Where The Mind Is Without Fear

Self-Learning Material
Program: BBA
Specialization: All
Semester: 1
Course Name: English
Course Code: 21VBB0L101
Unit Name: Where the Mind is without fear and Bangle Seller
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Table of contents:
• Literary Background of India
• Introduction to Author(Rabindranath Tagore)
• Notable works of Rabindranath Tagore
• About the poem (Where the mind is without fear)
• Structure of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)
• Text of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)
• Analysis of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)
• Critical analysis of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)
• The theme of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)
• Summary of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)
• Figurative devices (Where the mind is without fear)
• Introduction to Author (Sarojini Naidu)
• Notable works of Sarojini Naidu
• About the poem (The Bangle seller)
• Structure of the poem (The Bangle seller)
• Text of the poem (The Bangle seller)
• Analysis of the poem (The Bangle seller)
• Summary of the poem (The Bangle seller)
• Figurative devices (The Bangle seller)
Where the Mind is Without Fear by Tagore
Literary Background of India
Indian literature is the specific literature that was curated in India until 1947 and
in the Republic of India thereafter. Initially, all the Indian literature was orally
transmitted. Verses, dramas were experimented with and praised by the critics. A
major genre that received immense popularity at the beginning is Indian poetry.
Indian poetry is the oldest form of literature and has rich written and oral
traditions. Indian Poetry and literature have a long history dating back to Vedic
times. Indian poetry reflects diverse spiritual traditions within India. R.K.Narayan,
Mulk Anand, Arundati Roy and many more. Many writers wrote during the
independence movement to reflect their ideas on Freedom. Among all
Rabindranath Tagore's writing is deeply rooted in both Indian and Western
learning traditions. Apart from fiction in the form of poetry, songs, stories, and
dramas, his writings also include portrayals of common people's lives, literary
criticism, philosophy, and social issues.
Introduction to Author (Rabindranath Tagore) (7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941)

One of the most profound writers of Indian Literature is Rabindranath Tagore.
Rabindranath Tagore is to Indians what Shakespeare is to the English. He was
born in Kolkata. He was an optimistic writer known for his extraordinary
contribution to Literature. He has made himself a pioneer of Indian literature by
publishing in multiple genres such as poems, stories, essays, novels, dramas and
songs. He is called out for introducing new prose and verse forms in addition to
the usage of colloquial language in Bengali literature. He is responsible for
shaping Bengali literature into greater literature of the world. All of his works are
published diversely and praised by readers all across the globe. Being a
progressive thinker, his writings were often based on bold subjects that were far
ahead of time. He also laid the foundation of co-education by starting it at
Shantiniketan, which promoted the naturalistic philosophy of teaching. His
writings were extraordinary, highly imagistic, deeply religious and imbued with
his love of nature and his homeland which is an important reason for calling out
him as a Pioneer. He was the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in
Literature, in 1913 for his work ‘Geetanjali’(written in Bengali originally). His
contribution to the Nation is well recognized as two national anthems of two
nations are from his work: India’s Jana Gana Mana and Bangladesh’s Amar Shonar
Bangla.
Notable works of Rabindranath Tagore

1. Geetanjali-Also known as 'Song Offerings', Rabindranath's Gitanjali is a
collection of poems, originally written in Bengali and later translated into English.
It made him win the Nobel Prize in Literature. His unfathomable pain and
unshaken devotion to God are captured in the moving prose verses of Gitanjali. It
was published in 1912 with an introduction by William Butler Yeats.
2. Chokher Bali-Also called ‘A grain of sand' is a story that revolves around an
extra-marital affair. It is a story about passion, desires, relationships, unfulfilled
dreams as well as honesty. The complexity of relationships and human character
is very well portrayed in this novel.
3. The Postmaster-This is a touching story of a city-bred young man working as a
postmaster in a remote village to earn his bread and butter.
4. Gora- It is the largest and the most complex of the 12 novels written by
Rabindranath Tagore. It raises several issues/ concerns, which seem very
contemporary and are easily applicable to the current scenario of our country.
This book is a reflection and analysis of the multifarious social life in colonial India.
5. Kabuliwala- The Kabuliwala is a moving tale of an Afghan vendor trying to earn
a living in faraway Calcutta and the emotional bond he develops with the
narrator's five-year-old daughter.
6. Ghare Baire (The Home and the World)-An Autobiographical and psychological
novel that reflects upon the deeper meaning of life through a portrayal of the
struggles of three distinct individuals. The backdrop of this novel is the Swadeshi
Movement, which played an important role in the independence of India.
About the Poem (Where the mind is without fear)

Where the Mind is Without Fear” by Rabindranath Tagore is one of his vastly read
and discussed poems. Rabindranath Tagore, a noble laureate presents a hysterical
poem “Where the mind is without fear” that beautifully portrays a vision of a
hassle-free nation by bestowing his heartfelt reliance on the master of the
Universe. It goes back to the time when India was struggling for freedom as
Britishers were ruling the Nation. India was disturbed by the shackles of slavery
and was opposing the long-living chain of oppression and slavery. And it comes as
a form of prayer where the author prays for the countrymen to live in fear and
must do away with the evils of society. The nation and its people should lead a life
with dignity, respect, honesty and perfection. This prayer to the Almighty to make
the nation free from manipulation and corruption is what the author targets. The
poem was originally composed possibly in 1900 in Bengali (“Chitto jetha
bhayshunyo”) titled as Prarthana”, which essentially means prayer. It appeared in
the volume called ‘Naibedya’ in 1901. The volume was a sincere dedication to the
author's father Maharishi Debendranath Tagore. Later in 1911, Tagore himself
translated the Bengali poem into English and that translation appeared as poem
35 in his Nobel winning anthology “Gitanjali” (Song Offerings) published by the
Indian Society, London in 1912.
Structure of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)

It is an 11-line free verse poem with no rhyming scheme or meter followed. The
poem has been written in one single complex sentence beginning with ‘where’.
The language is simplified with metaphor and personification in various parts of
the poem. The simplicity of the words reflects the poet's honest heart as he
chooses words to describe the nation.
Text of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)
Where The Mind Is Without Fear

Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high
Where knowledge is free
Where the world has not been broken up into fragments
By narrow domestic walls
Where words come out from the depth of truth
Where tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection
Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way
Into the dreary desert sand of dead habit
Where the mind is led forward by thee
Into ever-widening thought and action
Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake.
– Rabindranath Tagore
Analysis of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)

Line 1-2
Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high;
Where knowledge is free;
The poet starts off with a thought-provoking line pointing to the place which has
to be achieved. Where the individual mind is free from fear.’ Fear is nothing but
the sacredness that is inculcated in the minds of Indians under British rule and
how miserable life people lived. So, the poet urges us to live life without fear and
have dignified life because true freedom can only be attained when the mind is
fearless and the head is held high with respect and dignity. Next, he speaks about
knowledge which is directly linked to the thought of gaining independence, which
will help to achieve freedom and make one self-reliant. Knowledge also points to
education which should not be restricted to the upper class only but everybody
should be allowed to acquire knowledge.
Line 3-4
Where the world has not been broken up into fragments
By narrow domestic walls;
Here the poet emphasizes the evils that crept into society at that time. Divide and
rule policy was established by Britishers to create rivalries among different
sections of the society. ‘Narrow domestic walls’ refers to the walls of religion,
race, caste and creed and superstitious beliefs that prevailed in society during
that time. He wishes for a nation free from the narrowness of the minds that
leads to breakage. No prejudices and superstitions should not divide people into
groups and break their unity.
Line 5-6
Where words come out from the depth of truth;
Where tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection;
The lines speak about honesty and utmost truth which should be the foundation
for the people to lead their life. Personification has been used in the sixth line. ‘
Tireless striving’ has been personified as a human being, stretching his arms to
achieve perfection. Similarly, we need to attain the perfection which will come
after all the years of tough struggles the nation faced under British rule. So, we
need to work extremely hard to achieve objectives without any fatigue.
Line 7-8
Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way
Into the dreary desert sand of dead habits;
These lines are very significant as a lot of comparisons has been drawn by the
poet to pin point the fact in front of the readers. The poet uses a metaphor for
reason and habit. He compares ‘reason' or logical thinking to a “clear stream’ and
‘dead habits or superstitious beliefs to a ‘dreary desert’. Poet points to the fact
that we shouldn’t lose our way into the world of prejudices(Desert), which lacks
reasoning and logic. We should be rational while making all the decisions of life.
We should govern ourselves with logical reasoning and stop all beliefs of evil
superstition. Logic should rule over old baseless beliefs. Don’t be lost among
outdated customs and traditions. It should be a nation where blind superstitious
habits of thought and action have not put out the light of reason. Where people’s
minds should not dwell in the mistakes of the past nor be possessed by it. On the
other hand, they should be led by the power of reasoning to be focused on the
future by applying logical thought and action.
Line 9-10
Where the mind is led forward by thee
Into ever-widening thought and action;
The lines ask countrymen to adopt the dynamic approach and support new
thoughts and ideas and be driven by new goals. Poet hopes people to be
progressive and broad-minded. Poet then asks minds that are led forward to ever-
widening thought and action by the Almighty. Let's overcome the narrowness of
our minds and become extraordinary.
Line 11
Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake
The final lines of the poem address the superior God and the poet requests god to
awaken the whole nation into a ‘heaven of freedom where the above conditions
meet. He prays to come out of ignorance, disunity, darkness and all the evil
shackles and bondages of the society. Another idea could be the poet is using it as
a metaphor for the higher self within us.
Critical Analysis of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)
According to Rabindranath Tagore, attainment of ideal freedom was definitely an
arduous but the dreamiest situation in our country, in pre−independent India.
Studies commissioned by Tagore did determine with near certainty that declining
moral values reflect cultural bias in the country, in the sense that post-independent
India scores such bloodshed in the name of religion. Here, Tagore remains an
accurate predictor of Indian sociology. One must possess a fearless mind with
one’s head held high in self-esteem. Knowledge gained by the countrymen ought
to be free from prejudices. The world should not become fragmented through
internal struggles and feuds. The mental make-up should be free from
superstitious, narrow and gloomy practices. The poet, finally, conceives of a
situation, where the mind is guided by the Divine One to awaken ourselves from
the errors of our commitments. Thus, the poem ‘Where the Mind is Without Fear’
goes beyond the boundary of an ordinary patriotic poem. It represents what India
traditionally stands for – the idea of universal tolerance and peace, the idea of self-
dependency and servitude.
The theme of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)

The poem beautifully captures the true essence of true freedom, the main theme
of the poem. True freedom isn’t restricted to the physical barriers but an inner
possession of man could only be understood with God’s guidance. The patriotic,
as well as moral upliftment, was the target of the author. He insists that freedom
as it will provide courage to people and should induce them to pursue the real
path of knowledge and truth. One must rise above the narrow prejudice and
supervision of the society and make a way for themselves and for a better India.
We, men and women of India, must make a supreme mental and spiritual effort
to achieve this true freedom with God’s help and guidance. This true freedom is
true patriotism and it is something more than narrow nationalism or “self-love of
Nations”.
Summary of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)

The poet is dissatisfied and saddened by the miserable lives of the countrymen and
with the present state of his country. He invokes God to awaken his motherland
with a rude shock and make this country an ideal place. With God’s help, the men
and women of India will get true freedom. For this, Indians must be fearless in mind
and dignified in conduct. There must not be any barrier to the search for knowledge
and truth Indians must be free from all Darrow habits and dead customs. There
must not be narrow divisions in the way of the realization of human unity. Indians
must be frank and truthful and must strive tirelessly to achieve perfection in an
ever-expanding field of thought and action. They must be sincere in word and deed
based on clear reason. The poet prays that God's motherland will achieve this true
freedom of mind and spirit and not merely the freedom from foreign rule. It is the
dream of the poet that he wants his countrymen to have the power of reason and
not to give in to age-old superstitious beliefs. He prays to God to help his
countrymen progress so that they become individuals who are logical, progressive
and have a broad-minded outlook. He requests God to guide his countrymen into
the heaven of freedom, where all that he has prayed for comes true. Tagore thus
sketches out the ideal form of freedom and not merely the political freedom that
he desires for his country. He aspires to bring about an awakening in a country that
is enslaved both, politically and intellectually.
Figurative devices in the poem (Where the mind is without fear)
1. Alliteration -- “Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high–The
sound of the letters (‘w’ and ‘h’ are repeated for poetic effect.)
“Where the world has not been broken up into fragments” – The sound of the
letters (w’ and ‘b’ are repeated for poetic effect.)
Into the dreary desert sand of dead habit” The sound of the letter ‘d’ is repeated
for poetic effect.
2. Synecdoche – Here, ‘mind’ and ‘head’(a part) stand for the ‘citizen’ (whole).
“Where the mind is led forward by Thee” – Here, ‘mind’ (a part) stands for the
‘citizen’ (whole).
3.-Metaphor–“By narrow domestic walls” – An indirect comparison has been
made between ‘narrow domestic walls’ and the ‘narrow-minded divisions in
society.
Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way.” – An indirect comparison
has been made between the ‘clarity of a stream’ and ‘reason’.
Into the dreary desert sand of dead habit”—An indirect comparison has been
made between ‘habit’ and ‘desert sand’.
4. Personification –“Where tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection
– An inanimate object ‘striving’ has been given the human qualities of being
‘tireless’ and ‘stretching its arms’
Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way.”-An inanimate object like
the ‘stream’ has been given the human quality of ‘losing its way.
“Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake.” – An inanimate
object ‘country’ has been given the human quality of ‘waking up’
5. Apostrophe – A direct address has been made to ‘Father (God)’ who is not
present there.
The Bangle Seller by Sarojini Naidu
Introduction to Author (Sarojini Naidu)
The so-called ‘Nightingale of India’ Sarojini Naidu is an acclaimed poet, an activist

politician of Independent India. Her journey embarked between 1879 and 1949.
Not only a poet but she was the first female governor in the history of
Independent India(of U.P). She was closely acquainted with Rabindranath Tagore,
Sarladevi Chaudhrani, Gopal Krishna Gokhale and even looked closely at the
freedom struggle with Mahatma Gandhi. She is well known for the realistic
portrayal of her time. She not just mirrors the era she lived in but also ensembles
the elements of the whole of Indian culture and civilization. She caters for all
romantic sensibilities and realistic presentations of her time including nature,
folklife, patriotism, mysticism, love and death. Sarojini Naidu's poems reflect her
art of writing poetry which is marked by her originality of thoughts and
spontaneity of expression. She started writing at the time when sonnets, ode and
lyrics, having an emphasis on colour, imagery, feelings and imagination were in
vogue and she was highly influenced by such writings. She studied ornate poetry
which made an impact on her writings. Sarojini Naidu was a gifted artist with
having ornamental and highly sophisticated style. Her poetry reflected that she
was a superb artist in the use of words. She was a conscientious artist and
believed in communicating her thoughts in a language that was appealing and
graceful. Sarojini Naidu employed polished diction. Her poetry reflects her
command of the English language. Though she was an Indian, she had mastered
the foreign the language which came into circulation in India due to colonialism.
She had read well the English Romantic poets who influenced her to a great
extent. Naidu was conscious of the importance of language in the world of poetry
and therefore she strived to have a sophisticated style by using a language that
glowed with fine diction and brilliant figures of speech.
Notable works of Sarojini Naidu

Songs (1895)
The Golden Threshold (1905- the first collection of poems that got published)
The Bird of Time (1912)
The Broken Wing (1917)
The Sceptered Flute
The Feather of the Dawn,(published posthumously in 1961)
About the poem (The Bangle seller)

Sarojini Naidu is well known for her great depiction of imagery and contemporary
Indian themes. Her poems talk about social, religious and symbolic values such as
bangles in Indian culture in this poem. “In The Bazaars of Hyderabad“ is another
well-known poem for the symbolic use of Indian themes by Naidu. The poem ‘The
Bangle sellers’ depicts the stages of Indian women comparing it to different
colours of bangles sold by the bangle sellers. It is included in her collection of
poems called “The Bird of Time” published in 1912. The poem reveals the life of
women living with Indian cultures and traditions with the help of bangles, an
important ornament for Indian women to embellish themselves with which also
suggests happiness, peace, and prosperity.
Structure of the poem (The Bangle seller)

The poem is a well-written lyric poem of 24 lines which is divided into 4 stanzas of
six lines. Each stanza consists of three rhyming couplets, following a simple rhyme
scheme of ‘AABBCC.’ It follows no particular metrical style. The poem follows a
definite structure. Of the four stanzas, the first stanza serves as an introduction,
while the three subsequent stanzas deals, three important stages of a woman
respectively.
Text of the poem (The Bangle seller)
Bangle sellers are we who bear

Our shining loads to the temple fair...
Who will buy these delicate, bright?
Rainbow-tinted circles of light?
Lustrous tokens of radiant lives,
For happy daughters and happy wives.
Some are meet for a maiden's wrist,

Silver and blue as the mountain mist,
Some are flushed like the buds that dream
On the tranquil brow of a woodland stream,
Some are aglow with the bloom that cleaves
To the limpid glory of newborn leaves
Some are like fields of sunlit corn,

Meet for a bride on her bridal morn,
Some, like the flame of her marriage fire,
Or, rich with the hue of her heart's desire,
Tinkling, luminous, tender, and clear,
Like her bridal laughter and bridal tears.
Some are purple and gold-flecked grey

For she who has journeyed through life midway,
Whose hands have cherished, whose love has blest,
And cradled fair sons on her faithful breast,
And serves her household in fruitful pride,
And worships the gods at her husband's side.
Analysis of the poem (The Bangle seller)
STANZA 1
Bangle sellers are we who bear
Our shining loads to the temple fair...
Who will buy these delicate, bright?
Rainbow-tinted circles of light?
Lustrous tokens of radiant lives,
For happy daughters and happy wives.
The poem starts off with an introduction of bangle sellers who are present at the
temple fair to make a living by trading these bangles. They all are echoing one
voice to emphasize that they all serve a single purpose to sell. A temple fair is a
typically Indian setting because of its rich cultures of temples and temple goers.
Bangles, in Indian culture, are associated with happiness and prosperity and
bought on special occasions. Bangles are also an important ornament for the
beautification of women in Indian society. They are carrying the ‘Shinning load’
which portrays the heaviness of life upon them to sell them to the onlookers.
They are using a list of adjectives like delicate, bright, rainbow-tinted circles of
light to describe the qualities. It is clear It is made clear that they know that a
temple fair is where they get to meet women of every age. They urge the
onlookers to buy them for their daughters and wives.
STANZA 2
Some are meet for a maiden's wrist,
Silver and blue as the mountain mist,
Some are flushed like the buds that dream
On the tranquil brow of a woodland stream,
Some are aglow with the bloom that cleaves
To the limpid glory of new born leaves
The next set of lines brings the colorful imagery among the readers as the bangle
sellers are showing different kinds of bangles sellers possess. They are coloured
differently, representing the significance of each. There are some for young
unmarried maidens’ wrist, which is silver and blue coloured resembling the young
mist of mountain. Then there are pink and light red akin to the tenderness of
flower buds blossoming near woodland steam. There are also some green-
coloured bangles, glowing fresh and pure newborn leaves. It is interesting to note
that the poet here uses the words ‘flushed like the buds that dream.’ The word
‘buds’ here is suggestive of chastity. ‘Buds that dreams‘ present before us an
image of young girls dreaming of marriage. This represents the fact that in Indian
society, different coloured bangles are worn by women in different phases of
their life. The complete stanza depicts the youthful stage in a woman’s life.
STANZA 3
Some are like fields of sunlit corn,
Meet for a bride on her bridal morn,
Some, like the flame of her marriage fire,
Or, rich with the hue of her heart's desire,
Tinkling, luminous, tender, and clear,
Like her bridal laughter and bridal tears.
In the next lines the colours of bridal bangles “Yellow” and “Red” are compared to
the “fields of sunlit corn,” “flame of her marriage fire,” and the “hue of her heart’s
desire.” they are fit for a grown woman on her bridal morning. Other bangles are
bright red just like the flame of the marriage fire (Hindu bridal ceremony). The red
bangles indicate her heart’s desire and passion for her new life as a bride and
wife. They are described as ‘tinkling, luminous, tender and clear’. These bangles
compare the marriage flame to a bride’s deepest desires. The usage of ‘bridal
laughter and bridal tears’ represents both the excitement of a new beginning as a
wife and the grief of separation from the parents and home. It points to the
transition that a woman makes from a maiden daughter to a wife.
STANZA 4
Some are purple and gold-flecked grey
For she who has journeyed through life midway,
Whose hands have cherished, whose love has blest,
And cradled fair sons on her faithful breast,
And serves her household in fruitful pride,
And worships the gods at her husband's side
In the last stanza, the poet provides great insight into the image of a complete
woman who lives in a patriarchal society, especially in Iida. Here we talk about a
middle-aged woman who has journeyed through her life. They fulfill all household
duties with pride and commitment and showed devotion to their God with
sincere prayers alongside their husbands. The poet extols the qualities of a good
wife and mother. The use of the word ‘sons’ in place of ‘children’ may also be a
satirical reminder of the accepted preference for a male child in Indian society at
that time and age.
Summary Of the Bangle Seller
The poem explores Indian culture and its significance while presenting the
symbolic value of bangles which is an important ornament for the embellishment
of women in Indian Society and bangle sellers, who sell them. They often carry
loads of bangles in order to sell them in a temple. The bangles are fragile, delicate
and colourful just like life. Just as a woman has to go through multiple stages in
her life, the bangles change significantly too. The colour, texture and design
present the change of women and their role. Out of all, the seller informs that
some bangles are for happy daughters and some for happy wives. The poet brings
out colourful imagery from lush nature to draw the beauty of the bangles and
their precious values. The different colours meant for different stages of life
indicate the importance given to bangles in the life of Indian women in Indian
Culture and Tradition. And the bangles are available for all from maidens to
middle-aged women who in her fruitful pride worship the gods at her husband’s
side. The poem has intricate imagery linked with bangles and depicts the
women’s role in Indian society. lush and natural imagery, the beauty of the
bangles and their precious values.
Figurative devices in the poem (The Bangle seller)

1. Simile
Poet associates the colours of bangles to the stages of women “Silver and blue as
the mountain mist”
Poet associates the colours of bangles to the stages of women “Some are flushed
like the buds that dream”
The poet compares the colours of the bangle for a bride to the “fields of sunlit
corn,” and “flame of her marriage fire.”
The simile used in the last line of the third stanza “bridal laughter and bridal tear”
comprises the joy and sorrow of getting married.
2. Metaphors
In the first stanza bangles are addressed as “Rainbow-tinted circles of light,” and
the heaviness of their life and the bangle is called “shining loads.” In the second
stanza, the young maidens are compared to the “buds that bloom” to picture the
colour “rosy-red.”
3. Imagery
The poet has skillfully employed ‘Imagery.’ Her adept use of words creates images
in the mind of the readers. One could visualize the “mountain mist,” “buds that
dream”, “newborn leaves” and “flame of her marriage fire” and the ‘tinkling’
sound. They beautifully describe the scene.
4. Alliteration
‘H’ is repeated in two lines —“Or, rich with the hue of her heart’s desire”
and “Whose hands have cherished, whose love has blest”.
5. Rhetorical Questions
While advertising the quality of their bangles, also while wondering about his/her
prospective customer the speaker asks, “Who will buy these delicate, bright/
Rainbow-tinted circles of light?”
6. Anaphora
The poet has used the rhetorical device anaphora when describing the ideal wife
or a complete woman. Consecutive three lines in the last stanza begin with the
word “and” making emphasis on the incidents marking a woman a good wife.

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Self-Learning Material

Introduction to Author (Rabindranath Tagore) (7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941)

Notable works of Rabindranath Tagore

About the Poem (Where the mind is without fear)

Structure of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)

Text of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)

Where The Mind Is Without Fear

Analysis of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)

The theme of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)

Summary of the poem (Where the mind is without fear)

The Bangle Seller by Sarojini Naidu

Introduction to Author (Sarojini Naidu)

The so-called ‘Nightingale of India’ Sarojini Naidu is an acclaimed poet, an activist

Notable works of Sarojini Naidu

About the poem (The Bangle seller)

Structure of the poem (The Bangle seller)

Text of the poem (The Bangle seller)

Bangle sellers are we who bear

Some are meet for a maiden's wrist,

Some are like fields of sunlit corn,

Some are purple and gold-flecked grey

Analysis of the poem (The Bangle seller)

Summary Of the Bangle Seller

Figurative devices in the poem (The Bangle seller)

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