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    Tropical Revolving Storms

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    shafiq
    Tropical revolving storms form due to a combination of factors including warm ocean temperatures over 26°C to a depth of 50m, late summer to early autumn timing, evaporation leading to unstable humid air rising, low wind shear, and the Coriolis effect imparting spin. Key features include concentric isobars around a central vortex and wind circulation. Buys Ballot's law describes how to determine the location of the storm's center based on wind direction and pressure changes. Swell direction also provides an indication of where the storm was previously located.

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    Tropical Revolving Storms

    Uploaded by

    shafiq
    95 views4 pages
    Tropical revolving storms form due to a combination of factors including warm ocean temperatures over 26°C to a depth of 50m, late summer to early autumn timing, evaporation leading to unstable humid air rising, low wind shear, and the Coriolis effect imparting spin. Key features include concentric isobars around a central vortex and wind circulation. Buys Ballot's law describes how to determine the location of the storm's center based on wind direction and pressure changes. Swell direction also provides an indication of where the storm was previously located.

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    TROPICAL REVOLVING STORMS

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    Tropical revolving storms form due to a combination of factors including warm ocean temperatures over 26°C to a depth of 50m, late summer to early autumn timing, evaporation leading to unstable humid air rising, low wind shear, and the Coriolis effect imparting spin. Key features include concentric isobars around a central vortex and wind circulation. Buys Ballot's law describes how to determine the location of the storm's center based on wind direction and pressure changes. Swell direction also provides an indication of where the storm was previously located.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    95 views4 pages

    Tropical Revolving Storms

    Uploaded by

    shafiq
    Tropical revolving storms form due to a combination of factors including warm ocean temperatures over 26°C to a depth of 50m, late summer to early autumn timing, evaporation leading to unstable humid air rising, low wind shear, and the Coriolis effect imparting spin. Key features include concentric isobars around a central vortex and wind circulation. Buys Ballot's law describes how to determine the location of the storm's center based on wind direction and pressure changes. Swell direction also provides an indication of where the storm was previously located.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    07/02/2019

    BASIC CAUSES
    TROPICAL REVOLVING STORMS a coincidence of the following:

    • HEATING - Tropical Ocean >26°C to a depth of 50m


    • So, LATE SUMMER, EARLY AUTUMN
    • EVAPORATION – unstable layer of humid air rising
    • LOW WIND SHEAR – weak horizontal winds
    • CORIOLIS EFFECT – imparts “spin”
    • CONVERGENCE
    • DIVERGENCE in the upper Troposphere
    • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UKL9NIxLIIE

    DANGEROUS QUADRANT
    Northern Hemisphere
    The Movies 1 DANGEROUS SEMICIRCLE

    CONCENTRIC ISOBARS AROUND A CENTRAL VORTEX

    LIKELY PATH

    TYPHOON HAINAN 00m to 24m: WIND CIRCULATION


    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2DxYbnWmM-0

    PATH TRACK

    VERTEX

    NAVIGABLE SEMICIRCLE TROUGH LINE

    A Cross-section through a TRS


    Southern Hemisphere
    NAVIGABLE SEMICIRCLE

    CONCENTRIC ISOBARS AROUND A CENTRAL VORTEX

    WIND CIRCULATION
    VERTEX
    PATH

    TRACK

    LIKELY PATH

    DANGEROUS QUADRANT

    DANGEROUS SEMICIRCLE TROUGH LINE


    1
    07/02/2019

    BUYS BALLOT’S LAW IN NH BUYS BALLOT’S LAW IN SH


    CENTRE OF
    LOWEST
    • Face the true wind CENTRE OF
    LOWEST
    PRESSURE

    • Centre of Lowest Pressure will PRESSURE

    be between 90°and 135° on


    your RHS
    • TRS’ likely swell direction • Face the true wind
    • Centre of Lowest Pressure will be
    between 90°and 135° on your LHS
    • TRS’ likely swell direction

    Storm APPROACHING: Storm RECEDING;


    Pressure FALLS Ahead of Trough Line Pressure RISES Behind Trough Line

    Storm APPROACHING: Storm RECEDING;


    Wind FRESHENS Ahead of Trough Line Wind MODERATES Behind Trough Line

    2
    07/02/2019

    Storm Approaching in Northern Hemisphere


    The wind change is rapid
    Storm Approaching in Southern Hemisphere
    The wind change is rapid
    here here
    The Wind VEERS in the The Wind VEERS in the
    Dangerous SC Navigable SC

    The wind direction does The wind direction does


    not change here not change here

    The wind change is rapid The wind change is rapid


    here here
    The Wind BACKS in the The Wind BACKS in the
    Navigable SC Dangerous SC

    RHS = DANGEROUS SC IN NH

    Wind Rules
    • Wind freshening, Storm Approaching; LHS = DANGEROUS SC IN SH SWELL Rule
    • Wind moderating, Storm Receding;
    • Wind veering, vessel in RHS of stormfield
    • Wind backing, vessel in LHS of stormfield RHS = NAVIGABLE SC IN NH The Swell gives a rough indication of
    • Wind steady in direction, vessel is either
    track of the storm
    on the path or the where the storm WAS!
    • Wind veering or backing SLOWLY, then the vessel is close to the
    path or track, ie within about 40°

    LHS = NAVIGABLE SC IN NH

    EXAMPLE: find your position in relation


    The Movies 2
    to the path of the storm
    • NH
    Met Office - weatherbytes
    • PRESSURE FALLING RAPIDLY
    • WIND E’ly - FRESHENING and VEERING SLOWLY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSx_gisp24w
    • HEAVY SWELL FROM S

    3
    07/02/2019

    Typical Examination Question: November 2017 SQA Examination Question


    • State the most probable months when a TRS may be encountered in the S Pacific. (4)
    • Identify the principal causes of tropical revolving storms.
    • Draw a plan view of a TRS in S Pacific Ocean. (9)
    • Describe five warnings signs that indicate to a mariner that a tropical
    • Outline the warnings signs of an approaching TRS. (7)
    revolving storm might be approaching.
    • A vessel is in the South Pacific Ocean and observes the following weather conditions: Wind
    • A vessel is in the South Pacific Ocean and observes the following weather force 9 and veering, while pressure is rapidly falling.

    conditions: The wind is southerly, freshening and slowly veering westward. 1. State the vessel’s position in relation to the storm centre; (2)

    The barometric pressure is falling rapidly and there is a heavy swell from 2. State the action to avoid the worst effects of the storm; (5)

    the ENE. 3. State the dangers associated in taking such action. (2)

    NP 100 information available


    July 2015
    SQA
    Examination
    Question

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