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    Gradients and Straight Line Graphs

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    Mayhem1105 k
    The document discusses gradients of straight lines and straight line graphs. It defines gradient as the vertical distance divided by the horizontal distance. It provides examples of calculating gradients from points on a line and using the gradient formula. It also discusses drawing straight line graphs of the form y=ax+b and ax+by=c by finding the x- and y-intercepts and plotting points in a table.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Gradients and Straight Line Graphs

    Uploaded by

    Mayhem1105 k
    20 views15 pages
    The document discusses gradients of straight lines and straight line graphs. It defines gradient as the vertical distance divided by the horizontal distance. It provides examples of calculating gradients from points on a line and using the gradient formula. It also discusses drawing straight line graphs of the form y=ax+b and ax+by=c by finding the x- and y-intercepts and plotting points in a table.

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    Gradients

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    The document discusses gradients of straight lines and straight line graphs. It defines gradient as the vertical distance divided by the horizontal distance. It provides examples of calculating gradients from points on a line and using the gradient formula. It also discusses drawing straight line graphs of the form y=ax+b and ax+by=c by finding the x- and y-intercepts and plotting points in a table.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    20 views15 pages

    Gradients and Straight Line Graphs

    Uploaded by

    Mayhem1105 k
    The document discusses gradients of straight lines and straight line graphs. It defines gradient as the vertical distance divided by the horizontal distance. It provides examples of calculating gradients from points on a line and using the gradient formula. It also discusses drawing straight line graphs of the form y=ax+b and ax+by=c by finding the x- and y-intercepts and plotting points in a table.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 15

    GRADIENTS AND STRAIGHT

    LINE GRAPHS
    The gradient of a straight line is a measure of how steep the line is.

    vertical distance
    vertical distance gradient =
    horizontal distance

    horizontal distance

    These lines have negative gradient. These lines have positive gradient.
    1 Find the gradient of the line.

    Gradient = 5
    5 4

    4
    2 Find the gradient of the line.

    Gradient = 3 = 1
    6 2
    3

    6
    3 Find the gradient of the line.

    Gradient = 5 =1
    5 5

    5
    4 Find the gradient of the line.

    Gradient = − 6 = − 3
    2
    6

    2
    5 Find the gradient of the line.

    Gradient = − 4 = − 2
    4 6 3

    6
    6 Find the gradient of the line joining the points (−2, 1) and (4, 5).
    y

    Gradient = 4 = 2
    4 6 3

    6
    x
    7 Find the gradient of the line joining the points (−1, 3) and (2, −3).
    y

    Gradient = − 6 = −2
    x 3
    6

    3
    The gradient of a line passing through two points can also be
    calculated using a formula.

    If the points are (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) then the gradient (m) is
    given by

    Examples

    1 Find the gradient of the line joining the points (2, 1) and (8, 7).

    Gradient =
    2 Find the gradient of the line joining the points (−2, 1) and (4, 5).

    Gradient =

    3 Find the gradient of the line joining the points (−1, 3) and (2, −3).

    Gradient =
    Straight line graphs of the form y = ax + b

    1 Draw the graph of y = 2x + 1.

    y
    Choose 3 values of x and work
    x
    out the corresponding y values.
    4 y = 2x + 1
    When x = 0, y = 2 × 0 + 1 = 1 x
    When x = 1, y = 2 × 1 + 1 = 3 2
    x
    When x = 2, y = 2 × 2 + 1 = 5
    x
    -4 -2 2 4
    Put the results into a table.
    -2
    x 0 1 2
    y 1 3 5 -4

    Plot the points on a graph and


    join with a straight line.
    2 Draw the graph of

    4
    When x = 3, y = 2 - ⅓ × 3 = 1 x
    When x = 0, y = 2 - ⅓ × 0 = 2 2x

    When x = −3, y = 2 - ⅓ × -3 = 3 x
    x
    -4 -2 2 4

    -2
    x −3 0 3
    y 3 2 1 -4
    Straight line graphs of the form ax + by = c

    1 Draw the graph of 3x + 4y = 12.

    y
    The easiest method is to find the
    axis crossing points. 4
    x
    When x = 0, 4y = 12 so y = 3. 3x + 4y = 12
    2
    When y = 0, 3x = 12 so x = 4.
    x x
    -4 -2 2 4
    Put the results into a table.
    -2
    x 0 4
    y 3 0 -4

    Plot the points on a graph and


    join with a straight line.
    2 Draw the graph of 2x - 3y = 6.

    y
    The easiest method is to find the
    axis crossing points. 4

    When x = 0, −3y = 6 so y = −2.


    2
    When y = 0, 2x = 6 so x = 3.
    x x
    -4 -2 2 4
    Put the results into a table.
    -2x
    x 0 3 2x - 3y = 6
    y −2 0 -4

    Plot the points on a graph and


    join with a straight line.

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