Xaviers Institute of Business Management Studies

MARKS: 80

SUB: Organizational Behavior

ATTEMPT ALL CASES 

 Case 1:  Motivating through Total Reward 

1.  Name two motivating factors at RBS.

ANS:- Herzberg and the 'two factors'. Herzberg's theory showed that certain motivation flews
needed to be in place first. These were called Wed 'hygiene' Wtors, for example, a clean work
place and good bade pay. Only once these were in place could other factors be brought in to
motivate workers.  RBS uses a number of factors to motivate its people. These include
recognition for a job well done, promotion and other rewards

2.  Describe the differences between the theories of Taylor and Maslow.

ANS:- Taylor and 'scientific management’.  This theory said that every job could be measured
by the amount of work done or the number of pieces made (this is known as the 'piece rate').
Workers would work harder because they would earn more. 

* Maslow and the hierarchy of needs’.  This theory showed that workers had to have their basic
needs, such as feeling safe and secure, met first.  Only then could they move on to be motivated
by other things.  However, RBS believes that meeting these higher needs, for example, by
recognizing achievement, will motivate employees and help the company to grow.  It has put in
place a number of benefits to meet these needs. 
3.  How does RBS’ Total Reward package fulfill Maslow’s higher levels of
motivation?

ANS:- Consistent with the theory of Maslow, RBS has adopted a program that is aimed at
adequately fulfilling the varying needs influencing employee motivations this is called Total
Reward package A human resources and management strategy that goes beyond the usual
salary payment scheme

The monetary compensation alone cannot sufficiently fulfill the vary needs of the human
persons

RBS has decided to employ the principle off total of Total reward so as to allow its employees to
allow to enjoy an array of personally rewarding benefits The Company offers Flexible working
Hours.

4.  How does Total Reward contribute to RBS’ overall strategy?

ANS:- The Basic premise underlying the practice of Total reward Package lies in the idea that a
motivated workforce yields beneficial results for the company, in principle, a company puts a
substantial amount of investment to empower its employees in the hope of they would in turn
perform efficiently for the sake of the company continued growth and progress . In many ways
putting Total Reward Package into a practicable use for RBS has proven to be rewarding not
only for the employees but also for the company itself.

Case 2: Using aims and objectives to create a business strategy

Explain what is meant by a premium brand.

ANS:- It has developed a strong reputation within the cereal market. This
reputation is based upon the faith and confidence of consumers. They are “market
leaders,” which is synonymous with premium brand.
 Premium and luxury brands are brand systems characterized by performance
leadership in their segment and by an outstanding, product-specific basic and
additional benefit. Premium und luxury brands can assert higher prices for their
products and services than brands with similar tangible functions.

It then uses the strength of its brands to help it reach them. Ensures that each
brand has a unique place in the minds of its customers

Describe the difference between an aim and an objective

ANS:- Aims are the purpose of a project, whether it be a professional goal or a

personal one. It is the main thing that motivates individual(s) to strive and do
better. Not only it the first step in the way of a project, but It is the overall
intention of a project that every person has

Objectives are the various steps that are set in a larger front to achieve that aim
that has been set by the person or the group of people. People have either
personal or personal Objectives or even both. They are often more than in
number than the number of Aims.

Parameters of
Aims Objectives
Comparison

Another names Purpose, Intention, etc. Target, etc.

Objectives are the steps taken to

Aims are the goals that are set
Definition achieve the goal that is set in the
by a person(s).
process of setting Aims.

Placement in Aims comes first in the Objectives come after the set of the
achievement process. Aims.
process

There is no a certain time Objectives have a time limit for them

Time consumed
bound to achieve the Aim. to be fulfilled.

To develop character,
Recruitment of job seekers, teaching
 Examples encourage, To provide people
different techniques to people, etc.
with knowledge, etc.

Outline the purpose of Kellogg's work with the ASA.

ANS:- The company communicates to their customers about the need for healthy
living through a variety of advertisements. They even have created cartoon
characters that can be found on packaging of their products, which share the
message to eat properly.

Kellogg is the main sponsor of swimming in Great Britain. This sponsorship

increases the public perception that Kellogg’s products help to create healthy and
active individuals. This position greatly contributes to Kellogg’s aim of informing
individuals of a healthy balanced lifestyle. They also contributed to the 1.8 million
awards given to swimmers annually, rewarding those who represent Kellogg’s
branded message of healthy-active living.

Using examples to support your dialogue, evaluate how Kellogg communicates

and discuss how this enables it to position its brand.
ANS:-Kellogg has divided its communications into two categories: internal and
external. Their internal communication is primarily done through a magazine
which is given to all of their employees. This magazine focuses on the goals, aims
and objectives of the company, how to get active and live a healthy lifestyle and
highlights Kellogg’s involvement in sport and exercise.

Kellogg’s external communication is done in a variety of ways, but does not reach
a very broad audience. The company uses the back of their cereal boxes to
communicate to individuals that a balanced lifestyle is important to sustainable
living. Kellogg also has pamphlets and leaflets available on their website which
outlines their suggestions for becoming more healthy and active. The company
could reach new consumers by creating television ads on a variety of networks,
offering samples to consumers, and openly sponsoring many more school
breakfast programs. Their current branding methods only reach the consumers
that are already using their products. By expanding to a larger audience the
company would be able to generate a sense of value in new customers resulting
in more commitment to the Kellogg brand.

Case 3: Continuous improvement within an organization

1. What is Kaizen? I low is this different from a one-step leap

forward?

ANS:-A Kaizen action is one designed to bring about improvement. Often this
involves teams meeting to see where problems might lie. Lots of these small steps
can lead to big improvements. A good example is Leyland's introduction of robots
in its paint process.

Kaizen is a Japanese word which refers to continuous improvement. Kaizen

involves all the employees in the organization from CEO to labor worker. Kaizen
is nothing but refers to little continuous small step improvement of the whole
organization

Leyland has implemented the practice of continuous improvement because of the

following major reasons:
To increase the production capacity from 18,000 to 25,000 units 
To meet the planned production and sales growth 
To make the customer happy by fulfilling the demand for reliable trucks 
To be on top of the competitive market 
To cut the increase in labor cost by increasing the production efficiency

2. How is Kaizen expected to help Leyland Trucks to increase its market

share?

ANS:-It has earned over a period of time in relation to its rivals. The role that
Kaizen plays is that by implementing the theories of Kaizen Leyland has introduced
a new way of building arobotic paint spray booth but the way in which Kaizen
differentiated itself is that it opened this production line for the summer months
after careful planning in the previous semester of the year. This progressive step of
opening a new line of production is meant to boost sales production capacity from
18000 to 25000 units. In conclusion it can be noted that introducing the robotic
arm chassis can boost the efficiency in small progressions for Leyland under the
concept of Kaizen

Leyland trucks is expecting to increase its market share to 20% by following the
major two strategy, which includes:

Continuous Improvement
 
Increase production capacity by 40% from 18,000 to 25,000 units As part of
continuous improvement kaizen is introducing a robotic paint spray booth for the

truck chassis. Introduction of this state-of-the-art technology was a strategy to

directly increase the production by cutting the time frame. As part of the kaizen,
successful introduction of the production line and getting little improvement
ideas from everyone was considered to implement the giant leap of introduction
of robotic

3. How does Leyland Trucks measure its continuous improvement? Can

you suggest K KPls for another type of business organization e.g. a
retailer or a leisure center'?

ANS: - Leyland trucks measure its continuous improvement through its KPIs.

Some of the main measures used are as below:

 On-time performance (be able to meet deadlines)

 Less no of accidents at work 
 No of defects 
 Production efficiency 
 Quality and quantity of production

4. Why is continuous improvement most likely to be achieved in a

company with a culture of trust'? Start your answer by explaining what
is meant by a culture of trust. 
ANS:- Culture’ describes the way in which a business works. The culture at
Leyland Trucks is one of continuous improvement. It is based on all being
involved. Everyone is trusted to take part in the process and to contribute where
they can. Its values are based on team building and training. It involves everyone
in decision making and gives them responsibility and power. It encourages
everyone to try out new ideas. People ‘live the values’ every day by sharing
working in teams and celebrating success.

Kaizen in action the success of Kaizen can be seen through a recent example. In

May 2006, a Kaizen, event was held in the vehicle finishing part of the plant. A
team of project leaders worked with other staff. All tried to spot problems and
suggest solutions. This led to more than suggest solutions. This led to more than
greater efficiency in a number of areas. 200 ideas for improvement and greater
efficiency in a number of areas.

Case 4: Managing risk through effective. Team-based decision making

1. What do you understand by the term, 'thinking outside the box'? Give an example of
how this can be applied to engineers working for RWE npower.

ANS: - Among the most well-worn phrases in the business world is “thinking outside the

box”. It is supposed to mean thinking creatively, freely, and off the beaten path. It’s the

kind of thinking that — in an age of increasingly powerful algorithms and neural

networks garners significant attention. For now, it’s the kind of stuff that machines can’t

do that well.
2. How does encouraging thinking outside the box help RWE npower to make improvements in
the way in which it operates?

3.  Explain how encouraging engineers at RWE npower to think outside the box has led to
increased motivation for these employees.

4.  Recommend wavy in which another organization of your choice might improve its
employees to think in creative ways about work. Results through encouraging its employees to
think in creative ways about work-related problems.