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Physics Case Study On Fluids

The Plimsoll line on ships is higher for fresh water than salt water because salt water is denser due to its higher salt content. A hydrometer measures liquid density by how far it floats in a liquid based on Stokes' law. It is used to analyze soil particle size and density. A hot air balloon rises because the heated air inside is less dense than the surrounding cooler air, causing the less dense air to rise.

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273 views

Physics Case Study On Fluids

The Plimsoll line on ships is higher for fresh water than salt water because salt water is denser due to its higher salt content. A hydrometer measures liquid density by how far it floats in a liquid based on Stokes' law. It is used to analyze soil particle size and density. A hot air balloon rises because the heated air inside is less dense than the surrounding cooler air, causing the less dense air to rise.

Uploaded by

Amaar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics Case Study on Fluids

Q1. The Plimsoll Line on a ship indicates the safe loading level used for international trade to
represent the safety levels in different waters. Explain why a ship’s Plimsoll line has a mark for
fresh water which is higher on the hull than the mark for salt water.

 The depth varies because


of the various densities
of water at different
locations. In salt water,
the ship will be more
buoyant because salt
water is denser than
fresh water. This is
because salt is denser
than water and so if you
add it to water the
resulting solution is
denser than pure water.
 Taking the above information into consideration, we can say that if the temperature
increases the density of the saltwater increases. This is because as the temperature
increases, more fresh water is evaporated, and this results in an increased salt to water
ratio.
 This therefore results in increased density of the water. This explains why the Plimsoll
line for summer is below the Plimsoll line for fresh water as the ship is more buoyant. 
(https://helenthehare.org.uk/2014/12/07/the-plimsoll-line-by-year-12-physics-students/)

Q2. Demonstrate the use of a hydrometer and explain its use in real – world contexts.
 Hydrometer, device for measuring some characteristics of a liquid, such as
its density (weight per unit volume) or specific gravity (weight per unit volume
compared with water).
 The device consists essentially of a weighted, sealed, long-necked glass bulb that is
immersed in the liquid being measured; the depth of flotation gives an indication of
liquid density, and the neck can be calibrated to read density, specific gravity, or some
other related characteristic.
 The Hydrometer Analysis of Soil:
The hydrometer analysis of soil, based
on Stokes’ law, calculates the size of soil
particles from the speed at which they
settle out of suspension from a liquid.
Results from the test show the grain size
distribution for soils finer than the No. 200
(75µm) sieve. However, when combined
with a sieve analysis, offer a complete
gradation profile of soils containing coarser materials.
( https://scienceequip.com.au/blogs/news/what-are-hydrometers-and-its-uses)

Q3. Explain why a hot-air balloon rises when first released.

 The reason why the hot air balloon rises is


because hot air rises.  The inside air that has been
heated rises due to the difference of density
between the hot and cold air particles. 
 The heated air, the air that is inside the balloon, is
less dense than the cool air, the air outside of the
balloon.  And objects that are less dense rise.  

(http://faculty.cord.edu/manning/physics215/studentpages/amandarenchin.html)

Q4. A stone of mass 125 g is attached to a spring balance and lowered in to a bowl of
water until it is completely submerged. The reading on the balance is seen to be
1.0 N. Calculate

a) The upthrust acting on the stone.


U=Wf=mg
=0.125 x 9.81
=1.22625-1
=0.23 kg ms-1
b) The volume of water displaced
=Wf/pw x g
=0.23/1000 x 9.81
=2.34 x 10-5
c) The density of the stone.
=0.125/2.34 x 10-5
= 5332kg m-3

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