Student Exploration: Digestive System

Name: Ella Cheung Date: ________________________
Student Exploration: Digestive System
Vocabulary: absorption, amino acid, carbohydrate, chemical digestion, chyme, complex

carbohydrate, digestion, digestive system, elimination, enzyme, fat, fatty acid, fiber, food calorie,
mechanical digestion, monoglyceride, nutrient, peristalsis, protein, starch, sugar, villus
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
1. Why do we need to eat food? People eat food for calories,proteins, and nutrients to survive.
2. How do you think our bodies break food down into useful nutrients? __________________
I am not sure. I think our bodies breath it down by chewing to make it small enough to
ingest and then stomach acid breaks everything down there is only nutrients left
Gizmo Warm-up
The digestive system is a group of organs that does three
things:
● First, the digestive system breaks food down into
useful nutrients, a process called digestion.
● Next, the nutrients move into the bloodstream, a
process called absorption.
● Finally, the leftover waste is removed from the
body, a process called elimination.
With the Digestive System Gizmo, you can arrange the organs of the digestive system any way
you like. To begin, look at the organs on the LARGE ORGANS tab. Place your cursor over each
organ to learn more about it.
1. Which organs allow nutrients to be absorbed? The small intestine and large intestine
2. Which organ stores and compacts waste before it is eliminated? Rectum_
3. Which two organs help to break food down mechanically? Mouth and Stomach
2019
Goal: Design your own digestive system.
1. Explore: Read the descriptions of the large organs, as well as those of the small organs on
the next tab. Fill in the names of the organs that serve the functions listed below:
Large Intestine This organ absorbs water and vitamin K from digested food.
Pancreas______ This organ produces enzymes that break down nutrients.
Capillaries_______ These tiny blood vessels transport absorbed nutrients.
Parietal cells________ These cells produce hydrochloric acid (HCl).
Chief Cells_________ These cells produce pepsin, which breaks down proteins.
2. Build: Now it is time to design and build your own digestive system! Start with the LARGE
ORGANS tab to build a basic system, starting with the Mouth/pharynx. Next, attach organs
from the SMALL ORGANS tab to the large organs to complete your system. Draw a picture
of your system below. (If you like, open the Tools menu and click Screen shot. Right-click
the image, choose Copy Image, and paste the image into a blank document.)
2019
3. Predict: How well do you think your system will digest food? Explain your reasoning.
I think my system will digest the food but I do not know if it will be effective, since everything
I did was from my memory.
(Activity A continued on next page)
4. Prepare: Select the FOOD tab. The energy we get from food is measured in food calories
(Calories). Each Calorie is equal to 4,184 joules of energy. Calories are found in the three
main nutrients in food: carbohydrates (sugars and starches), proteins, and fats.
Drag the Cheeseburger above the mouth in your digestive system. How many Calories in
the cheeseburger come from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?
Carbohydrate Calories: 226 cal_ Protein Calories: 140 cal__ Fat Calories: 360 cal_
5. Run the Gizmo: Click Play ( ), and observe the food moving through the digestive system.
The muscular contractions that push food through the system are called peristalsis. When
food has finished passing through the system, you will see a message.
A. What percentage of Calories were absorbed by your system? 37.33%
B. What percentage of water was absorbed? 94.69%
C. Based on these results, how well do you think this digestive system worked? Explain.
I think the digestive system worked (but not well), since the percent of water absorbed was
high but the calories were low.
6. Revise: Click Reset ( ). Rearrange the organs of your system to try to improve your
results. Describe how you changed your system below.
2019
I moved the cells up and changed the gallbladder and pancreas.
7. Test: Click Play or Fastplay ( ). List the results below. Did the system improve? ________
Percentage of Calories absorbed: 88.46% Percentage of water absorbed: 94.69%
8. Explain: If your system improved, why do you think this was so?
I think my system improved because now I think the parts were put into the correct
places.
2019

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What are the three main functions of the digestive system?

Name the organs that allow nutrients to be absorbed and stores/compacts waste before elimination.

Name: Ella Cheung Date: ________________________

Student Exploration: Digestive System

Vocabulary: absorption, amino acid, carbohydrate, chemical digestion, chyme, complex

Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)

2. Which organ stores and compacts waste before it is eliminated? Rectum_

Pancreas______ This organ produces enzymes that break down nutrients.

Capillaries_______ These tiny blood vessels transport absorbed nutrients.

Parietal cells________ These cells produce hydrochloric acid (HCl).

(Activity A continued on next page)

A. What percentage of Calories were absorbed by your system? 37.33%

B. What percentage of water was absorbed? 94.69%

Percentage of Calories absorbed: 88.46% Percentage of water absorbed: 94.69%

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