10-1 Circles and Circumference: Solution

10-1
Circles and Circumference
For Exercises 1–3, refer to the circle.
1. Name the circle.
SOLUTION:
The circle has a center at O, so it is named circle O or .
ANSWER:
2. Name the radii of the circle.
SOLUTION:
The radii, or line segments from the center to a point on circle O are .
ANSWER:
3. Name the chords of the circle.
SOLUTION:
The chords, or segments with endpoints on circle O are .
ANSWER:
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10-1 Circles and Circumference
For Exercises 4–8, refer to the circle.
4. Name the circle.
SOLUTION:
The circle has a center at P, so it is named circle P or .
ANSWER:
5. Name the radii of the circle.
SOLUTION:
The radii, or line segments from the center to a point on circle P are .
ANSWER:
6. Name the chords of the circle.
SOLUTION:
The chords, or segments with endpoints on circle P are .
ANSWER:

7. Name a diameter of the circle.
SOLUTION:
A diameter is a chord that passes through the center of a circle. The diameter of circle P is .
ANSWER:
8. Name a radius not drawn as part of a diameter.
SOLUTION:
Since radii are part of diameter , the radius that is not part of a diameter is .
ANSWER:

For Exercises 9–11, refer to ⊙R.
9. If AB = 18 millimeters, find AR.
SOLUTION:
The radius of circle R is 9 mm.
ANSWER:
9 mm

10. If RY = 10 inches, find AR and AB.
SOLUTION:
RY and AR both represent the measures of two radii of circle R, therefore they have equal measures.
Since RY = 10 in., then AR = 10 in.
AB represents the measure of the diameter of circle R. Use the radius and diameter relationships to find AB.
The measure of the diameter, AB = 20 in.
ANSWER:
AR = 10 in.; AB = 20 in.
11. Is ? Explain.
SOLUTION:
because all diameters of the same circle are congruent.
ANSWER:
Yes; all diameters of the same circle are congruent.

For Exercises 12–14, refer to ⊙L.
12. Suppose the radius of the circle is 3.5 yards. Find the diameter.
SOLUTION:
The measure of the diameter is 7 yards.
ANSWER:
7 yd
13. If RT = 19 meters, find LW.
SOLUTION:
RT is the measure of the diameter of circle L, and LW is the measure of its radius.
The radius of circle L is 9.5 m.
ANSWER:
9.5 m

14. If LT = 4.2 inches, what is the diameter of ?
SOLUTION:
LT is the measure of the radius circle L.
The measure of the diameter of circle L is 8.4 inches.
ANSWER:
8.4 inches
15. TIRES A bicycle has tires with a diameter of 26 inches. Find the radius and circumference of each tire. Round
your answer to the nearest hundredth, if necessary.
SOLUTION:
The radius of the circle is 13 in.
The circumference of the circle is about 81.68 in.
ANSWER:
13 in.; 81.68 in.

16. STATE YOUR ASSUMPTION Herman purchased a sundial to use as the centerpiece for a garden. The
diameter of the sundial is 9.5 inches.
a. Find the radius of the sundial.
b. Find the circumference of the sundial to the nearest hundredth.
c. Explain any assumptions that you make while solving this problem.
SOLUTION:
a.
The radius of the sundial is 4.75 in.
b.
The circumference of the sundial is about 29.85 in.

c. I assumed that the sundial was a perfect circle.
ANSWER:
a. 4.75 in.
b. 29.85 in.
c. Sample answer: I assumed that the sundial was a perfect circle.

Find the diameter and radius of a circle to the nearest hundredth with the given circumference.
17. C = 40 in.
SOLUTION:
The circumference is about 12.73 inches.
The radius is about 6.73 inches.
ANSWER:
12.73 in.; 6.37 in.

18. C = 256 ft
SOLUTION:
The circumference is about 81.49 feet.
The radius is about 40.74 feet.
ANSWER:
81.49 ft; 40.74 ft

19. C = 15.62 m
SOLUTION:
The circumference is about 4.97 meters.
The radius is about 2.49 meters.
ANSWER:
4.97 m; 2.49 m

20. C = 9 cm
SOLUTION:
The circumference is about 2.86 centimeters.
The radius is about 1.43 centimeters.
ANSWER:
2.86 cm; 1.43 cm

21. C = 79.5 yd
SOLUTION:
The circumference is about 25.31 yards.
The radius is about 12.65 yards.
ANSWER:
25.31 yd; 12.65 yd

22. C = 204.16 m
SOLUTION:
The circumference is about 64.99 meters.
ANSWER:
64.99 m; 32.49 m

The diameters of ⊙F and ⊙G are 5 and 6 units, respectively. Find each measure.
23. BF
SOLUTION:
Because the diameter of circle F is 5 units, FG =2.5.
Because the diameter of circle G is 6, BG = 3.
is part of radius .
BF is 0.5 units.
ANSWER:
0.5

24. AB
SOLUTION:
Because the diameter of circle F is 5 units, FA =2.5.
is part of radius .
AB is 2 units.
ANSWER:
2
The diameters of ⊙L and ⊙M are 20 and 13 units, respectively, and QR = 4. Find each measure.
25. LQ
SOLUTION:
Because the diameter of circle L is 20, LR = 10.
is part of radius .
ANSWER:
6

26. RM
SOLUTION:
Because the diameter of circle M is 20, MQ = 6.5.
is part of radius .
ANSWER:
2.5
The radius, diameter, or circumference of a circle is given. Find each missing measure to the nearest
hundredth.
27. d = in., r = ? , C = ?
SOLUTION:
The radius is 4.25 inches.
The circumference is about 26.70 inches.

ANSWER:
4.25 in.; 26.70 in.

28. r = ft, d = ? , C = ?
SOLUTION:
The diameter is 22.80 feet.
The circumference is about 71.63 feet.

ANSWER:
22.80 ft; 71.63 ft

29. C = 628 m, d = ? , r = ?
SOLUTION:
The diameter is about 199.90 meters.


ANSWER:
199.90 m; 99.95 m
30. d = yd, r = ? , C = ?
SOLUTION:
The radius is 0.38 yards.
The circumference is about 2.36 yards.

ANSWER:
0.38 yd; 2.36 yd

31. C = 35x cm, d = ? , r = ?
SOLUTION:
The diameter is about 11.14x centimeters.

The radius is about 5.57x centimeters.

ANSWER:
11.14x cm; 5.57x cm

32. r = , d = ? , C = ?
SOLUTION:
The diameter is 0.25x.
The circumference is about 0.79x.

ANSWER:
0.25x; 0.79x
Determine whether the circles in the figures below appear to be congruent, concentric, or neither.
33.
SOLUTION:
The pair of circles appear to have congruent radii, therefore the circles are congruent.
ANSWER:
congruent

34.
SOLUTION:
The circles that comprise the toy have the same center, therefore they appear to be concentric.
ANSWER:
concentric
35.
SOLUTION:
The coins are not the same size; yet while they are coplanar, they do not share the same center. Therefore, the
coins are neither congruent nor coplanar.
ANSWER:
neither

For each circle, find the exact circumference in terms of π.
36.
SOLUTION:
The diameter of the circumscribed circle is the hypotenuse of the right triangle.
The circumference is 10π centimeters.

ANSWER:
10π cm

37.
SOLUTION:
The circumference is inches.

ANSWER:
in.

38.
SOLUTION:
The diameter of the circumscribed circle is the diagonal of the rectangle.
The circumference is millimeters.

ANSWER:
mm

39.
SOLUTION:
The diameter of the circumscribed circle is the same measure as the side of the square, 11 yards.
The circumference is 11π yards.

ANSWER:
11π yd

40.
SOLUTION:

ANSWER:
13π cm

41.
SOLUTION:

ANSWER:
2π cm

42. PROOF Write a paragraph proof to prove Theorem 10.1.
Given: ⊙D and ⊙E
Prove: ⊙D ∼ ⊙E
SOLUTION:
Proof: A circle is a locus of points in a plane equidistant from a given point. For any two circles ⊙D and ⊙E, there
exists a translation that maps center D onto center E, moving ⊙D so it is concentric with ⊙E. There also exists a
dilation with scale factor k such that each point that makes up ⊙D is moved to be the same distance from
center D as the points that make up ⊙E are from center E. Therefore, ⊙D is mapped onto ⊙E. Because there exists
a rigid motion followed by a scaling that maps ⊙D onto ⊙E, ⊙D ∼ ⊙E. Thus, all circles are similar.
ANSWER:
Proof: A circle is a locus of points in a plane equidistant from a given point. For any two circles ⊙D and ⊙E, there
exists a translation that maps center D onto center E, moving ⊙D so it is concentric with ⊙E. There also exists a
dilation with scale factor k such that each point that makes up ⊙D is moved to be the same distance from center D
as the points that make up ⊙E are from center E. Therefore, ⊙D is mapped onto ⊙E. Because there exists a rigid
motion followed by a scaling that maps ⊙D onto ⊙E, ⊙D ∼ ⊙E. Thus, all circles are similar.
43. USE A SOURCE Go online to research a famous clock face. Then use the diameter of the clock face to find the
circumference. Round your answer to the nearest hundredth.
SOLUTION:
The face of the clock in Elizabeth Tower in London, England, has a diameter of 23 feet.
The circumference of the face of the clock in Elizabeth Tower in London, England has a circumference of about
72.26 feet.

ANSWER:
Sample answer: The face of the clock in Elizabeth Tower in London, England, has a circumference of 72.26 feet.

44. WHEELS Zack is designing wheels for a concept car. The diameter of the wheel is 18 inches. Zack wants to
make spokes in the wheel that run from the center of the wheel to the rim. In other words, each spoke is a radius
of the wheel. How long are these spokes?
SOLUTION:
The radius of the wheel is 9 inches.
ANSWER:
9 in.
45. PRECISION Kathy slices through a circular cake. The cake has a diameter of 14 inches. The slice that Kathy
made is straight and has a length of 11 inches. Did Kathy cut along a radius, a diameter, or a chord of the circle?
SOLUTION:
It is given the diameter of the cake is 14 inches. Therefore the radius of the cake is 7 inches. Since the slice Kathy
made is straight and has a length of 11 inches and 11 ≠ 14 and 11 ≠ 7, Kathy cut along a chord of the circular
cake.
ANSWER:
chord

46. REASONING Three identical circular coins are lined up in a row as shown. The distance between the centers of
the first and third coins is 3.2 centimeters. What is the radius of one of these coins?

SOLUTION:
The coins are congruent, therefore they have their radii have the same measure.
The radius of one of the coins is 0.8 centimeters.
ANSWER:
0.8 cm

47. EXERCISE HOOPS Taiga wants to make a circular loop that he can twirl around his body for exercise. He will
use a tube that is 2.5 meters long.
a. What will be the diameter of Taiga’s exercise hoop? Round your answer to the nearest thousandth of a meter.
b. What will be the radius of Taiga’s exercise hoop? Round your answer to the nearest thousandth of a meter.
SOLUTION:
a.
The diameter of the hoop is about 0.796 meters.
b.
The radius of the hoop is about 0.398 meters.
ANSWER:
a. 0.796 m
b. 0.398 m
48. WRITE How can we describe the relationships that exist between circles and line segments?
SOLUTION:
A line segment with endpoints on a circle can be described as a chord. If the chord passes through the center of
the circle, it can be described as a diameter. A line segment with endpoints at the center and on the circle can be
described as a radius.
ANSWER:
Sample answer: A line segment with endpoints on a circle can be described as a chord. If the chord passes through
the center of the circle, it can be described as a diameter. A line segment with endpoints at the center and on the
circle can be described as a radius.

49. PERSEVERE The sum of the circumference of circles H, J, and K shown is 56π units. Find KJ.
SOLUTION:
KJ is 24 units.
ANSWER:
24 units

50. ANALYZE Is the distance from the center of a circle to a point in the interior of a circle sometimes, always, or
never less than
the radius of the circle? Justify your argument.
SOLUTION:
Always; a radius is a segment drawn between the center of the circle and a point on the circle. A segment drawn
from the center to a point inside the circle will always have a length less than the radius of the circle.
ANSWER:
Always; a radius is a segment drawn between the center of the circle and a point on the circle. A segment drawn
from the center to a point inside the circle will always have a length less than the radius of the circle.
51. CREATE Design a sequence of transformations that can be used to prove that ⊙D is similar to ⊙E.
SOLUTION:
First translate circle D 3 units left and 4 units down so that its center is at the same coordinates as the center of
circle E, (–1, 1).
Then since the radius of circle D is 1 unit, and the radius of circle E is 3 units, dilate circle D by a scale factor of 3
centered at
(–1, –1).
ANSWER:
Sample answer: First apply the translation (x, y)→(x –3, y – 4) to . The dilation should have a scale factor of
3 and be centered at (–1, –1). The translation and dilation are similarity transformations, so is similar to .

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10-1

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Since radii are part of diameter , the radius that is not part of a diameter is .

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