A simple turbojet is operating with a compressor pressure ratio of 12, and turbine inlet

temperature of 1300K and a mass flow of 15Kg/s, when the aircraft is flying at a Mach No.
0.8 at an altitude of 9000m. Assuming the following component efficiencies and ISA
conditions Pa =0.308 bar and Ta=279K. Calculate the propelling nozzle area required, net
thrust developed and SFC.
Isentropic efficiency of compressor and turbine = 0.85
Isentropic efficiency of intake = 0.95
Isentropic efficiency of propelling nozzle = 0.95
Transmission efficiency = 0.99
Combustion chamber pressure loss = 6% of compressor delivery pressure.
Combustion efficiency = 0.98
C.V. = 43MJ/kg

Your Answer

Question 2

The interior of refrigerator having inside dimensions of 0.5m x 0.5 m base area and 1 m
height is to be maintained at 6oC. The walls of refrigerator are constructed of two mild steel
sheets 3 mm thick (k = 46.3 W/m -oC) with 50 mm of glass wool insulation (k = 0.046 W/m -
o
C) between them. If the average heat transfer coefficient at the inner and outer surface are
11.6 W/m2 -oC and 14.5 W/m2 -oC respectively. Calculate (i) the rate at which heat must be
removed from the interior to maintain the specified temperature in the kitchen at 25 oC (ii)
temperature on the outer surface of metal sheet.

Your Answer

Question 3

/ 10

Hot air at temperature of 65oC is flowing through a steel pipe of 120 mm diameter. The pipe
is covered with two layers of different insulating materials of thickness 60 mm and 40 mm
and their corresponding thermal conductivities are 0.24 and 0.4 W/m - oC. The inside and
outside heat transfer coefficient are 60 and 12 W/m 2 -oC. The atmosphere is at 20 oC. Find
the rate of heat loss from 60 m length pipe.

Your Answer

1. Question 4

/ 10
 A spherical shaped vessel of 1.4 m diameter is 90 mm thick. Find the rate of heat leakage, if
the temperature difference between the inner and outer surface is 22 oC. Thermal
conductivity of material of sphere is 0.083 W/m -oC.

Your Answer

2. Question 5

/ 10

Water flows inside a tube 45 mm in diameter and 3.2 m long at a velocity of 0.78
m/s. Determine the heat transfer coefficient and the rate of heat transfer if the mean water
temperature is 50oC and the wall is isothermal at 70 oC. for water at 50oC take k = 0.66 W/m -
o
C, ν  = 0.478 x10-6 m2/s and Prandtl number 2.98.

Your Answer

3. Question 6

/ 10

The flow rates of hot and cold water streams running through a parallel flow heat exchanger
are 0.2 kg/s and 0.5 kg/s respectively. The inlet temperature on the hot and cold sides is
75oC and 20oC respectively. The exit temperature of hot water is 45 oC. If the individual heat
transfer coefficient on both sides are 650 W/m -oC. Calculate the area of heat exchanger.

Your Answer

4. Question 7

/ 10

In a counter flow double pipe heat exchanger water is heated from 25 oC to 65oC by an oil
with a specific heat of 1.45 kJ/kg-K and mass flow rate of 0.9 kg/s. the oil is cooled from
230oC to 160oC. If overall heat transfer coefficient is 420 W/m 2 -oC. Calculate the following (i)
the rate of heat transfer (ii)the mass flow rate of water (iii) the surface area of heat
exchanger.

Your Answer

5. Question 8
 / 10

The effective temperature of body having an area of 0.12 m 3 is 527oC, calculate (i) total rate
of energy emission (ii) intensity of normal radiation (iii) wavelength of maximum
monochromatic power.

Your Answer

6. Question 9

/ 10

A long steel rod of 22 mm in diameter is to be heated from 420 oC to 540oC. It is placed

concentrically in a long cylindrical furnace which has an inside diameter of 180 mm. The
inner surface of furnace is at a temperature of 1100 oC and has an emissivity of 0.82. If the
surface of the rod has an emissivity of 0.62. Find the time required for heat operation. Take
for steel C = 0.67 kJ/kg-K, ρ = 7845 kg/m 3.

Your Answer

7. Question 10

/ 10

The large parallel planes with emissivities 0.3 & 0.6 exchanges heat. Find the percentage
reduction when a polished aluminum shield of emissivity 0.04 is placed between them. Use
method of electrical analogy.

Your Answer

8. Question 11

/ 10

Heat conducted through a compound plate composed of two parallel plates of different
materials ‘A’ and ‘B’ of conductivities 132 W/m-K and 59 W/m-K of thickness 35 and 40 mm
respectively if the temperature of outer faces of the slab ‘A’ and that of ‘B’ are found to be
steady at 95oC and 8oC respectively. Find the temperature of inner face A/B.

Your Answer

9. Question 12
 / 10

Estimate the net radiant exchanger per square meter for two very large planes at
temperature 560oC and 300oC respectively. Assume that emissivities of hot and cold planes
are 0.8 and 0.6 respectively.

Your Answer

10. Question 13

/ 10

Calculate the heat flowing through a furnace wall 0.23 m thick the inside and outside
surface temperatures of which are 1000 and 200 respectively. Assume that the mean
thermal conductivity of the wall material is 1.1W/mK. Assuming that 7mm of insulation
(k=0.075 W/mK) is added to the outside surface temperature of the wall. If the cost of the
insulation is Rs. 70 per sq m. what time will be required to pay for the insulation? Base the
calculation on the 24 hours operation per day and 199 days per year. Heat energy may be
valued at Rs.10 per 1000 kWh.

Your Answer

11. Question 14

/ 10

A turbojet engine flying at an altitude receives air at 0.6 bar and 255 K and it is compressed
through a compression ratio of 8 with an isentropic efficiency of 80%. Fuel with heating
value of 40 MJ/kg is used to raise the temperature to 1200 K before entering the turbine
with isentropic efficiency of 95%. The mechanical transmission efficiency is 97%. A
convergent nozzle with an exit area of 0.5 m2 is used to produce a gas jet. Determine the jet
velocity, thrust and specific fuel consumption.

Your Answer

12. Question 15

/ 10

A steel tube k =43.26 W/mK of 5.08 cm ID and 7.62 OD is covered with 2.54 cm asbestos
insulation k = 0.208 W/mK. The inside surface of tube receives heat by convection from hot
gas at a temperature of 316 with heat transfer coefficient of  284 W/m2K while the outer
 surface of insulation is exposed to atmosphere air at 38 with heat transfer coefficient of 17
W/m2K. Calculate heat loss to atmosphere for 3 m length of the tube and temperature drop
across each layer.

Your Answer

13. Question 16

/ 10

An aircraft flies at 90 km/hr. One of its turbojet engines takes in   40 kg/s of air and expands
the gases to the ambient pressure. The air – fuel ratio is 50 and the lower calorific value of
fuel is 43 MJ/kg. For maximum thrust power, determine: jet velocity, thrust, specific thrust,
thrust power, propulsive and thermal efficiencies.

Your Answer

14. Question 17

/ 10

A cold storage room has walls made of 0.23m of bricks on the outside, 0.08 m of plastic
foam and finally 15 mm of wood on the inside. The outside and inside air temperatures are
22 and – 2 respectively. If the inside and outside heat transfer coefficients are 29 and 12
W/m2K and thermal conductivities of brick foam and wood are 0.98, 0.02 and 0.17 W/mK
respectively. Determine (i) the rate of heat removal by refrigeration if the total wall area is
90 m2 and (ii) the temperature of inside surface of the brick.

Your Answer

15. Question 18

/ 10

The following data apply to a twin spool turbofan engine, with the fan driven by the LP
turbine and the compressor by the HP turbine. Separate cold and hot nozzles are used:
Overall pressure ratio =25     ; By pass ratio =         5;
Fan pressure ratio =1.65         ;Turbine inlet temperature = 1550 K.
Fan, compressor and turbine Polytropic efficiency   = 90%
Isentropic efficiency of each propelling nozzle = 95%
Mechanical efficiency of catch spool = 99%
Combustion pressure loss = 1.50bar
Combustion efficiency = 99%
 Total air mass flow =215 kg/s.
It is required to find the thrust and SFC under sea level static conditions .Where the ambient
pressure and temperature are 1.0 bar and 288 K.

Your Answer

16. Question 19

/ 10

level flight at an altitude of 10km. the data for the engine is given below;
Stagnation temperature at the turbine inlet    = 1200 K
Stagnation temperature rise through the compressor = 175 K
Calorific value of the fuel = 43 MJ/Kg.
Compressor efficiency = 75%
Combustion chamber efficiency = 97.5%
Turbine efficiency = 81%
Mechanical efficiency of the power transmission between   = 98%
Turbine, compressor & Exhaust nozzle efficiency     = 97%
Specific impulse = 25s
Assuming the same properties for air and combustion gases. Calculate, (a) compressor
pressure ration, (b) fuel-air ratio (c) turbine pressure ratio,(d) exhaust nozzle pressure ratio
and      (e) Mach number of exhaust jet.