CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Sustaining the support documents intended to back up the design proposal, the

researcher reviewed some related literature and studies in order to suffice the additional

information and to serve as a guide in improving the project.

ARTS, CULTURE, & TOURISM OFFICE

Naga city, 2017

In the study conducted by the Arts, Culture and Tourism Office of Naga City, the

tourist arrivals from January 2013 with a total number of 859,743 tourists rose up to

8.90% in December 2016 with 1,209,202 tourists. In addition, along with the year given

above the month where the most number of visits is September and February as the

lowest annually. 2016 September bagged the record of 141,950 tourist arrival in

accordance with the Peñafracia Festival, the top in four years.

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 Table 1 Tourist arrival from 2013-2016 in tables

Figure 1 tourist arrivals from 2013-2016 in graphs

Also, the office recorded the average annual occupancy rate from 45 (2013) to 75

(2016) accommodations in the City with the result of 49.78% (306,527 rooms occupied)

by the year 2013 to 2016’s 66.00% (532,220 rooms occupied).

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 Figure 2 Annual occupancy rates from 2013-2016 in graphs

Table 2 Annual rooms occupied from 2013-2016 in tables

The graphs and tables shown above displays the numbers of tourist arrivals and

rooms occupied in all accredited accommodations in Naga City in the span of four years

since 2013-2016. Furthermore, the researcher determined that there are more than enough

tourist arrivals in Naga City yearly which can help to realize the need of much larger

assembly places for the events held in the City. It also indicates that the tourism rate

moves parallel to the economic growth in the city.

NAGA SMILES
An excerpt, Investment Programs for a World Class, Self-Reliant and Caring Naga, 2016

An excerpt from the City’s Magazine, according to Hon. Nelson Legacion, Vice

Mayor-Naga City, it is necessary that investment plans be crafted to guide the city

government in its endeavor. The 12th Sangguniang Panlunsod is currently working the

enactment of resolution No.s 2016-505 and 2016-506 or the City’s Local Development

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Investment Program (LDIP) for 2011-2020 and Annual Investment Program (AIP) for

CY 2017.

In LDIP, an accumulative investment of around P2.8 billion is allocated in

different sectors. P1.18 billion will go to infrastructure such as institution of a new public

cemetery, establishment of a permanent eastbound terminal, completion of downtown

gymnasium nearer to schools as well as the usual construction of roads and drainage

while P747.8 million of investments is on social programs, education, healthcare and

rehabilitation and P537.6 million will be on the aspired solar-powered City Hall.

Economic and Institutional programs will be strengthened with estimated five-year

budget of P300.38 million and P41.47 million.

As of the AIP, the City Government will focus on the city youth agenda,

expansion of Naga City Hospital, housing that will encompasses 11.9 hectares, schools,

agriculture, tourism and commercial establishments.

Aided by these data, the proponent realize that there are enough investment in the

city that will go hand to hand with its economic growth as well as the mushrooming of

new developments.

P.D. 1096: THE NATIONAL BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

Rule VII, Section 701: Occupancy Classified, Group I Division I-1

Under the National Building Code of the Philippines-Group I, division I-1 of

RULE VII or the classification and general requirements of all buildings by use or

occupancy states that a floor space area should be provided for over one thousand or

more seating capacity in assembly buildings with stage, coliseum, conventions centers

and the like structures.

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 Cultural and PRE (Park structures, Recreation & Entertainment) are the zoning

classification sited with a community to national level of cultural use or occupancy,

characterized mainly as low-rise or medium-rise building/structure for cultural activities.

For PRE, a range of recreational uses or occupancies, characterized mainly as low-rise or

medium-rise building/structure for low to medium intensity recreational or entertainment

functions related to educational uses, e.g., structures on campuses or its component

parks/open spaces and all other kinds of recreational or assembly buildings/structures on

campus such as auditoria, mess halls, seminar facilities, gymnasia, stadia arenas and the

like.

Likewise, other provisions in Rule VII and Rule VIII will help a lot in the insight

of the project. Requirement on the mentioned above rules are needed as a guide to

promote the correct and proper way of design and function in accordance with the

building code.

B.P. 344: IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS (IRR)

AMENDMENTS
Minimum Requirements for Accessibility

In these implementing rules, all the provisions in accessibility law must be seen in

the proposal. It can help the researcher to utilize the provided facilities for the disabled

persons. This sets the guidelines in carefully planning the entire edifice without

compromising the needs of the physically impaired persons.

R.A. 9514: NATIONAL FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES, IRR

All the necessary fire safety requirements enlisted in this code in regards with the

design proposal of a Convention Center should be considered to ensure the protection of

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the user. Conformance with the fire prevention, fire safety, arrangement, protections and

programs sited in the sections within the code is needed.

R.A. 1378: NATIONAL PLUMBING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES, IRR

Provisions under this code must be considered especially the sewer systems and

other related facility to guarantee the success of plumbing plans in the proposal.

Considerations must be undertaken so that minimal error should happen; hence planning

the overall edifice in respect with plumbing and sewer system for large building must be

measured.

With these provisions, the rules established by NBCP, the Fire Code of the

Philippines, National Plumbing Code of the Philippines and the Accessibility Law mainly

help the development of the proposed convention center. It sets the general guidelines to

be followed in putting up a huge edifice.

MICE EXPRESS
An excerpt, convention centers in the Philippines

The MICE Express sited different convention centers in the Philippines; Situated

in Pasay City, along scenic Manila bay, PICC has more than 70,000 square meters of

floor area and range facilities that can house any gatherings of any size with its five

building modules namely the Delegation Building; Secretariat Building; Plenary Hall,

Reception Hall and; the Forum. While SMX Convention Center with 46,647 square

meters can accommodate from 10-18,000 delegation. In World Trade Centre, the hall can

take exhibition, trade and consumer shows which can cover 500 motor vehicles for car

and automotive shows and large congress which can cater 15,000 persons.

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IAPCO: PLANNING A CONVENTION CENTER
Overview: 2009

The Planning a conference Centre set standards in planning and designing a

convention center as regulated by IAPCO or International Association of Professional

Congress Organizers, which represents over 100 leading Professional Congress

Organizers in over 30 countries including the Philippines. The best practice design

criteria are introduced with the word ‘Provide’ and key management decisions with the

word ‘consider’.

The study also provided design criteria to be considered in designing a convention

center in respect with “provide” and “consider” key management. The criteria are;

ELEMENT CLASSIFICATION COMMENTARY

Access in three categories;
Individual arriving by car/public
ELEMENT A1 Access – External transport: people arriving by
group and; trucks and service
vehicles
Clear separation of front of the
house from back of the house
ELEMENT A2 Access – Internal
should be reflected on diff. access
routes
Sufficient parking area should be
ELEMENT A3 Access – Parking
provided
Provide access to separate the
ELEMET A4 Access – Delivery & Storage
guest services to internal services
ELEMENT B1 Transport – External Movement of goods in and out of
the venue, movement of goods
from one area to another and,
ELEMENT B2 Transport - Internal
movement of attendees around
the center
Meeting groups usually break in
masse so plumbing and bathroom
ELEMENT C1 Services – Plumbing
location and capacity are
important
ELEMENT C2 Services – Heating, Ventilation Unlike an office where activity is
and Air-conditioning Systems constant throughout the day,
meeting spaces peak and

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 trough with sudden surges of
people moving from area to area
Almost all facilities within venues
rely on the availability of sufficient
ELEMENT C3 Services – Power
power widely
distributed throughout the venue
Flexible well directed lighting
allows the audience in meeting
spaces to see the speaker
Clearly, to see each other, take
ELEMENT C4 Services – Light notes, see the screen and see
entertainment. Lighting levels
need to be
easily adjustable and areas readily
isolated
As business and the community in
general accepts modern
ELEMENT C5 Services – Communications
communications technology, so
must the meeting venue
Speakers, audiences and
organizers have seen the
improved communication which is
possible when there is flexibility in
the shape and layout of rooms,
Services – Audio Visual
ELEMENT C6 when lighting can be controlled
Equipment
freely, and
When speakers use a variety of
media (video, computer, response
systems, stage effects, live action,
etc.)
Venues must be able to offer
facilities that are as flexible as
possible for productions.
ELEMENT D Production
Different stage and seating
configurations and rigging points
must be available
The ideal venue will cater to both
the attendees en masse and to
ELEMET E Catering the public through a wide
variety of food and beverage
outlets
ELEMENT F1 Facilities - Signage These should be understand to
ELEMENT F2 Facilities – Floor Finishes help the facilities of the
ELEMENT F3 Facilities – Wall Finishes convention building
ELEMENT F4 Facilities – VIP/Dressing Room
ELEMENT G1 Nerve Centre – Reg. Desk The meeting organizer is attracted
ELEMENT G2 Nerve Centre – Secretarial Off. to venues which recognize and

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 ELEMENT G3 Nerve Centre – PCO Off. assist in overcoming
ELEMENT G4 Nerve Centre – Media Facility the challenges involved in setting
up a temporary headquarters or
ELEMENT G5 Nerve Centre – Speaker Room ‘nerve Centre’ for each meeting
ELEMENT H1 Meeting Rooms – Facilities The services, facilities and joinery
Meeting Rooms – Fittings & made available from or included in
ELEMENT H2 meeting rooms need
Furniture
to be flexible and comprehensive,
designed and maintained to
provide optimum surroundings for
ELEMENT H3 Meeting Rooms - Services attendees,
ready access for attendees and
ease of organization for meeting
organizers
ELEMENT I Poster Area – Facilities -
ELEMENT J1 Public Spaces - Facilities Public spaces are as important to
the viability of a meeting venue as
ELEMENT J2 Public Spaces – Services the meeting rooms
themselves
The exhibition area of a
convention becomes the
networking hub. Catering is served
ELEMENT K Exhibitions here,
internet facilities are set up and
ideally poster boards are in place
immediately adjacent or within
The safety of attendees and
others is a primary concern of
ELEMENT L Safety meeting organizers and venue
owners and operators
Every building and the activities
conducted within it have an
ecological impact. Good
design minimizes that impact,
ELEMENT M Sustainability Issue improves the quality of life,
thermal comfort, health and safety
of the building’s
occupants and has the potential to
markedly reduce operating costs
Security for attendees is
increasingly a concern for meeting
ELEMENT N Security organizers, as is assured
delivery of meeting and exhibition
materials and equipment
Excellent service delivery is an
ELEMENT O Venue Management important consideration when a
client is selecting a venue
ELEMENT P Other -

Table 3 Design Criteria on Designing a Convention Center according to IAPCO

FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF A POTENTIAL CONVENTION CENTER

Muskegon, Michigan: 2014

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 In the Feasibility Analysis of a Potential New Convention Center in Muskegon,

Michigan, the program shall consist of multi-purpose hall having 25,000-30,000 square

feet of sub dividable, column free, carpeted and upscale space, a Breakout meeting rooms

with 10,000-12,500 square feet, sufficient pre-function, support and storage space, and a

minimum of 150-room quality hotel attached or closely proximate.

FEASIBILITY REPORT: BOZEMAN CONVENTON CENTRE

Bozeman, Montana: 2013

A convention center must cater thousands of delegates supporting the nearby

hotels, parks and shopping centers. Being near with these three areas is a good marketing

strategy for it will be the center of meetings if any events were to happen in the target

places. Hence, providing a hotel inside the complex can help boost its target.

These studies with standard guidelines stated above will also be able to

incorporate and will go hand-to-hand with the National Building Code of the Philippines,

the BP 344, the Fire Code of the Philippines and Ord. no. 97-081 which will be the

primary basis of the design standards for the study about convention center. The

considerations and guidelines given will be thoroughly analyzed to support the spatial

needs of the proposed development. This will give an overall vision on what will be the

outcome of the proposal.

CASE STUDY: QUEEN SIRIKIT NATIONAL CONVENTION CENTER

Nongluk, Pongcharoenkiat, Thailand: 1992

According to Queen Sirikit National Convention Center, the Thai Government

realize that having a large owned edifice of convention center which can house huge

amount of participants for international and national gatherings should be considered

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reflecting to the development on the industry. Thus, putting up this convention center

would be a great advantage to the tourism of the area and upsurge the economic growth

promoted by the Thai government.

Through these articles, the researcher realized the importance of establishing a

convention center for the betterment of the community and the proper outlook to develop

this kind of edifice.

BERDE FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION: COMMERCIAL BUILDING

Green Building Rating Scheme, 2013

In the version 1.1.0, The BERDE (Building for Ecologically Responsive Design

Excellence) Green Building scheme is used as a reference voluntary standard for the

measurement of environmental performance of the buildings. These also give provisions

on other related design matters such as site selection criteria, design management design

criteria, BERDE consultant, sustainability commitment criteria and many more to

mention.

Accumulating these provisions and criteria, the proponent seeks to be guided on

more sustainable and greener approach on designing a building.

THE ASSEMBLY: A PROPOSED NAGA CITY CONVENTION CENTER

CSPC, Naga Campus: 2009

Modern and Green architecture were the techniques adopted by the proponent of

The Assembly, a study of convention center in Naga City in 2009, in order to suffice the

needs in global trends for aesthetical buildings. Using these methods the researcher

achieved the goal to set a globally competitive design for the edifice and protect and

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conserve the nature. Considerations on acoustics and lighting design were evaluated and

applied in the design scheme and in the over all aspects of the structure.

The study also detailed on how to design a multi-functional convention center that

can aid the needs of Naga. However, the proposal lacks the vision of expanding. With

this, the new proposal for a convention center must provide an adequate space which can

cater a community to national level of event and gatherings. The previous study helps to

visualize the needs of the city in terms in the industry of MICE. Moreover, the

recommendation and conclusion of the former proposal will be noted to avoid further

mistakes in the upcoming design development process.

With all the primary knowledge, extensive research, meticulous data gathering

and review of the related literature and studies, the proponent pursue to render the

sufficient data in order to formulate a successful and innovative outcome of the design

strategy for the proposed Convention Center.

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Conceptual Framework

Figure 3 Conceptual Framework indicating the factors designing Metro Naga

Convention Center

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 The study on Convention Center is determined by elements presented on the

Conceptual Framework which serve as a guideline to be followed by the researcher in

realizing the preferred development of the study. Figure 3 showed that a chronological

procedure will take place with its three main phases namely Input, Process and Output.

It is in the Input method where the researcher gather, analyze and evaluate the

initial data needed for the project. Projecting the Vision of the research as well as

selecting the best site for the proposal in accordance to the site selection criteria, laws and

ordinances and building parameters together the review of any related articles is included

in this manner. After obtaining the desirable data, the phase of Process takes place where

the proponent will make assessment and appraise the gathered data and start to make

schematic preparations for the final design process. Rendering the planning strategy and

consideration to make an innovative solution to the problem. Next is the Output phase

where the final result of the problem will be solve using the data gathered and the

information given. This is the ultimate product of the study which is the Proposed Naga

City Convention and Exhibition Center.

Furthermore, the study’s framework is used as an outline for a strategic approach

in solving and giving a proper solution to the problem.

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