Division of City Schools

MASBATE NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL

Masbate City

Practical Research 1
LEARNING MODULE

UNIT I – NATURE OF INQUIRY AND RESEARCH

Module 1 to Module 4

1st Quarter
 Introduction

Good day, learners! This is a Self-Learning Module in Practical Research 1 made by your teacher. This module is
made with you in mind, to be able to tap into your potential in independent learning.

The following are some reminders in using the modules:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet
of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Make sure you accomplish all the activities in the module. Always begin with Preliminary Activity before
looking into other contents of the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. Remember that this is to
measure what you have learned, not what you have complied.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. The time indicated in each module includes the Preliminary Activity, the activities on the module, and
Evaluation. But it doesn’t include the Extension part, since this serves as the student’s assignment.
7. Return this module to your teacher once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone.

I hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the
relevant competencies. You can do it!
 MODULE IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH IN

1 DAILY LIFE
Week 1 – 60 minutes

Think of all the subjects that you have taken during your high school days. Imagine a person that is
knowledgeable in all those subjects that you’ve thought of. That person can possibly be the most intelligent
person that you can ever meet. He can possibly become famous or rich. And what can that person possibly
accomplish? Almost anything.

One author quoted that “If you are knowledgeable, you are capable of doing great things for yourself,
your loved ones, and the whole world.” One of the best ways of acquiring knowledge is research. In this module,
you will learn what research is, and how research is important in our daily lives.

OBJECTIVE
At the end of this module, the learner (1) shares research experiences and knowledge; and (2)
explains the importance of research in daily life.

Preliminary Activity

TEXT TWIST!
For each item, arrange the letters to form the word and define the word with your own
understanding.

1. QERINUI ___________ __________________________________

2. MBLPOER ___________ __________________________________
3. ATEGIHGNR ___________ __________________________________
4. IKTHNGNI ___________ __________________________________
5. CITICEFINS ___________ __________________________________

Guide Question: Are these words related to research? Briefly explain.

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

WHAT IS RESEARCH?
Several authors and sources defined research as follows:

According to Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary: “A studious inquiry or examination, especially; investigation or

experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or law
in the light of new facts or practical application of such new or revised theories or law.”
According to Good: “careful, critical, disciplined inquiry, varying in technique and method according to the nature
and conditions of the problem identified, directed toward the clarification or resolution (or both) of a
problem.”

According to Aquino: “Research is, simply, the systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic or
problem. After a careful, systematic search for pertinent information or data on a specific topic or
problem, and after the research worker has analysed and interpreted the data, he eventually faces
another essential task – that of preparing the research report.”

According to Manuel and Medel: “the process of gathering data or information to solve a particular or specific
problem in a scientific manner.”

According to Sanchez: “a systematic study or investigation of something for the purpose of answering questions
posed by the researcher.”

Activity #1

THIS IS (not) RESEARCH!

Put a check (/) on statements that that describes what research is, and an X mark if the statements
doesn’t describe about research.

___ Research is going to the library to gather information.

___ Research is looking up a few facts and presenting those facts in a written paper.
___ Research is looking through many files to discover what you previously did not know.
___ Research is collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data in order to increase understanding of
a phenomenon.
___ Research is a catchword used to get attention.

In order to bring research to fruition, the person conducting one must have the required set of skills and
good qualities for the job. Let us find out if you have those.

Activity #2

RESEARCHERS GOT SKILLS!

The words/phrases below show some skills that a researcher must have to conduct research. Fill up
the missing letters to complete them.

I__ER___W___ _OLL___R___O_ T__NK___ S__L__

_A_I_G N__E_ _RE__I__TY _EAD__G _K____
__IT_N_ _K__L_ U_E OF __S______ R_AS__ING
__MP___R S_I___ CO_M____A___N __SE_V_T__N
_S_ OF __B___Y A_A_Y__NG A_T OF Q__________

Pick any five (5) of these skills and briefly explain why these skills are needed in research.
Can you think of other skills that a researcher must have?
 Activity #3

R-E-S-E-A-R-C-H-E-R
Fill up the following acronym with character/attitudes that a researcher must possess. Give a brief
explanation on each.

R _________________ _____________________________________________________
E _________________ _____________________________________________________
S _________________ _____________________________________________________
E _________________ _____________________________________________________
A _________________ _____________________________________________________
R _________________ _____________________________________________________
C _________________ _____________________________________________________
H _________________ _____________________________________________________
E _________________ _____________________________________________________
R _________________ _____________________________________________________

WHY IS RESEARCH IMPORTANT?

Even though most people avoid getting involved in research, research plays a crucial role in all areas of
discipline or specialization. For those who wanted to learn, doing research is not just an imperative but a need. In
general, the following are some importance of research:

1. Discovery of new facts. Scientists in the past conducted researches in order to discover new phenomena,
which lead to further applications and implications that revolutionize the world today.

2. Finding answers to problems or queries. The world’s problems can be practically solved through
conducting research. In the case of a pandemic like COVID-19, scientists in other countries are performing
experiments to come up with a vaccine that can protect people from the virus and put an end to the
pandemic.

3. Improvement of previous techniques or products. Any institution or establishment can further increase
the productivity of their services through research. Surveys give feedback to the institution in order to
identify any areas of improvement.

4. Development of better products or strategies. Through research, instruments or devices are becoming
more efficient, and unnecessary efforts are greatly reduced. (For example, the mobile phones of today,
which are products of research, are much better than telephones.)

5. Basis for decision-making. Through research, the persons in the management team can have an idea of
what is going on in his own establishment, giving them a thorough analysis and careful thinking for
planning and implementation.

6. Satisfaction of man’s needs. Some researchers conducted research to answer their own curiosities. Some
were doing research in order to reduce human efforts and to bring a better life for everyone.
 EVALUATION

1. Define research using your own words.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. Give at least five (5) skills that a researcher must have in conducting research.
_______________________________ ___________________________________
_______________________________ ___________________________________
_______________________________

3. Give at least five (5) values that researchers must possess.

_______________________________ ___________________________________
_______________________________ ___________________________________
_______________________________

4. Describe how research can contribute to the following:

a. Business
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

b. Education
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

c. Moral Behavior
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

EXTENSION

Look for a person or student who has conducted a research. Conduct an interview or conversation with
that person and ask questions that are research-related (about his/her own research, experiences in
conducting research, etc.). You can ask as many questions as possible.

Make a four-paragraph essay about your reflections and learnings from your interview/conversation.
Write your output in either a yellow paper (for printed modular) or a long bond paper (if digital).
 References
Practical Research Planning and Design (9th Edition) by Leedy & Ormrod, pp. 1 – 8

Research and Thesis Writing with Statistics Computer Application by Paler-Calmorin, pp. 1 – 6

Methods of Research and Thesis Writing by Calderon, pp. 4 - 6

http://learningtz.blogspot.com/2017/03/meaning-of-research-according-to.html#:~:text=Research%20is%20a%
20systematic%2C%20formal,According%20to%20Kothari%20(2006).

https://www.scribd.com/doc/36195218/Define-Research

https://www.beetroot.com/graduate-jobs/careers-advice/research-skills/
 MODULE RESEARCH CHARACTERISTICS,

2 PROCESS AND ETHICS

Week 1 – 30 minutes

In the previous module, you learned about what research is, and how research can play an important role
in different areas of expertise, our daily life, and even in the problems of society. But how do you describe a good
research? How do you conduct a research? Are you conducting the research in a right way? Those questions can
be answered through this module.

OBJECTIVE
At the end of this module, the learner describes characteristics, processes, and ethics of
research.

Preliminary Activity

PRE-TEST!
Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. What is the first step in the research process?

a. Doing library search for the problem c. Designing the study
b. Forming a hypothesis d. Formulating a problem

2. Research requires to follow an orderly and sequential procedure in conducting one. What
characteristic of research is this referring to?
a. Logical b. Cyclical c. Methodical d. Empirical

3. Research starts with a problem and ends with a problem. What characteristic of research is this
referring to?
a. Empirical b. Cyclical c. Methodical d. Replicability

4. Which of the following can be considered as “harm” in research?

a. Injuries during experiment c. Invasion of privacy
b. Discomfort d. All of the above

5. Copying an information from a book or website without acknowledging the source of

information is a violation of what ethical principle?
a. Avoiding plagiarism c. Using information
b. Avoiding bias d. Seeking informed consent
WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH?

1. Empirical. Research is based on direct experience or observation by the researcher.

2. Logical. Research is based on valid procedures and principles.
3. Cyclical. Research is a cyclical process because it starts with a problem and ends with a problem.
4. Analytical. Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering the data, whether historical,
descriptive, and experimental and case study.
5. Critical. Research exhibits careful and precise judgment.
6. Methodical. Research is conducted in a methodical manner without bias using systematic method and
procedures.
7. Replicability. The research design and procedures are repeated to enable the researcher to arrive at valid
and conclusive results.

WHAT ARE THE PROCESSES IN RESEARCH?

Step 1:
Formulating a research problem

Step 2:
Step 8: Doing the library search
Making recommendations

Step 7:
Research Step 3:
Forming a hypothesis

Process
Drawing conclusions

Step 6: Step 4:
Collecting and analyzing data Designing the study

Step 5:
Developing the instruments for
collecting data

Step 1: Formulating a research problem. Formulating a research problem is your first and most important step in
the research process. A research begins with a problem, and a researcher cannot proceed further in the
conduct of research without identifying a research problem. The research problem identifies your
destination, meaning it must tell you, your research adviser, and your readers what you intend to
research. Everything that follows in the research process – research designs, sampling procedure, data
collection methods and data analysis – is influenced by the way you formulate your research problem.

Step 2: Doing a library search. After establishing what you wanted to research, you need to gather information
about the research problem. This is so that you have a clearer understanding about the nature of the
problem at hand. This step involves a lot of reading from different references like books, magazines,
journals, and websites, which should be relevant to the research problem.

Step 3: Forming a hypothesis. Although not required for some types of research, hypothesis gives the researcher
the idea of what to look for in his/her research.
Step 4: Designing the study. In this step, the researcher conceptualizes his/her research design, including the
procedure, sampling design, and data gathering method. This is where you explain how the research is to
be conducted.

Step 5: Developing the instruments for collecting data. Anything that becomes a tool for collecting information
(or data) for your study is called a research instrument or a research tool. Research instruments includes
surveys, observation forms, questionnaires and interview schedules. Constructing a research instrument
is your first “practical” step in carrying out your study.

Step 6: Collecting and analyzing data. This is where the researcher goes to his/her research participants (or
respondents) to gather data from them. The researcher then analyzes the collected data using varied
means, depending on the type of research.

Step 7: Drawing conclusions. After data analysis, the researcher summarizes his/her findings and make logical
conclusions from it.

Step 8: Making recommendations. In this step, the researcher makes suggestions and appeals for other
researchers who will conduct similar studies. Thus, the research starts with a problem, and ends with a
problem.

WHAT ARE THE RESEARCH ETHICS?

Research ethics refers to the moral principles guiding research from inception through to completion and
publication of results.

A researcher must be mindful of some ethical issues, which can be divided into two classes.

Relating to the participants:

1. Seeking informed consent. Seeking informed consent is the most common procedure in researches. It is
unethical for a researcher to collect information from research participants without the participants’
knowledge, their informed willingness, and their expressed consent. Informed consent implies that the
participants are made adequately aware of the type of information you want from them, why the
information is being sought, what purpose it will be put to, how they are expected to participate in this
study, and of how it will directly or indirectly affect them. It is important that their consent is voluntary
and without pressure of any kind. (If the participants are children or minors, the ones giving consent must
be the parents.)
2. Seeking information. Information can pose an ethical dilemma in research, especially certain types of
information that can be regarded as sensitive or confidential by some persons. Such information might be
considered as invasion of privacy. In collecting data, the research must be careful about the sensitivities
of the participant.
3. Possibility of causing harm. Bailey (1976) described harm as not only including physical harm like
dangerous experiments, but also psychological harm like anxiety, discomfort, harassment, invasion of
privacy, and dehumanizing or demeaning procedures. A researcher must have the responsibility to
examine carefully whether their participation would likely cause harm, and if it is likely to, make sure that
the risk is minimal.
4. Maintaining confidentiality. Sharing information about the participant for purposes other than research
is unethical. It is also unethical to identify the individual respondent. The researcher must make sure that
after the collection of information, the source of data cannot be known.
 5. Providing incentives. Is it ethical to give incentives to the participants who shared information with you?
The answer is, “it depends”. Most people do not participate in the study because of incentives, but they
realize the importance of the study.

Relating to the researcher:

1. Avoiding bias. Bias is a deliberate attempt either to hide what was found in the study, or highlight
something disproportionate to its true existence. Researchers must avoid bias at all costs.
2. Using appropriate methodology. A researcher must ensure the validity and appropriateness of methods
and procedures in conducting research. Unethical practices in this area include selecting a highly biased
sample, using an invalid instrument, and drawing wrong conclusions.
3. Correct reporting. A researcher must be honest of his/her results, and ensure that no slanting or
manipulation of data has been done.
4. Using information. The use of information in a way that directly or indirectly affects respondents is
unethical.
5. Avoiding plagiarism. A researcher must at all times acknowledge his/her sources of information. This is
usually done by using citations and referencing.

Activity #1

HEY… IT’S UNETHICAL!

Study the following situations carefully and identify the ethical practice that was violated. (There can
be more than one violation.)

1. A professor requires his students to participate in his research in exchange of getting a good
grade in his subject.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. A researcher enquires university students to fill out a questionnaire about their sexual practices.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

3. A researcher deletes some of the data he collected in order to favor his own hypothesis.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

4. A researcher modified the school lunch diet for her study without telling the parents of the
students.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
 EVALUATION

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Select the letter of the BEST answer.

1. Which characteristic describes research being based on direct experience of the researcher?
a. Methodical b. Logical c. Empirical d. Cyclical

2. Research must be made not with careless and baseless speculations, but from valid
processes and well-founded principles. What research characteristic does this refer to?
a. Logical b. Empirical c. Methodical d. Replicability

3. Which characteristic is being described in experiments which require trials to ensure validity
of results?
a. Critical b. Logical c. Methodical d. Replicability

4. The Chapter II of a research paper requires the researcher to look for sources of information,
read these sources, and write the synthesis of what he/she has read. What research process
is involved?
a. Forming a hypothesis c. Doing a library search
b. Collecting and analyzing data d. Designing the study

5. The Chapter III of the research paper includes a research design, sampling method, and data
collection process. What research process is involved?
a. Designing the study c. Collecting and analyzing data
b. Formulating a research problem d. Drawing conclusions

6. In his research paper, the researcher is writing his suggestions to the future researchers on
how his study can be further expanded. What research process is involved?
a. Drawing conclusions c. Collecting and analyzing data
b. Making recommendations d. Doing a library search

B. Identify at least two (2) ethical principles that are not followed in the following situations:
1. A researcher wishes to conduct a study about political perspectives. He chose a group of
leftists, and sent questionnaires to this group with an explanation that they have been
selected “at random”.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

2. A college instructor administers an hour exam to both sections of his course. The overall
performance of the two sections is essentially the same. The grades of one section are
artificially lowered, however, and the instructor berates them for performing so poorly. His
purpose is to test the effect of such berating. He then administers the same final exam to
both sections, and he discovers that the unfairly berated section performs more poorly. His
hypothesis is confirmed.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
 EXTENSION

Have a library search about some hindrances to research, and explain why they are called
hindrances.

References
Survey Research Methods by Babbie, pp. 347 – 357

Research Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners by Kumar pp. 190 – 196

How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education (7th Edition) by Fraenkel and Wallen, pp. 52 - 65

Methods of Research and Thesis Writing by Calderon, pp. 17 - 18

 MODULE QUALITATIVE RESEARCH VS.

3 QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Week 1 – 30 minutes

Research comes in different types, depending on the research problem being discussed. A researcher
must be able to know how and when to use each type of research in order to come up with a research paper
appropriate for the problem and methods.

In this module, you will know the two general types of research: quantitative research and qualitative
research. You will learn the difference between these two and the conditions in which they can be used.

OBJECTIVE
At the end of this module, the learner differentiates quantitative from qualitative research.

Preliminary Activity

SPOT THE DIFFERENCES!

The pictures below show two methods that a researcher conducted on a certain situation.

Source: IKON International Global Trade Experts

Guide Questions:

1. What situation is shown in both pictures?

2. How do you differentiate quantitative research from qualitative research based on these
pictures? Give at least three differences.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH AND QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH?

A qualitative research requires non-numerical data, which means that the research uses words, symbols
and pictures rather than numbers to express the results, the inquiry, or investigation about people’s thoughts,
beliefs, feelings, views, and lifestyles regarding the object of the study.

A quantitative research involves measurement of data, thus, it presents research findings referring to the
number or frequency of something in numerical forms.

The differences between these two types of research can be further shown in the table below:

QUALITATIVE vs. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

Criteria Qualitative Research Quantitative Research
To understand and interpret social To test hypothesis, look at cause and
Purpose
interactions effect, and make predictions
Group Studied Small and not randomly selected Large and randomly selected
Type of Data Collected Words, images, or objects Numbers and statistics
Qualitative data such as open-ended Quantitative data based on precise
Form of Data Collected responses, interviews, participant measurements using structured and
observations, field notes validated data collection instruments
Type of Data Analysis Identify themes, features, or patterns Identify statistical relationships
Particular or specialized findings that Generalizable findings that can be applied
Results
is less generalizable to other populations
Researcher and their biases may be Researcher and their biases are not
known to participants in the study, known to participants in the study, and
Role of researcher
and participant characteristics may be participant characteristics are hidden
known to the researcher from the researcher
Narrative report with description and Statistical report with correlations,
Final Report direct quotations from the research comparisons of means, and statistical
participants significance of findings

Activity #1

QUANTITATIVE or QUALITATIVE?
Analyze the following research topics and classify these topics as QUALITATIVE or QUANTITATIVE.
Give a brief explanation for your answer. (The first item is given as an example.)

Research Topic Quantitative or Reason

Qualitative
The Opinion of Masbateños to The data being sought (opinion of Masbateños) requires
Qualitative words.
Marcos’ Burial
Difference in Mathematical
Intelligence between ABM and
GAS Students
Marketability of Buko Juice in
MNCHS Annex Campus
Reasons Behind Tardiness of
Employees
Costumer’s Satisfaction on the
Services of Jollibee
 EVALUATION

A. Give at least five differences that differentiate quantitative research from qualitative research.
Express your answers in one sentence each.

1. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

5. ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

B. Analyze the following research topics and identify each topic as QUALITATIVE or
QUANTITATIVE.

1. The Burdens of Pregnant Women ______________________

2. Feasibility of Malunggay Pandesal in School Canteens ______________________
3. Grade 11 Student’s Reactions toward Modular Learning ______________________
4. The Effect of Sunlight on Plant’s Growth ______________________
5. Experiences of Persons Undergoing Home Quarantine ______________________

EXTENSION

Look for one (1) sample research paper for quantitative research and one (1) for qualitative research.
After reading through each research paper, write the following:
A. Research Title
B. Objective
C. Research Questions
D. Research Method
E. Respondents/Sample
F. Research Tools
G. Data Collection Method
H. Results
 References
How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education (7th Ed.) by Fraenkel and Wallen, pp. 15 – 16

Practical Research 2 by Baraceros, pp. 9-10

https://www.simplypsychology.org/qualitative-quantitative.html
 MODULE KINDS OF RESEARCH ACROSS

4 FIELDS
Week 2 – 60 minutes

Research can be applied everywhere, whatever professional you aspire to be in the future, or whatever
job and company you desire to enter. You can conduct research in any subject you have undergone. This poses
endless opportunities for research in our society. In this module, you will discover the different types of research
across fields of interest.

OBJECTIVE
At the end of this module, the learner provides examples of research in areas of interest.

Preliminary Activity

COURSE MATCH!
Match the topics in the first column with the subjects/courses on the second column.

1. Strength of Materials A. Medicine

2. Farming Techniques for Rice Production B. History
3. Inquiry-Based Learning C. Economics
4. Effectiveness of Ampalaya Against Diabetes D. Psychology
5. Behavior among Adolescents E. Politics
6. World War II F. Entrepreneurship
7. Supply and Demand G. Education
8. Business H. Religion
9. Faith in God I. Engineering
10. Monarchy J. Agriculture

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATIONS OR TYPES OF RESEARCH?

A. Based on application of research method

1. Pure Research. This research is also known as basic research. Pure research focuses on answering
the basic questions, dealing with theoretical issues (concepts, principles, or abstract things). Pure
research aims to increase your knowledge about something. Early history of science in which
different scientists performed experiments for discovery of something (such as elements) contains
many examples of pure research.

2. Applied Research. This research deals with practical issues. No new principles are discovered in
applied research, rather existing knowledge is used to develop a new product or technique. Today’s
technology is actually one of the products of applied research.
 B. Based on type of data
1. Qualitative research
2. Quantitative research
3. Mixed-method research. This research incorporates both qualitative and quantitative approaches.

C. Based on area or field of activity (sociological research, social research, psychological research, scientific
research, educational research, etc.)

Both quantitative and qualitative research can be further divided into different types, which will not be included
in this module. The types of qualitative research will be discussed in greater detail on the next module, while
quantitative research will be the sole focus of Practical Research 2.

Activity #1

PURE OR APPLIED?
Analyze the following topics and classify them under PURE or APPLIED research.

1. Antibiotic and Antiglycemic Effect of Makahiya Leaves

2. The Nature of Coronavirus
3. Effectiveness of Americium in Smoke Detectors
4. Increasing Students’ Understanding of Math through Explicit Teaching
5. Properties of Complex Numbers

Activity #2

RESEARCH MATCH!
Read the following research problems and answer by writing the type of research based on field of
inquiry in which it belongs to. Choose from the choices below.
A. Scientific Research D. Psychological Research
B. Business Research E. Educational Research
C. Sociological Research

1. Effectiveness of Online Classes

2. The Behavioral Effects of Prolonged Isolation
3. Franchising Strategies
4. Effects of Divorce on Children
5. The Effect of Sunlight on Plant’s Growth
 EVALUATION

A. Provide examples of research topics in the following areas of interest. Give one sample topic for
pure research and one for applied research. (Do not copy from the examples given in the module.)

Area of Interest Pure Research Applied Research

Medicine

Agriculture

Sports

B. Provide examples of research topics in the following areas of interest. You can give either one
sample topic for qualitative research and one for quantitative research. (Do not copy from the
examples given in the module.)

Area of Interest Qualitative Research Quantitative Research

Education

Transportation

C. Write at least 2 benefits brought upon by the results of research in the following fields of inquiry.
Be as specific as possible.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

1. _____________________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________________

Law and Criminology

1. _____________________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________________

Business
1. _____________________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________________

Health
1. _____________________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________________

Education
1. _____________________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________________
 EXTENSION

What are the new things I’ve learned throughout this unit? How can I apply them in daily life?

Write them in three to four paragraphs on a yellow paper.

References
How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education (7th Ed.) by Fraenkel and Wallen, pp. 7 – 20

Practical Research 1 by Baraceros, pp. 8 – 17

https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Furman_University/CHM101%3A_Chemistry_and_Global_Awaren
ess_(Gordon)/01%3A_Introduction_to_Chemistry/1.03%3A_Basic_and_Applied_Research

Congratulations! You’ve reached the end of Unit 1.

 ANSWER KEY

MODULE 1 – Importance of Research in Daily Life

Preliminary Activity
1. INQUIRE to ask; to put a question
2. PROBLEM a condition or situation that needs to be improved, solved or eliminated
3. GATHERING collecting
4. THINKING the process of using one’s mind to reason about something
5. SCIENTIFIC characterized by the methods or principles of science

Activity 1 - Only number 4 is the correct description of research.

Activity 2
INTERVIEWING COLLABORATION THINKING SKILLS
TAKING NOTES CREATIVITY READING SKILLS
WRITING SKILLS USE OF RESOURCES REASONING
COMPUTER SKILLS COMMUNICATION OBSERVATION
USE OF LIBRARY ANALYZING ART OF QUESTIONING

Activity 3 – Answers may vary.

EVALUATION – The teacher shall check this part.

MODULE 2 – Research Characteristics, Process and Ethics

Preliminary Activity
(1) D (2) C (3) B (4) D (5) A

Activity 1
1. Seeking informed consent (must be voluntary, not compulsory) , providing incentives (wrong
way of giving incentives)
2. Seeking information (sexual activity is sensitive)
3. Correct reporting (there is manipulation of data)
4. Seeking informed consent, possibility of causing harm (depending on the diet, it may potentially
cause discomfort or distress on children)

EVALUATION - The teacher shall check this part.

 ANSWER KEY

MODULE 3 – Qualitative Research vs. Quantitative Research

Preliminary Activity
1. In both pictures, the study is about whether someone would grab a free ice cream.
2. (Left – Right)
a. Involves numerical data - Involves nonnumerical data
b. Researcher tests how many - Researcher explores human behavior
people will grab free ice cream toward free ice cream
c. Close-ended question (implied in the - Open-ended question
picture)

Activity 1

Research Topic Quantitative or Reason

Qualitative
The Opinion of Masbateños to The data being sought (opinion of Masbateños) requires
Qualitative
Marcos’ Burial words.
Difference in Mathematical
Intelligence between ABM and Quantitative “Difference” indicates numerical (statistical) data.
GAS Students
Marketability of Buko Juice in Marketability (probably referring to how many product will
Quantitative
MNCHS Annex Campus be sold) requires numbers.
Reasons Behind Tardiness of The topic is more on understanding (or exploring) about the
Qualitative
Employees tardiness of employees. The topic involves human behavior.
If “satisfaction” refers to costumer’s level of satisfaction
Costumer’s Satisfaction on the Quantitative/ (e.g. rating scale), then quantitative.
Services of Jollibee Qualitative If “satisfaction” refers to costumer’s comments, then
qualitative.

EVALUATION - The teacher shall check this part.

MODULE 4 – Kinds of Research Across Fields

Preliminary Activity
(1) I (2) J (3) G (4) A (5) D
(6) B (7) C (8) F (9) H (10) E

Activity 1
(1) Pure (2) Pure (3) Applied (4) Applied (5) Pure

Activity 2
(1) E (2) D (3) B (4) C (5) A

EVALUATION – The teacher shall check this part.