Oh Vs People

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PEOPLE v. NORIEL LACERNA Y CORDERO, GR No.

109250, 1997-09-05

Facts:

Police Officer 3 (PO3) Carlito P. Valenzuela, a member of the Mobile Patrol Division of the
Western Police District (WPD), was assigned to man the checkpoint and patrol the area
somewhere along the sidestreets of Radial Road near Moriones

Street.

appellant and co-accused, who were aboard a taxicab, passed by PO3 Valenzuela's place of
assignment, which was then heavy with traffic, looking suspicious

PO3 Valenzuela and his co-police officer asked permission to search the vehicle. As the
occupants readily agreed, the police officers went about searching the luggages in the vehicle
which consisted of a knapsack and a dark blue plastic grocery bag

He found several blocks wrapped in newspaper, with the distinct smell of marijuana emanating
from it. PO3 Valenzuela opened... one of the boxes and saw dried marijuana leaves. He told
appellant and co-accused that the contents of the bag were marijuana, which co-accused
readily affirmed.

After seeing what the contents of the blocks were, the specimens (Exhs. 'B' to 'B-19) were
brought to the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) for further... examination

Appellant sets up the defense of denial, alleging that the blue plastic bag was owned by his
uncle who requested him to bring it to Iloilo. He also denied knowing that it contained
marijuana.

Issues:

Was appellant's right against warrantless arrest and... seizure violated

Ruling:

Was appellant's right against warrantless arrest and... seizure violated?

In the case at hand, however, probable cause is not evident... we hold that appellant and his
baggage were validly searched, not because he was caught in flagrante delicto, but because he
freely consented to the search.

True, appellant and his companion were stopped by PO3 Valenzuela on mere suspicion -- not
probable cause --... that they were engaged in a felonious enterprise. But Valenzuela expressly
sought appellant's permission for the search. Only after appellant agreed to have his person
and baggage checked did the actual search commence

It was his consent which validated the search, waiver being... a generally recognized exception
to the rule against warrantless search

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