How to Configure VLAN, STP, DTP Step by Step

Guide?
In this tutorial we will demonstrate that how can you

 Configure Access or Trunk links

 Create VLAN
 Assign VLAN membership
 Configure Intra VLAN routing
 Configure VTP Server
 Make VTP Clients
 Show STP Static
 Configure DTP port 
To complete these labs either creates a topology as shown in figure or downloads this file and loads it in
packet tracer
Task

You are the administrator at router-switch.com have two department sales and management. You have
given three pc for sales and three pc in management. You created two VLAN. VLAN 10 for sales and
VLAN20 for management. For backup purpose you have interconnected switch with one extra connection.
You have one router for intera VLAN communications.

Let’s start configuration first assign IP address to all pc’s

To assign IP address double click on pc and select ip configurations from desktop tab and give ip address as
shown in table given above

VLAN Trunking Protocol

Configure VTP Server

We will first create a VTP Server so it can automatically propagate VLAN information to other switch. Double
click on Switch1 and select CLI. Set hostname to S1 and create VTP domain name example and set
password to vinita (Remember password is case sensitive).

Switch 1

Switch>enable

Switch#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

 Switch(config)#hostname S1

S1(config)#vtp mode server

Device mode already VTP SERVER.

S1(config)#vtp domain academy

Changing VTP domain name from NULL to example

S1(config)#vtp password elysium

Setting device VLAN database password to vinita

Configure VTP clients

Once you have created a VTP domain. Configure remaining Switch to Client mode.

Switch 2

Switch>enable

Switch#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Switch(config)#hostname S2

S2(config)#vtp mode client

Setting device to VTP CLIENT mode.

S2(config)#vtp domain academy

Changing VTP domain name from NULL to example

S2(config)#vtp password elysium

Setting device VLAN database password to vinita

S2(config)#

Switch 3

Switch>enable

Switch#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.

Switch(config)#hostname S3

S3(config)#vtp mode client

Setting device to VTP CLIENT mode.

S3(config)#vtp domain academy

Changing VTP domain name from NULL to example

S3(config)#vtp password elysium

Setting device VLAN database password to

 S3(config)#

Dynamic Trunking Protocol

Configure DTP port

All Switch ports remain by default in access mode. Access port can not transfer the trunk frame. Change
mode to trunk on all the port those are used to interconnect the switches

Switch 1

S1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/24

S1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/24,

changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/24,

changed state to up

S1(config-if)#exit

S1(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1

S1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

S1(config-if)#exit

S1(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/2

S1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/2,

changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/2,

changed state to up

S1(config-if)#exit

S1(config)#

Switch 2

S2(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1

S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/1,

changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/1,

changed state to up

S2(config-if)#exit
 S2(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/2

S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

S2(config-if)#exit

S2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/23

S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/23,

changed state to down

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/23,

changed state to up

S2(config-if)#exit

S2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/24

S2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

S2(config-if)#exit

Switch 3

S3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/24

S3(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

S3(config-if)#exit

S3(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 1/1

S3(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

S3(config-if)#exit

Virtual LAN (VLAN)

Create VLAN

After VTP server configuration it’s time to organize VLAN. We need only to create VLAN on VTP server and
reset will be done by VTP Server automatically.

Switch 1

S1(config)#vlan 10

S1(config-vlan)#exit

S1(config)#vlan 20

S1(config-vlan)#exit

S1(config)#

As we have already configured VTP server in our network so we don’t need to create VLAN on S2 or S3.
We need only to associate VLAN with port.

Assign VLAN membership

Switch 1

S1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

S1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

S1(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2

S1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20

Switch 2

S2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

S2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

S2(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2

S2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20

Switch 3

S3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1

S3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

S3(config-if)#interface fastEthernet 0/2

S3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20

Now we have two working vlan. To test connectivity do ping form 10.0.0.2 to 10.0.0.3 and 10.0.0.4. if you get
successfully replay then you have successfully created VLAN and VTP server.

Spanning-Tree Protocol

In this configuration STP will block these ports F0/24 of S1 , F0/23 and F0/24 of S2 and F0/24 of S3 to avoid
loop at layer to two. Verify those ports blocked due to STP functions

Verify STP ports

Switch 2

S2#show spanning-tree active

VLAN0001

  Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee

  Root ID    Priority    32769

             Address     0002.174D.7794

             Cost        4

             Port        26(GigabitEthernet1/2)

             Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 sec

  Bridge ID  Priority    32769  (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)

             Address     00D0.FF08.82E1

              Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 sec

             Aging Time  20

 
Interface        Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type

—————- —- — ——— ——– —————————

Fa0/1            Desg FWD 19        128.1    P2p

Fa0/2            Desg FWD 19        128.2    P2p

Fa0/23           Desg FWD 19        128.23   P2p

Fa0/24           Altn BLK 19        128.24   P2p

Gi1/1            Desg FWD 4         128.25   P2p

Gi1/2            Root FWD 4         128.26   P2p

[Output is omitted]

S2#

You can test STP protocols status on S1 and S3 also with

show spanning-tree active command

Router on Stick

At this point of configuration you have two successfully running VLAN but they will not connect each other. To
make intra VLAN communications we need to configure router . To do this double click on router and select
CLI.

Configure intra VLAN

Router

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#no ip address

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.10

Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 10

Router(config-subif)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-subif)#exit

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0.20

 Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1Q 20

Router(config-subif)#ip address 20.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-subif)#exit

To test connectivity between different vlan do ping form any pc to all reaming pc. it should be ping
successfully. If you have error download this configured topology and cross check that where you have
committed mistake.

Configured VLAN VTP STP topology

VLAN VTP Server STP DTP command reference sheet

Creates VLAN 10 and enters VLAN configuration mode for further

Switch(config)#vlan 10
definitions.
Switch(config-vlan)#name Assigns a name to the VLAN. The length of the name can be from 1
Sales to 32 characters.
Applies changes, increases the revision number by 1, and returns to
Switch(config-vlan)#exit
global configuration mode.
Switch(config)#interface
Moves to interface configuration mode
fastethernet 0/1
Switch(config-
Sets the port to access mode
if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-
if)#switchport access vlan Assigns this port to VLAN 10
10
Switch#show vlan Displays VLAN information
Switch#show vlan brief Displays VLAN information in brief
Switch#show vlan id 10 Displays information about VLAN 10 only
Switch#show vlan name
Displays information about VLAN named sales only
sales
Switch#show interfaces
Displays interface characteristics for the specified VLAN
vlan x
Switch#delete Removes the entire VLAN database from flash.
flash:vlan.dat Make sure there is no space between the colon (:) and the characters
Delete filename [vlan.dat]? vlan.dat. You can potentially erase the entire contents of the flash with
Delete flash:vlan.dat? this command if the syntax is not correct. Make sure you read the
[confirm] output from the switch. If you need to cancel, press ctrl+c to escape
Switch# back to privileged mode:
Switch(config)#interface
Moves to interface configuration mode.
fastethernet 0/5
Switch(config-if)#no Removes port from VLAN 5 and reassigns it to VLAN 1—the default
switchport access vlan 5 VLAN.
Switch(config-if)#exit Moves to global configuration mode.
Switch(config)#no vlan 5 Removes VLAN 5 from the VLAN database.
Switch#copy running-
Saves the configuration in NVRAM
config startupconfig
Switch(config-if) Puts the interface into permanent trunking mode and negotiates to
#switchport mode trunk convert the link into a trunk link.
Switch(config)#vtp mode
Changes the switch to VTP server mode.
server
Switch(config)#vtp mode
Changes the switch to VTP client mode.
client
Switch(config)#vtp mode
Changes the switch to VTP transparent mode.
transparent
Switch(config)#no vtp mode Returns the switch to the default VTP server mode.
Switch(config)#vtp domain Configures the VTP domain name. The name can be from 1 to 32
domain-name characters long.
Switch(config)#vtp Configures a VTP password
password password .

Switch(config)#vtp pruning Enables VTP pruning

Switch#show vtp status Displays general information about VTP configuration
Switch#show vtp counters Displays the VTP counters for the switch