. The
number of digits after the decimal point is specified in the d parameter
DOUBLE PRECISION(size, d)
DECIMAL(size, d) An exact fixed-point number. The total number of digits is specified in size. The number
of digits after the decimal point is specified in the d parameter. The maximum number
for size is 65. The maximum number for d is 30. The default value for size is 10. The
default value for d is 0.
DEC(size, d) Equal to DECIMAL(size,d)
 Data Type: Date and Time
Data type Description
DATE A date. Format: YYYY-MM-DD. The supported range is from '1000-01-01' to '9999-
12-31'
DATETIME(fsp) A date and time combination. Format: YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss. The supported
range is from '1000-01-01 00:00:00' to '9999-12-31 23:59:59'. Adding DEFAULT and
ON UPDATE in the column definition to get automatic initialization and updating to
the current date and time
TIMESTAMP(fsp) A timestamp. TIMESTAMP values are stored as the number of seconds since the
Unix epoch ('1970-01-01 00:00:00' UTC). Format: YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss. The
supported range is from '1970-01-01 00:00:01' UTC to '2038-01-09 03:14:07' UTC.
Automatic initialization and updating to the current date and time can be specified
using DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP and ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP in
the column definition
TIME(fsp) A time. Format: hh:mm:ss. The supported range is from '-838:59:59' to '838:59:59'
YEAR A year in four-digit format. Values allowed in four-digit format: 1901 to 2155, and
0000. MySQL 8.0 does not support year in two-digit format.
Primary Key Constraint
• The PRIMARY KEY constraint uniquely identifies each record in a
table.
• Primary keys must contain UNIQUE values, and cannot contain NULL
values.
• A table can have only ONE primary key; and in the table, this primary
key can consist of single or multiple columns (fields).
SQL: DDL: ALTER
• The ALTER command in SQL DDL is used to modify the structure of an
already existing table.
• Add primary key:
• ALTER TABLE Books
ADD PRIMARY KEY (Id);
• Add new column: ALTER TABLE Books
• ALTER TABLE Books ADD Publisher varchar(50),
ADD Year year; ADD AuthorName varchar(50);
• Modify the data type of a column:
• ALTER TABLE Books
MODIFY COLUMN Price float(10,2);
SQL: DDL: ALTER
• Modify the column name:
• ALTER TABLE Books
RENAME COLUMN AuthorName TO FirstName,
ADD LastName varchar(50);
• Modify table name:
• ALTER TABLE Books RENAME Book_Details;
• Drop a column:
• ALTER TABLE Book_Details
DROP COLUMN Publisher;
• Add NOT NULL constraint:
• ALTER TABLE Book_Details
MODIFY Name varchar(50) NOT NULL;
SQL: DDL: DROP and TRUNCATE
• Drop a column:
• ALTER TABLE Book_Details
DROP COLUMN Publisher;
• The DROP TABLE statement is used to drop an existing table in a
database.
• DROP TABLE Book_Details;
• Drop the database:
• DROP DATABASE libraryDB;
• The TRUNCATE TABLE statement is used to delete the data inside a
table, but not the table itself.
• TRUNCATE TABLE Book Details;