n032 Rejano Bianca Marithe Activity 9

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REJANO, BIANCA MARITHE C.

N032 – Nutrition & Diet Theraphy

Final Activity #2: Nutrition and Diet Therapy

Types of Intravenous Fluids

When administering IV fluids, the type and amount of fluid may influence patient outcomes. This activity will help you to understand the
differences between fluid products, description, label color, tonicity or osmolality, their effects, etc.

Type Description Color Tonicity Uses Miscellaneous Nursing Consideration

Example:
Normal Saline 0.9% NaCl in Water Green Isotonic Increases circulating Replaces losses without Should not be used for
Crystalloid Solution (308 mOsm) plasma volume when red altering fluid patients with heart
cells are adequate concentrations. failure, pulmonary edema,
Helpful for Na+ and renal damage.
replacement

Dextrose Dextrose 5% in water Green Isotonic Used to treat Expands the ECF and ICF, Should not be used for
(D5W) 252 hyperthermia helpful in rehydrating fluid resuscitation
mOsm/L and excretory purposes because hyperglycemia
can result.
Should be avoided in
clients at risk for
increased intracranial.
D5LRS Lactated Ringer’s Red Isotonic Used to correct Also used in fluid losses Should not be given to
Solution in 5% 273 dehydration, sodium caused by burns, fistula the patients who cannot
dextrose mOsm/L depletion, and replace drainage, and trauma. metabolize lactate
GI tract fluid loses (e.g.liver disease, lactic
acidosis).
Used in caution for
patients with heart
failure and renal failure.
Dextran 40 Low-Molecular- Green Colloid Used to prevent venous Improve microcirculation Contraindicated in
Weight Dextran 255 thromboembolism on in patients with poor patients with
(LMWD) mOsm/L certain surgical peripheral circulation thrombocytopenia,
procedures hypofibrinogenemia, and
hypersensitivity to
dextran.
One-third 0.33% Sodium Green Hypotonic Used to allow kidneys to Typically administered Should not used for
strength chloride solution 365 retain needed amounts with dextrose to increase patients with heart
normal (0.33%NaCI) mOsm/L of water. Free water tonicity. failure and renal
saline helps kidneys to insufficiency.
eliminate solutes.
½ NS Sodium Chloride Blue Hypotonic Used for replacing water used to treat Excessive use may lead to
solution 154 in patients who have hypernatremia and other hyponatremia due to
(0.45%NaCI)0.45 mOsM/L hypovolemia hyperosmolar conditions. dilution of sodium,
especially in patients who
are prone to water
retention.
Hypertonic 3%NaCI Blue Hypertonic Used in patients with Treatment of severe Should be infused at a
Sodium 1030 cerebral edema hyponatremia very low rate to avoid risk
Chloride mOms/L of pulmonary edema.
Solutions
Human 5% Blue Colloid Used to increase the Commonly utilized Contraindicated with
Albumin 309mOms/L circulating volume and colloid solution patients with the
restore protein levels in following conditions:
a condition such as severe anemia, heart
burns, pancreatitis, and failure, or known
plasma loss through sensitivity to albumin.
trauma.
D10W Dextrose 10 % in Green Hypertonic Used in the treatment Provides calories and Do not infuses using the
water (D10W) 505 of ketosis of starvation free water. same line as blood
mOms/L products as it can cause
RBC hemolysis.

Note: The Example given serves only as a guide, additional information must be provided for a more factual and comprehensive data.
Identify as many as you can.

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