Subject: SCIENCE Level: 10 Quarter: 2 Week: 5 Melc: Competency Code

SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)
Subject: SCIENCE Level: 10 Quarter: 2 Week: 5
MELC: Competency Code :

Explain the effects of electromagnetic radiation on living S10 FE-11e-f-49
things and the environment
Name __________________________ Section ________ Date ________
School __________________________ District __________________________
A. Readings/Discussions
Radiation exists all around us, from both natural and manmade sources, and is in two
forms: ionizing and non-ionizing radiation.
Ionizing radiation is a form of energy that acts by removing electrons from atoms and
molecules of materials that include air, water, and living tissue. Non-ionizing radiation on the
other hand exists all around us from many sources. It is to the left of ionizing radiation on the
electromagnetic spectrum.
The electromagnetic spectrum is a continuum of electromagnetic waves arranged

according to frequency and wavelength. It is a gradual progression from the waves of lowest
frequencies to the waves of highest frequencies. According to increasing frequency and
decreasing wavelength, the EM spectrum includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible
light, ultraviolet, x-rays and gamma rays.
The different types of electromagnetic waves are defined by the amount of energy carried
by the photons. Photons are bundles of wave energy. From among the EM waves, the
gamma rays have photons of high energies while radio waves have photons with the lowest
energies.
Electromagnetic radiations are radiation emitted from cellular phones, cell phone towers,
Wi-Fi, TV and FM towers, microwave ovens, etc. It causes significant health hazards on
humans, animals and the environment.
The human body, like any object radiates infrared radiation and the amount emitted
depends on the temperature of the body. Although infrared radiation cannot be seen by the
human eye, it can be detected by sensors.
Certain factors affect the degree of injury caused by radiation. These are the type of
radiation, the absorbed dose, the rate at which the dose was absorbed and the sensitivity of
the tissue involved. Here, the cellular function may be temporarily or permanently impaired
from the radiation or the cell may be destroyed. The higher the radiation dose, the higher the
probability of death. This is because high radiation doses tend to kill cells. Too much radiation
also causes the reddening of the skin or loss of hair.
People are exposed to natural sources of ionizing radiation as well as man-made

sources such as x-rays, and medical devices. As the use of ionizing radiation increases, so
does the potential for health hazards if not properly used or contained. Some potential risks
include the increase in the probability of getting cancer and increase in the probability of birth
defect. This is due to exposure to radiation during pregnancy.
Radiation has been a part of our environment already. It has been responsible for
heating the Earth’s interior. A greater amount of radiation that we received comes from
cosmic radiation. Natural environmental radiation is the one that constantly hits us, that is why
whenever possible, additional exposure to it should be avoided. Too much radiation
absorption is damaging to living molecules and cells. The bonds holding the molecules
together may break and cells may die. It can cause mutations and offsprings that are
different from the parents. In water, the radioactive particles tend to accumulate at the bottom.
The result is contamination of aquatic plants and fishes living in that environment.
Radio frequency radiation and microwave radiation produce heat when exposed to high
level. This can lead to burns and body tissue damage. Two areas of the body, the eyes and
the testes are particularly vulnerable to this because there is relatively little blood flow in them
to carry away the excess heat.
But radiation does not only involve risks but benefits as well. The regions in the
electromagnetic spectrum have various uses and applications as follows:
EM Wave Applications/Uses
Radio waves Radio and television communication
Microwaves Satellite television and communication
Infrared waves Remote control, household electrical appliances
Visible light Artificial lighting, optical fibers in medical uses, screen of

electronic devices
Ultraviolet Sterilization, Fluorescence
X-rays Medical use, engineering applications
Gamma rays Medical treatment

B. Exercises
Exercise 1. Calculating your Annual Radiation Dose
Direction:
1. Examine the first column in Table 5.6. Use the entries as guide for calculating the dose
received from any of the sources mentioned.
2. Thick about the activities you did last year (travel, medical check-up, etc) when filling out
the 2nd column of the same table.
3. After completing the table, try to answer the following questions:
a. The average annual radiation dose is around 2.3 mSV (millisievert), how does your
calculated average compare with this value?
b. How does the dose you receive from the natural sources compare with what you
receive from manufactured or artificial sources?
c. Which among the sources listed in the table gives you highest radiation dose?
d. How will you lessen your radiation dose? List all possible activities/practices that will
enable you to do this.
Table 5.6. Annual Radiation Dose
Sources Calculated Dose (mSv)
Natural Sources
A. Cosmic Radiation
* Average dose at sea level 0.25

* add 0.001 for each 30 meters above sea level _________
* add 0.004 for every hour in flight
_________
(internation/domestic)
B. Terrestrial (inhaled)
* Average annual dose 1.35

* add 0.35 if you live in a brick stone house __________
* add 0.30 if you live in a concrete house __________
* add 1.35 if your house is made of granite __________
* add 1.35 if you live in a cellar __________
* deduct 0.14 if you live in a wooden house
__________
* deduct 0.28 if you live in a tent
__________
* deduct 0. 68 if you live out in the open
___________
C. Terrestrial (ingested)
* Annual average 0.35
* add 1.0 if you have eaten food affected by ____________
Chernobyl
* add 0.30 if you have eaten radioactively ____________
contaminated fish or shellfish
Man-made Sources
A. Medical Exposure
* add 0.02 for a dental x-ray ____________
* add 0.05 for a chest x-ray ____________
* add 0.15 for a skull x-ray ____________
* add 1.2 for a pelvic x-ray ____________
* add 2.0 for a spinal x-ray ____________
* add 12 for a cobalt-60 treatment ____________
B. Power stations
* add 0.05 if you live near a nuclear power plant ____________
* add 0.06 if you live near coal-burning power plants _____________
* add 0.005 if you live 1.6 meters from a nuclear _____________

power plant
*add 0.004 if you live 1.6 kilometers from a coal- _____________
power plant
C. Other sources
* from weapons fall out 0.005
* average from Chernobyl accident 0.005
* average from luminous watches, etc 0.001
* add 0.001 for every hour watching TV _______
TOTAL
Exercise 2: Arrange the electromagnetic waves in order of wavelength, starting

with the longest wavelength. Use the numbers at the left to match it with those at the
left.
1 Gamma rays
2 X –rays
3 Ultraviolet rays
4 Microwaves
5 Infrared waves
6 Visible light
7 Radio waves
C. Assessment/Application/Outputs (Please refer to DepEd Order No. 31, s. 2020)
1. What type of electromagnetic is used in radar?
A. Infrared rays B. Microwaves C. Radio waves D. Ultra-violet rays
2. Which electromagnetic wave carries more energy than the others?

A. Microwaves B. Radio waves C. UV radiation D. visible light
3. Which of the following is a long- term health effects of radiation?

A. cancer B. diarrhea C. fever D. skin burns
4. The following are effects of radiation EXCEPT

a. offsprings are different from parents
b. contamination of aquatic plants
c. loss of hair
d. none of these
5. Which of the following has the longest wavelength?

A. Infrared B. Microwaves C. Radio waves D. Visible light
For numbers 6 to 15, state the type of electromagnetic wave used in each application.
_________________ 6. Satellite communication

_________________ 7. Texting
_________________ 8. TV broadcasting
_________________ 9. Radar
_________________ 10. Checking bankbook signature
_________________ 11. Camera autofocusing
_________________ 12. Radio broadcasting
_________________ 13. Diagnosis of bone fracture
_________________ 14. Sterilization of water in drinking fountains
_________________ 15. Sterilization of medical instruments

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SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject: SCIENCE Level: 10 Quarter: 2 Week: 5

MELC: Competency Code :

Name __________________________ Section ________ Date ________

School __________________________ District __________________________

The electromagnetic spectrum is a continuum of electromagnetic waves arranged

People are exposed to natural sources of ionizing radiation as well as man-made

Radio waves Radio and television communication

Microwaves Satellite television and communication

Infrared waves Remote control, household electrical appliances

Visible light Artificial lighting, optical fibers in medical uses, screen of

Ultraviolet Sterilization, Fluorescence

X-rays Medical use, engineering applications

Gamma rays Medical treatment

Exercise 1. Calculating your Annual Radiation Dose

received from any of the sources mentioned.

the 2nd column of the same table.

3. After completing the table, try to answer the following questions:

calculated average compare with this value?

receive from manufactured or artificial sources?

enable you to do this.

Table 5.6. Annual Radiation Dose

Sources Calculated Dose (mSv)

* Average dose at sea level 0.25

* Average annual dose 1.35

* Annual average 0.35

* add 1.0 if you have eaten food affected by ____________

* add 0.30 if you have eaten radioactively ____________

contaminated fish or shellfish

* add 0.02 for a dental x-ray ____________

* add 0.05 for a chest x-ray ____________

* add 0.15 for a skull x-ray ____________

* add 1.2 for a pelvic x-ray ____________

* add 2.0 for a spinal x-ray ____________

* add 12 for a cobalt-60 treatment ____________

* add 0.05 if you live near a nuclear power plant ____________

* add 0.06 if you live near coal-burning power plants _____________

* add 0.005 if you live 1.6 meters from a nuclear _____________

*add 0.004 if you live 1.6 kilometers from a coal- _____________

* from weapons fall out 0.005

* average from Chernobyl accident 0.005

* average from luminous watches, etc 0.001

* add 0.001 for every hour watching TV _______

Exercise 2: Arrange the electromagnetic waves in order of wavelength, starting

2. Which electromagnetic wave carries more energy than the others?

3. Which of the following is a long- term health effects of radiation?

4. The following are effects of radiation EXCEPT

5. Which of the following has the longest wavelength?

_________________ 6. Satellite communication

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