Kindly Conduct Research About Fans and Blowers. Provide Supporting Pictures and Diagrams

Kindly conduct research about fans and blowers.
Provide supporting pictures and

diagrams.
Fans and blowers provide air for ventilation and industrial process requirements. Fans
generate a pressure to move air (or gases) against a resistance caused by ducts, dampers, or other
components in a fan system. The fan rotor receives energy from a rotating shaft and transmits it
to the air.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FANS AND BLOWERS
Fans, blowers and compressors are differentiated by the method used to move the air, and
by the system pressure they must operate against. As per American Society of Mechanical
Engineers (ASME) the specific ratio - the ratio of the discharge pressure over the suction
pressure - is used for defining the fans, blowers and compressors.
Fan and blower selection depends on the volume flow rate, pressure, type of material
handled, space limitations, and efficiency. Fan efficiencies differ from design to design and also
by types.
Fans fall into two general categories: centrifugal flow and axial flow.
 In centrifugal flow, airflow changes direction twice - once when entering and second when
leaving (forward curved, backward curved or inclined, radial)
 In axial flow, air enters and leaves the fan with no change in direction (propeller,
tubeaxial, vaneaxial.)
Centrifugal Fan
Types The major types of centrifugal fan are: radial, forward curved and backward curved
1. Radial fans are industrial workhorses because of their high static pressures (up to 1400
mm WC) and ability to handle heavily contaminated airstreams. Because of their simple
design, radial fans are well suited for high temperatures and medium blade tip speeds.
2. Forward-curved fans are used in clean environments and operate at lower temperatures.
They are well suited for low tip speed and high-airflow work - they are best suited for
moving large volumes of air against relatively low pressures.
3. Backward-inclined fans are more efficient than forward-curved fans. Backward Inclined
fans reach their peak power consumption and then power demand drops off well within
their usable airflow range. Backward-inclined fans are known as "non overloading"
because changes in static pressure do not overload the motor.
Axial Flow Fan
Types The major types of axial flow fans are: tube axial, vane axial and propeller
1. Tubeaxial fans have a wheel inside a cylindrical housing, with close clearance between blade
and housing to improve airflow efficiency. The wheel turns faster than propeller fans,
enabling operation under high-pressures 250 – 400 mm WC. The efficiency is up to 65%.
2. Vaneaxial fans are similar to tube axials, but with addition of guide vanes that improve
efficiency by directing and straightening the flow. As a result, they have a higher static
pressure with less dependence on the duct static pressure. Such fans are used generally
for pressures upto 500 mmWC. Vaneaxials are typically the most energy-efficient fans
available and should be used whenever possible.
3. Propeller fans usually run at low speeds and moderate temperatures. They experience a large
change in airflow with small changes in static pressure. They handle large volumes of air at
low pressure or free delivery. Propeller fans are often used indoors as exhaust fans. Outdoor
applications include air-cooled condensers and cooling towers. Efficiency is low –
approximately 50% or less.
Common Blower Types
Blowers can achieve much higher pressures than fans, as high as 1.20 kg/cm2 . They are
also used to produce negative pressures for industrial vacuum systems. Major types are:
centrifugal blower and positive-displacement blower.
Centrifugal blowers look more like centrifugal pumps than fans. The impeller is typically
gear-driven and rotates as fast as 15,000 rpm. In multi-stage blowers, air is accelerated as it
passes through each impeller. In a single-stage blower, air does not take many turns, and hence it
is more efficient.
Centrifugal blowers typically operate against pressures of 0.35 to 0.70 kg/cm2 , but can
achieve higher pressures. One characteristic is that airflow tends to drop drastically as system
pressure increases, which can be a disadvantage in material conveying systems that depend on a
steady air volume. Because of this, they are most often used in applications that are not prone to
clogging.

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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FANS AND BLOWERS

Axial Flow Fan

Common Blower Types

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