Unit 3: Recognizing the GAMABA and the National Artists

Topic 2: The GAMABA and the National Artists

Time Allotment: 3 hours

Learning Objectives

At the end of the session, you will be able to:

a. Discuss the background of the GAMABA;

b. Distinguish the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Award from National
Artists Award; and
c. Express appreciation on their contribution to the Philippine arts.

Activating Prior Learning

Name at least 3 to 5 Filipino local artists or national artists you know and their
artworks. Complete the matrix below.

Artist Artwork Meaning

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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 Unit 3: Recognizing the GAMABA and the National Artists

Presentation of Content

How did GAMBABA originate?

Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Awards or GAMABA is an award that

acknowledges folk and indigenous artists who, despite the modern times, remain
true to their traditions. It is administered by the National Commission for Culture
and the Arts (NCCA) through Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Committee.
GAMABA began as a project of the Philippine Rotary Club Makati-Ayala.
In 1992, it was adopted by the government and institutionalized Republic Act No.
7355. This award aims to support and motivate these artists to preserve their artistic
heritage for the present and future generations. These artists are also recognized as
the country’s National Living Treasures.
The GAWAD sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) or the National Living
Treasures Award gives recognition to Filipino traditional craftsmen or artisans
whose skills have reached a high level of technical and artistic excellence and who
are tasked to pass on to the present generation knowledge threatened with
extinction.
NCCA chairman Felipe M. de Leon , Jr. spearheaded the institutionalization
of the award. The law was authored by senators Edgardo J. Angara, Heherson
Alvarez, Leticia ramos-Shahani, SOtero Laurel and congresswoman Kate Gordon.
On April 3, 1992, President Corazon C. Aquino signed Republic Act No.
7355, providing for the recognition of the national living treasures, otherwise
known as the Manlilikha ng Bayan, and the promotion and development of
traditional folk arts.
On December 17, 1993, the first awarding ceremony for Gawad sa
Manlilikha ng Bayan was held at the Malacaňan Palace (https://ncca.gov.ph/about-
culture-and-arts/culture-profile/gamaba/).

How does one become a Manlilikha ng Bayan?

To become a Manlilikha ng Bayan”, the candidate must possess the following:
1. He/She is an inhabitant of an indigenous/traditional cultural community
anywhere in the Philippines that has preserved indigenous customs, beliefs,
rituals and traditions and/or has syncretized whatever external elements that
have influenced it.

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2. He/She must have engaged in a folk art tradition that has been in existence
and documented for at least fifty(50)years.
3. He/She must have consistently performed or produced over significant
period, works of superior and distinctive quality.
4. He/She must possess a mastery of tools and materials needed by the art, and
must have an established reputation in the arts as master and maker of works
of extraordinary technical quality.
5. He/She must have passed on and/or will pass on to other members of the
community their skills in the folk art for which the community is
traditionally known.

A traditional artist who possesses all the qualities of a Manlilikha ng Bayan

candidate, but due to age or infirmity has left him/her incapable of teaching further
hi/her craft, may still be recognized if:
1. He/She has created a significant body of works and/or has consistently
displayed excellence in the practice of his/her art, thus achieving important
contributions for its development.
2. He/She has been instrumental in the revitalization of his/her community’s
artistic tradition.
3. He/She has passed on to the other members of the community skills in the
folk art for which the community is traditionally known.
4. His/Her community has recognized him/her as master and teacher of his/her
craft.

What are the incentives received by the awardee?

A Manlilika ng Bayan awardee receives a specially designed medallion, an initial
grant of P100,000 and P10.0000 monthly stipend for life. In consonance with the
provision of Republic Act No. 7355, which states that “the monetary grant may be
increased whenever circumstances so warrant, “the NCCA board approved monthly
personal allowance of P14,000 for the awardees as well as a maximum cumulative
amount of P750,000 medical and hospitalization benefit annually similar to that
received by the National Artists and funeral assistance /tribute fit for a National
Living Treasure.

List of awardees of the GAMABA can be accessed at https://ncca.gov.ph/about-

culture-and-arts/culture-profile/gamaba/. These include the following:

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GAMABA Awardees

GINAW BILOG (+ 2003), Poet, Hanunuo Mangyan,

Panaytayan, Oriental Mindoro, 1993
• Awarded for faithfully preserving the Hanunuo
Mangyan script and ambalan poetry.
• He has promoted the local script and poetry so
that the art will not be lost but preserved for
posterity.

MASINO INTARAY (+ 2013), Musician and Storyteller,

Pala’wan , Brookes Point, Palawan, 1993

• He was awarded for his exemplary skills in basal or

gong music ensemble.
• He was also recognized for his versatility as
musician, poet, epic chanter and storyteller of the
kulilal and bagit traditions of Pala’wan.

SAMAON SULAIMAN (+ 2011), Musician,

Magindanao, Mama sa Pano, Maguindanao, 1993

• He was awarded for his outstanding artistry and

dedication to his chosen instrument, the
Magindanao kutyapi.
• Kutyapi is a two-stringed plucked lute, regarded
as one of the most technically demanding and
difficult to master among Filipino traditional
instrument.

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LANG DULAY (+2015) , Textile Weaver, T’boli, Lake Sebu,

South Cotabato , 1998

• A T’boli of Lake Sebu, South Cotabato, was awarded for

weaving the abaca ikat cloth called t’nalak.
• She has produced creations which remain faithful to the
T’boli tradition as manifested in the complexity of her
design, fineness of workmanship and quality of finish.

SALINTA MONON (+ 2009), Textile Weaver, Tagabawa,

Bagobo, Bansalan, Davao del Sur, 1998

• She was awarded for fully demonstrating the creative

and expressive aspects of the Bagobo abaca ikat
weaving called inabal at a time when such art is
threatened with extinction.

ALONZO SACLAG, Musician and Dancer, Kalinga

for Lubuagan, Kalinga, 2000

• A Kalinga of Lubuagan, Kalinga was awarded for his

mastery of the Kalinga dance and the performing
arts.
• He was also recognized for his persistence to create
and nurture a greater consciousness and
appreciation of Kalinga culture among the Kalinga
themselves and beyond their borders.

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FEDERICO CABALLERO, Epic Chanter, Sulod-

Bukidnon, Calinog, Iloilo, 2000

• He has worked hard to document the oral

literature of his people.
• He preserved the epics that use a language
that has long been dead by working
together with scholars, artists, and
advocates of culture.

UWANG AHADAS, Musician, Yakan , Lamitan,

Basilan, 2000

• A Yakan of Lamitan, Basilan was awared for

his dexterity in playing Yakan musical
instruments such as the kwintagan, gabbang,
agung, kwintagang kayu, tuntungan among
others.
• He has a deep knowledge of the aesthetic
possibilities and social contexts of those
instruments.
• In spite of the dimming of his eyesight, he has
developed devoted his life to the teaching of
Yakan musical traditions.

DARHATA SAWABI (+ 2005), Textile Weaver, Tausug,

Parang, Sulu, 2004

• She is one of the master weavers in the island of

Jolo.
• Like most women in their tribe, she has learned
the art of weaving the pis syabit, the traditional
cloth tapestry worn as head cover by the Tausu
of Jolo, from her mother.

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EDUARDO MUTUC, Metalsmith, Kapampangan ,

Apalit, Pampanga , 2004
• A Kapampangan from Central Luzon is recognized for
reviving the Spanish colonial-era craft of Plateria.
• This self-taught master craftsman found his calling in
producing religious and secular art in silver, bronze
and wood.
• In doing so, and in his pursuit of perfection for himself
and his apprentices, he assures the continuity of this
rich tradition.

HAJA AMINA APPI (+ 2013), Mat Weaver, Sama,

Tandubas, Tawi-Tawi , 2004

She is recognized as the master mat weaver among the

Sama indigenous community of Ungos Matata. Her mats
are known for their complex geometric patterns,
proportion, and unique combination of colors.

TEOFILO GARCIA, Casque Maker, Ilocano, San Quintin,

Abra, 2012
He learned how to make gourd casques and weave baskets
from his grandfather at the age of 16.

Since he learned the craft, he never stopped experimenting

with other designs.

He previously used nito(vine trimmings) to decorate the

headgear and then used with other materials such as bamboo
after his supplier from Cagayan passed away.

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MAGDALENA GAMAYO, Textile Weaver, Ilocano, Pinili,

Ilocos Norte, 2012
She has taught herself the traditional patterns of binakol,
inuritan(geometric design), kusikos(spiral forms similar to oranges),
and sinan-sabong (flowers).

She has learned the art of weaving from her aunt and started harnessing
her innate skills at the age of 16. She may be in her late 80s but she
still manages to arrange threads on the loom, which is the hardest task
in textile weaving.

AMBALANG AUSALIN, Textile Weaver, Yakan of Basilan,

2016, (born 4 March 1943)

Her skill is deemed incomparable: she is able to bring forth

all designs and actualize all textile categories typical to the
Yakan.

She can execute the suwah bekkat(cross-stitch-like

embellishment and suwah pendan(embroidery-like
embellishment) techniques of the bunga sama category.

ESTELITA BANTILAN, Mat Weaver, Sarangani, 2016, (born

17 October 1940)

The child Labnai, already precocious in mat weaving, took on the

name Estelita in the 1960s.

When she married, becoming Mrs. Bantilan, she raised a family in the
foreign faith. But she kept to her mat weaving. She persisted where
other women could not because her husband Tuwada was atypically
supportive.

YABING MASALON DULO, Ikat Weaver, 2016, (born 8

August 1914)

She believes herself older than ninety. Her identity card marks that
age, however, and date of birth, the fourteenth of August supposedly
1910.
Since the venerable ikat-dyer has a memory sharper than blades. It
seems always best to follow her counsel.
In Mindanao, Ikat is, for the most part, an extinct form of art-making,
community-making, equilibrium- making.
But for Dulo, Blaan ikat dyeing is an extinct form of human endeavor
in a world gone the way of the forests. 81
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WHAT IS A NATIONAL ARTIST?

Who is a National Artist?

A National Artist is a Filipino citizen who has been given the rank and title of
National Artist in recognition of his or her significant contributions to the
development of Philippine arts and letters. The rank and title of National Artist is
conferred by means of a Presidential Proclamation. It recognizes excellence in the
fields of Music, Dance, Theater, Visual Arts, Literature, Film and Broadcast Arts,
and Architecture or Allied Arts (https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/the-order-of-
national-artists/).

The very first recipient of this award was painter Fernando Amorsolo, who was
touted as the “Grand Old Man of Philippine Art.” He was the sole awardee in the
year 1972, a National Artist for Visual Arts.
WHAT IS ARTISTS?
ARTISTS?
NATIONAL WHAT
THE ORDER
IS THEOF ORDER
NATIONAL
OF
What is the Order of National Artists?

Those who have been proclaimed National Artists are given a Grand Collar
symbolizing their status. Recipients of this Grand Collar make up the Order of
National Artists. The Order of National Artists (Orden ng Gawad Pambansang
Alagad ng Sining) is thus a rank, a title, and a wearable award that represents the
highest national recognition given to Filipinos who have made distinct
contributions in the field of arts and letters. It is jointly administered by the National
Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and the Cultural Center of the
Philippines (CCP), and is conferred by the President of the Philippines upon
recommendation by both institutions.

As one of the Honors of the Philippines, it embodies the nation’s highest ideals in
humanism and aesthetic expression through the distinct achievements of individual
citizens. The Order of National Artists shares similarities with orders, decorations,
and medals of other countries recognizing contributions to their national culture
such as, the U.S. National Medal for the Arts, and the Order of Culture of Japan.

According to the rules of the National Commission on Culture and the Arts, the
Order of National Artists should be conferred every three years.
CRITERIA FOR THE ORDER OF NATIONAL
ARTISTS
What are the Criteria for the Order of National Artists?

1. Living artists who are Filipino citizens at the time of nomination, as well as those
who died after the establishment of the award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at
the time of their death;

2. Artists who, through the content and form of their works, have contributed in
building a Filipino sense of nationhood;

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3. Artists who have pioneered in a mode of creative expression or style, thus earning
distinction and making an impact on succeeding generations of artists;

4. Artists who have created a substantial and significant body of work and/or
consistently displayed excellence in the practice of their art form thus enriching
artistic expression or style; and

5. Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through: (a) prestigious national and/or
international recognition, such as the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining, CCP Thirteen
Artists Award and NCCA Alab ng Haraya;(b) critical acclaim and/or reviews of
their works; and (c) respect and esteem from peers.

What are the incentives received by the awardee?

A person who receives this title gets the following honors and privileges:

1. Rank and title of National Artist, as proclaimed by the President of the

Philippines;

2. Insignia of a National Artist and a citation;

3. Cash awards, monthly life pension, medical, and hospitalization benefits, life
insurance coverage, state funeral and burial at the Libingan ng mga
Bayani (Heroes’ Cemetery), and a place of honor at national state functions along
with recognition at cultural events

There are 66 recognized National Artists to date, with the fields of Visual Arts,
Literature, and Music having the most number of recognized National Artists. The
complete list of National Artists can be found on pages 89-90.

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Here are some of the more well-known National Artists of the Philippines: (Photo
grabbed from arkitektura.ph)

Leandro V. Locsin (Architecture, 1990)

A man who believes that true Philippine Architecture “is the product
of two great streams of culture, the oriental and the occidental… to
produce a new object of profound harmony,” Leandro V. Locsin is the
man responsible for designing everything you see at CCP Complex –
the Cultural Center of the Philippines, Folk Arts Theatre, Philippine
International Convention Center, Philcite, and The Westin Hotel (now
Sofitel Philippine Plaza).

Lino Brocka (Cinema, 1997)

Catalino “Lino” Ortiz Brocka is known to many as one of, if not the
greatest Filipino director of all time. He espoused “freedom of
expression” throughout all his films, injecting each and every one
with a social activist spirit. Some of his well-known works
include Tinimbang Ka Ngunit Kulang (1974), Maynila sa mga Kuko
ng Liwanag (1975), and Insiang (1976), the latter being the first
Filipino film to be shown at Cannes.

Carlos “Botong” Francisco (Visual Arts, 1973)

Hailing from the Art Capital of the Philippines, Angono native Carlos
“Botong” Francisco is known for single-handedly reviving the modern
art of murals through works that showed slices of the past. He was
such a prolific muralist that he became its most well-known
practitioner for almost 30 years.

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Levi Celerio (Literature and Music, 1997)

Levi Celerio, a prolific lyricist and composer, is known for having

effortlessly translating or rewriting lyrics of traditional Filipino
melodies like “O Maliwanag Na Buwan” (Iloko), “Ako ay May
Singsing” (Pampango), and “Alibangbang” (Visaya). He’s also
been immortalized in the Guinness Book of World Records as
the only person to make music using just a leaf.

Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero (Theater, 1997)

Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero is a teacher and theater artist who, in his 35 years
of teaching, has mentored some of the country’s best Filipino
performing artists, including Joy Virata and Joonee Gamboa. He is also
the founder and artistic director of the UP Mobile Theater, leading the
way for the concept of a theater campus by bringing theater closer to
students and audiences in the countryside.

Leonor Orosa Goquingco

Leonor Orosa Goquingco is a pioneer Filipino choreographer known

to many as “The Trailblazer,” “The Mother of Philippine Theater
Dance,” and “Dean of Filipino Performing Arts Critics.” She has
produced stunning choreographies during her 50-year career,
highlighted by “Filipinescas: Philippine Life, Legend, and Love,” which
elevated native folk dance to its highest stage of development.

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Sionil Jose (Literature, 2001)

One of the few living national artists, F. Sionil Jose is best

known for creating the five-novel masterpiece known as the
Rosales saga: Poon; Tree; My Brother, My Executioner; The
Pretenders; and Mass. Set in the town of Rosales,
Pangasinan, it talks about the five generations of two families,
the Samsons and the Asperri, during the Spanish and
American occupation.

Lucrecia R. Kasilag (Music, 1989)

If you’re a fan of Filipino artists that blend Filipino ethnic and

Western music, then you should probably get to know
Lucrecia R. Kasilag. An educator, composer, performing
artist, administrator, and cultural entrepreneur, she is seen
as the pioneering figure for fusing Filipino ethnic and
Western music, helping elevate Filipino’s appreciation for
music. Her best work is the prize-winning Toccata for
Percussions and Winds, Divertissement and Concertante,
which incorporates indigenous Filipino instruments.

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The 7 Newly Awarded Artists in the Philippines

The Order of
National Artists is the
highest recognition
given by the
government to
Filipinos who have
made significant
contributions to the
development of
Philippine arts. The
Philippine president
names them based on
the recommendations
of the National
Commission for
Culture and the Arts and the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP).

The country’s 7 new National Artists are:

1. Larry Alcala, National Artist for Visual Arts

Editorial cartoonist and illustrator Alcala’s pen brought to life the cartoon series
Slice of Life in the Weekend Magazine, Mang Ambo in the Weekly Graphic, and
Kalabog en Bosyo, the first comic strip where characters spoke in Taglish. His
many works portrayed the idiosyncracies of the Filipino, especially our ability to
laugh at ourselves in the face of great adversity, as personified in the character of
Mang Ambo. The two detectives in Kalabog en Bosyo were brought to the big
screen and played by comedians Dolphy and Panchito in a film by Sampaguita
Pictures. Alcala died in 2002 at the age of 75.

2. Amelia Lapeña Bonifacio, National Artist for Theater

For her work in writing plays, promoting children’s theater, and puppetry,
Bonifacio has been called the “Grande Dame of Southeast Asian Children’s
Theater.” She has penned 40 plays, 20 books, and 30 stories, according to
panitikan.ph, and was chairperson of the University of the Philippines’ Creative
Writing Program. She founded Teatrong Mulat ng Pilipinas, a children’s theater
and puppetry troupe based in UP.

3. Ryan Cayabyab, National Artist for Music

“Mr C” is perhaps the most famous Filipino composer in recent history. He has
composed musical scores for award-winning films, 10 full-length Filipino
musicals, full-length ballets, a major opera, and a plethora of songs, including
beloved classics like “Tuwing Umuulan at Kapiling Ka” and “Da Coconut Nut.” A
force for original Pilipino music, he has spearheaded the Philippine Popular Music

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Festival and served as judge in talent shows, like Philippine Idol and Philippine
Dream Academy. He leads the 7-member Ryan Cayabyab Singers.

4. Francisco ‘Bobby’ Mañosa, National Artist for Architecture

If Mañosa is a name unknown to you, the same likely cannot be said of his iconic
works. The architect known for his modern interpretation of Philippine
architectural design and use of indigenous materials is behind the Coconut Palace,
world-famous Amanpulo Resort in Palawan, Pearl Farm in Samal Island, Shangri-
La Hotel in Mactan, and the San Miguel building in Mandaluyong, among others.
For his pioneering vision and promotion of indigenous Filipino architecture,
Mañosa has garnered many accolades, both locally and internationally.

5. Resil Mojares, National Artist for Literature

Mojares is a multi-awarded writer, historian, and literary critic. His works include
Origins and Rise of the Filipino Novel, The War Against the Americans, and books
about eminent Filipinos, such as Vicente Sotto, Pedro Paterno, Isabelo delos Reyes,
and Trinidad Pardo de Tavera. He has won several National Book Awards from the
Manila Critics Circle and founded the Cebuano Studies Center, a library and
research center dedicated to Cebuano culture and history.

6. Ramon Muzones, National Artist for Literature

Muzones is the preeminent name in West Visayan fiction. He is best known for his
Hiligaynon novel Margosatubig: The Story of Salagunting, about a fictional
Muslim state in Mindanao and the struggles of its hero, Salagunting, to wrest it
from the clutches of usurpers. A tale that combines intrigue, romance, pre-colonial
lore, fantasy, and adventure, it unfolded as a series in the Hiligaynon magazine
Yuhum. In 1989, he received the Gawad CCP para sa Sining, an award given every
3 years to artists whose works have enriched their art form. His proclamation as
National Artist is posthumous as Muzones died in 1992.

7. Kidlat Tahimik, National Artist for Cinema

Widely regarded as the father of independent Philippine cinema, Kidlat Tahimik
(real name: Eric de Guia) is known for creating films that humorously but
evocatively critique neocolonialism. A native of Baguio City, Tahimik has garnered
numerous international and local awards for his films. His first, Perfumed
Nightmare (1977), won the International Critics Award at the Berlin Film Festival.
He has gone on to inspire generations of Filipino filmmakers to forge on with their
independent vision, regardless of commercial considerations. In 2009, he received
the UP Gawad Plaridel Award, the University of the Philippines’ highest award
recognizing achievements in media. – Rappler.com

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The Roster National Artists (https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/the-order-of-

national-artists/)

Awardee Date of Category

Award
1. Fernando Amorsolo (++) 1972 Painting
2. Francisca R. Aquino (+) 1973 Dance
3. Carlos V. Francisco (++) 1973 Painting
4. Amado V. Hernandez (++) 1973 Literature
5. Antonio J. Molina (+) 1973 Music
6. Juan F. Nakpil (+) 1973 Architecture
7. Guillermo E. Tolentino (+) 1973 Sculpture
8. Jose Garcia Villa (+) 1973 Literature
9. Napoleon V. Abueva 1976 Sculpture
10. Lamberto V. Avellana (+) 1976 Theater and Film
11. Leonor O. Goquingco (+) 1976 Dance
12. Nick Joaquin (+) 1976 Literature
13. Jovita Fuentes (+) 1976 Music
14. Victorio C. Edades (+) 1976 Painting
15. Pablo S. Antonio (++) 1976 Architecture
16. Vicente S. Manansala (++) 1981 Painting
17. Carlos P. Romulo (+) 1982 Literature
18. Gerardo de Leon (++) 1982 Film
19. Honorata “Atang” dela Rama (++) 1987 Theater and Music
20. Antonio R. Buenaventura (+) 1988 Music
21. Lucrecia R. Urtula (+) 1988 Dance
22. Lucrecia R. Kasilag (+) 1989 Music
23. Francisco Arcellana (+) 1990 Literature
24. Cesar Legaspi (+) 1990 Visual Arts
25. Leandro V. Locsin (+) 1990 Architecture
26. Hernando R. Ocampo (++) 1991 Visual Arts
27. Lucio D. San Pedro (+) 1991 Music
28. Lino Brocka (++) 1997 Cinema
29. Felipe D. De Leon (++) 1997 Music
30. Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero (++) 1997 Theater
31. Rolando S. Tinio (++) 1997 Theater & Literature
32. Levi Celerio (+) 1997 Music & Literature
33. N.V.M. Gonzales (++) 1997 Literature
34. Arturo Luz 1997 Visual Arts
35. Jose Maceda (+) 1997 Music
36. Carlos Quirino (+) 1997 Historical Literature
37. J. Elizalde Navarro (++) 1999 Painting

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38. Prof. Andrea Veneracion (+) 1999 Music

39. Edith L. Tiempo (+) 1999 Literature
40. Daisy Avellana (+) 1999 Theater
41. Ernani Cuenco (++) 1999 Music
42. F. Sionil Jose 2001 Literature
43. Ang Kiukok (+) 2001 Visual Arts
44. Ishmael Bernal (++) 2001 Film
45. Severino Montano (++) 2001 Theater
46. Jose T. Joya (++) 2003 Visual Arts (Painting)
47. Virgilio S. Almario 2003 Literature
48. Alejandro Roces (+) 2003 Literature
49. Eddie S. Romero (+) 2003 Film & Broadcast Arts
50. Salvador F. Bernal (+) 2003 Theater & Design
51. Ben Cabrera 2006 Visual Arts
52. Abdulmari Asia Imao 2006 Visual Arts
53. Dr. Bienvenido Lumbera 2006 Literature
54. Ramon Obusan (+) 2006 Dance
55. Fernando Poe Jr. (++) 2006 Film
56. Archt. Ildefonso Santos, Jr. (+) 2006 Landscape Architecture
57. Ramon Valera (++) 2006 Fashion Design
58. Manuel Conde* (++) 2009 Cinema
59. Lazaro A. Francisco* (++) 2009 Literature
60. Federico Aguilar Alcuaz* (++) 2009 Visual Arts
61. Alice Reyes 2014 Dance
62. Francisco V. Coching (++) 2014 Visual Arts
63. Cirilo F. Bautista 2014 Literature
64. Francisco F. Feliciano (++) 2014 Music
65. Ramon P. Santos 2014 Music
66. Jose Maria V. Zaragoza (++) 2014 Architecture

Legend: (+) deceased; (++) posthumous conferment; * declared valid by Supreme

Court GR No. 189028

Let’s Watch!
ABS-CBN News about the 7 Newly Proclaimed Artists in the Country
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhCQQJ675KA

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