Module 3 (Coad 11)

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St.

Louis College of Bulanao


Purok 6, Bulanao, Tabuk City, Kalinga 3800

TITLE/TOPIC
INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION

LESSON 3
BJMP RECEPTION PROCEDURES AND SECURITY CONTROL

I. INTRODUCTION

From the previous discussions we learned the modern concept of penology; the purpose of the confinement, the
principles of the corrections, and the common terminologies used in this topic. In this module, the students will
learn and understand the reception procedure and punishable acts of offenders, and the security control.

II. LEARNING OUTCOMES


At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
 Know the reception procedure and punishable acts of offenders, and the security control
 Discuss the importance of segregating inmates with special needs.

III. COURSE CONTENT

A. RECEPTION PROCEDURES
A decent and humane program of confinement starts with a systematic reception of inmates for commitment
to the BJMP's jails facilities.
The following procedure should therefore be observed:
1. The Jail Desk Officer carefully check the credentials of the person(s) bringing in the inmate to determine
his/ her their identity and authority. The officer also ascertains from the person(s) that law enforcement
procedures, including the verification for standing warrant/ criminal record of the arrested person before
physical presentation in court, must have been undertaken prior to the inmate's transfer/ commitment to the
jail.

It is understood therefore that other standing warrants must have been served when a person is admitted for
jail custody.
2. The Jail Desk Officer carefully examines the arrest report and the authenticity of the commitment order or
mittimus in due form to determine whether the inmate has been committed under legal authority as
provided for by Section 3, Rule XIII of the rules of court.

a. Person arrested by virtue of a Warrant of Arrest must secure a Commitment order from the court where
the Warrant of Arrest issued before he can be committed to jail.

b. The admitting jail officer takes all cash and other personal property from the inmate, lists them down on
a receipt form in duplicate, duly signed by him/ her and countersigned by the inmate. The original
receipt should be kept for the record and the duplicate copy should be given to the inmate

c. All cash and other valuable of the inmate must be turned over to the Property Custodian for safekeeping
and covered by official receipt.

d. The inmate is then fingerprinted and photographed.

e. The admitting jail booking report attaching thereto the inmate's photograph for reference.

f. The newly admitted inmate shall be thoroughly strip Searched. His/ her clothing shall also be carefully
examined for contraband. He/ she is then checked for body vermin Cuts, bruises and other injuries, and
for needle marks to determine if he/ she is a drug dependent.
g. The Jail Medical Personnel or the local Health Officer immediately conducts a thorough medical
examination of the inmate.

h. When it is not possible for the Jail Medical Personnel to be in attendance during the inmate's admission,
the receiving officers shall observe the mental alertness, overall appearance, Physical abnormalities,
rashes, scratches or other identifying marks of the individual and note them down in the inmate’s jail
report. The offender observed to be suffering front any contagious disease is immediately isolated.

i. A medical record is accomplished by the Jail Medical Personnel or Local Health Officer, showing the
condition of the inmate at the time of admission and to include, if possible, his/ her medical history.

j. Upon commitment, the inmate should be briefed or oriented in the jail rules and regulations by the
Chief Custodial Officer or the Officer of the day prior to classification and segregation.

k. The sentenced inmates shall be provided by jail clothing. His/ her personal clothing should be properly
received, cleaned and stored safety until his/ her release. The detainee, for his/ er own safety, may be
allowed to wear civilian clothes.

n. The warden establishes and maintains a record of all inmates, consisting of information of the inmate's
name and alias(es), if any; weight, height, and body marks or tattoos, if any; nationality and, if a naturalized
Filipino, his/ her previous nationality; previous occupation/ profession; prior criminal convictions; and
previous place of residence. In the case of a detainee, the record shall also indicate the crime of which he/
she was convicted; the sentencing court, his/ her sentence and the commencement date thereof; institutional
behaviour and conduct, and the date he/ she was received for confinement.
In the case of detainee, the record shall indicate the Criminal Case number in the trial court where the case
1s pending; or the Case number in the Appellate Court if the case is on appeal and the status of the appeal;
or the reason for his/ her detention.

l. Upon completion of the reception procedures, the detainee is assigned to his/her quarters.

p. The detainee should be issued all materials that he/ she will be using during his/ her confinement.

q. Upon receipt of a detainee, he / she shall be appraised, preferably in the dialect which he/ she understand,
that under Article 29 of the Revised Penal Code, as amended by Republic Act No. 6125, his/ her preventive
imprisonment shall be credited in the service of his/ her sentence, consisting of deprivation of liberty of the
whole period he/ she agrees voluntarily in writing to abide by the same disciplinary rules imposed upon
convicted prisoners; Provided, that he/ she is not a recidivist, or has not been previously convicted twice or
more times of any crime; and when, upon being summoned for the execution of his/ her sentence, he/ she
surrendered voluntarily.

r. If the inmate agrees to abide by the same disciplinary rules imposed upon convicted inmates. He/ she
shall be asked to sign Detainee's Manifestation. Otherwise, the warden issues a Certification under oath to
the effect that the detainee was apprised of the provisions of Article 29 of the Revised Penal Code, as
amended, and that the detainee refused to abide by the rules imposed upon convicted inmates.

s. An 1nmate who signs a Detainee's Manifestation shall be treated as a sentenced inmate insofar as work
and discipline are concerned. Any failure or neglect to perform his/ her assigned work shall be sufficient
cause for the cancellation of the Manifestation. Thereafter, he/ she shall not be treated as a convicted inmate
and cease to earn the privilege granted.

t. A detainee who is covered by a Certification is not required to work but she/ he may be made to clean his/
her cell and perform such other work as may be necessary for hygiene Or sanitary reasons. He/ she shall be
credited with the Service of his/ her sentence with four- fifths (4/5) of the time during he/ she was detained

u.The Warden Submits the detainee's Manifestation Certification as the case may be, to the proper court
before the date set for the arraignment of the inmate and the same Shall form part of the records of the case
The same procedure shall be followed with respect to all accused persons who have been convicted but
whose cases are pending appeal before a higher court. The Detainee Manifestation or Certification as the
case may be, shall form part of the records of the case

v. Full credit for the preventive imprisonment shall commence from the date of the Detainees
Manifestation.

B. PUNISHABLE ACTS
An inmate is strictly prohibited from committing any of the following acts:
a. Minor Offenses
1. Selling or bartering with fellow offender items not classified as contraband.
2 Rendering personal service to fellow offender.
3. Untidy or dirty in his personal appearance.
4. Littering or failing to maintain cleanliness and orderliness in his quarters and/or surroundings.
5. Making frivolous or groundless complaints.
6. Taking the cudgel for or reporting complaints on behalf of other offenders.
7. Late in formation or duty without justifiable reasons.
8. Wilful waste of food.
b. Less Grave Offenses
1. Failure to report for work detail without sufficient justification.
2. Failure to render assistance to an injured personnel inmate
3. Failure to assist in putting out fires inside the jail.
4. Acting boisterously during religious, social and other group functions.
5. Swearing, cursing or using profane or defamatory language, directed personally towards other persons.
6. Malingering or reporting for sick call to escape work assignment.
7. Spreading rumors or maliciously intriguing against the honor of any person, particularly members of the
custom dial force.
8. Failing to stand at attention and give due respect when confronted by or reporting to any officer or
member of the custodial force.
9. Forcing fellow inmates to render personal service to him and/or others.
10. Exchanging uniform or wearing clothes other than those issued to him for the purpose of circumventing
jail rules.
11. Loitering or being in an unauthorized place.
12. Using the telephone without authority from the desk officer/ warden.
13. Writing defacing or drawing on walls, floors or any furniture or equipment.
14. Withholding information which prejudicial to the jail administration.
15. Possession of lewd or pornographic literature and/ or photographs. is inimical and
16. Absence form cell, brigade place of work during headcount, or at any time without justification reason.
17. Failing to turn over any implements/articles issued after the work detail.
18. Committing any act prejudicial to or which is n necessary to good order and discipline
C. Grave Offences
1. Making untruthful statements or lies in official Communication, transaction or investigation.
2. Keeping or concealing keys or locks of places in the jail where it is off-limits to offenders.
3. Giving gifts, selling to, or bartering with jail personnel
4. Keeping in his possession money, jewellery or other contraband which the rules prohibit.
5. Tattooing others or allowing him to be tattooed on any part of the body, or keeping any paraphernalia to
be used in tattooing.
6. Forcibly taking o extracting money from fellow inmates
7. Punishing or inflicting injury or harm upon himself o other inmates.
8. Receiving, keeping, taking or imbibing liquor and other prohibited drugs.
9. Making, improvising or keeping any kind of deadly weapon.
10. Concealing or withholding information on plans of attempted escapes.
11. Unruly conduct and behaviour and flagrant disregard of discipline and instructions.
12. Escaping, attempting, or planning to escape from the institution or from any guard.
13. Helping, aiding or abetting others to escape.
14. Fighting, causing any disturbance or participating therein and/or agitating to cause such disturbance or
riot.
15. Indecent immoral or lascivious acts by himself or others and/or allowing to be the subject of such
indecent immoral or lascivious acts.
16. Wilful disobedience to a lawful order issued by an officer or member of the custodial force.
17. Assaulting any officer or member of the custodial force.
18. Damaging any government property or equipment issued to the inmates.
19. Participating in any kangaroo court, an unauthorized or irregular court conducted with disregard for or
perversion of legal procedures as a mock court by offender in a jai/ prison.
20. Affiliating oneself to any gang or faction whose main purpose 1s to foment regionalism or to segregate
them from others.
21. Failing to inform the authorities concerned when afflicted with communicable disease, like VD, etc.
22. Engage in gambling or nay game of chance.
23. Committing any act which is in violation of any law or ordinance, in which case, he shall separately be
prosecuted criminally in accordance with law.

C. SPECIAL NEED OR UNUSUAL OFFENDERS


As a general rule, special/unusual offenders should not be held in jails with other offenders. Female
offenders should be confined in separate institutions from men. However, until adequately detention homes
shall have been provided, the jail will continue to serve as their temporary homes.
The following are the offenders with special need/unusual offenders
a. FEMALE
b. DRUG ADDICTS
C. ALCOHOLICS
d. MENTALLY-ILL
e. SEX DEVIATES
f. ESCAPE-PRONE PRISONERS/DETAINEES
g SUICIDE-RISK OFFENDERS
h. THE HANDICAPPED, AGED AND INFIRM
i. THE YOUTHFUL OFFENDERS
j. ALIEN OFFENDERS

D. SECURITY AND CONTROL


The overall concept of jail security operations encompasses the prevention and rehabilitation. These two
efforts are inseparable as neither can be accomplished without the other Jail security necessary to safeguard
the lives of people residing within vicinity, those managing the jails, and inmates whose lives are to
rehabilitated to become constructive members of society.

The following guidelines should be strictly observed in jail, security and control.
a. Maintain strict control of firearms. Never permit any firearm inside the jail except in some areas where
firearms are authorized.
b. Maintain 24 hour supervision of the offenders
c. Maintain a system of key control which shall include a accurate listing of all keys and a receipting them.
Never permit the offenders to handle keys or to study them.
d. Secure firearms and Anti-riot equipment in the armor where they shall be within easy reach of the jail
guard and yet afford maximum security access by offenders.
e. Supervise the proper use of tools and other potentiality dangerous articles such as bottles, acids, kitchen
knives, etc., and keep them out of offenders each when not in use.
f. Conduct regular offenders' count at least four (4) times within the 24 hour a day period. Establish
procedures which will ensure beyond doubt, that every offender is physically present or accounted for, at
every count.
g. Conduct frequent surprise searches of offenders and their quarters to detect contraband.
h. Conduct frequent inspections of security facilities to detect tampering or defects. Develop plans dealing
with emergencies like escapes, fires assaults and riots. Make plans known and understood by Jail personnel.
I .Never allow a jail guard to open the offenders' quarrels alone. At least, another guard should be present.
j. Select carefully the offenders to be assigned as orderly or aide and maintain rigid control over their
activities. No offender should be allowed to assume any of the authority which belongs to the jail staff or
shall any offender be allowed to exercise authority, supervision and control over other prisoners

E. . DUTIES OF CUSTODIAL FORCE - Members of the custodial force shall have the following duties and
responsibilities:
a. To supervise and maintain order and discipline of offenders in housing units, those assembled for
religious services,
b. entertainment and athletics, during meals, classes, work details, bath and visits;
c. To censor offenders' mail To inspect security devices;
d. d. To maintain inner and outer perimeter security.
e. To escort offenders to courts, other authorized places of confinement and to hospitals in cases of
emergencies.
f. To insure custody and safety of those confined in jail.
g. To escort visitors within the jail premises.
h. To report any infringement of rules and regulations to proper authorities.
i. To inform the Warden of any Emergency case
j. To keep and maintain records of the offenders and
k. k. To perform such other duties as may be assigned by
l. competent authority

F. DEFINITION OF TERMS
a. Commitment Order - A written order of the court or any other competent authority consigning an
offender to a jail or prison for confinement.
b. Contraband- Any article, item or things prohibited by law and/or forbidden by jail rules.
C. Escape - An act of getting out unlawfully from confinement or custody an offender.
d. Instrument of restraint a device, contrivance, tool instrument used to hold back, keep in, check or control
offender; e.g., handcuffs, leg irons.
e. Jail-A place of confinement for offenders under investigation awaiting or undergoing trial, or serving
sentence.
f. Mittimus - A warrant issued by the court bearing its seals am signature of the judge, directing the jail or
prison authority to receive offenders for custody or service of sentence imposed therein.
g. Penology A branch of criminology which deals with management and administration of offenders.
h. Rehabilitation - A program of activity directed to restore are offender's self-respect thereby making him
a law-abiding citizen after serving his sentence.
i. Safekeeping The temporary custody of a person for his own protection, safety or care; and that of the
community from him,
i. Offender - Either a prisoner o detainee confined in jail.
k. Detainee A person accused before a court or competent authority who is temporarily confined in jail
while undergoing or awaiting investigation, trial, or final judgment.
l. Prisoner - An Offender who is a convicted by final judgment

3. ASSESSMENT

GENERAL INSTRUCTION: Read each question very carefully. Answer legibly, clearly and concisely.
Write your answer on a yellow pad paper. Do not write anything at the back of your answer sheet. You may
use another sheet of paper until completed. Students who are residing in Tabuk should submit it personally
to the CJJE OFFICE on February 25, 2021 (or you may submit it earlier). Should you have any questions
or clarifications, you may message me through my messenger account (Reyna Dumaguing) or call my
number (09455776672).

I. LEARNING CHECK:
A. As a general rule, special/unusual offenders should not be held in jails with other offenders. Female
offenders should be confined in separate institutions from men and so with other unusual offenders.
What is the importance of segregating special/unusual offenders from the other inmates?

B. In your personal observation, what are the following guidelines that are not being strictly
implemented or observed by the custodial force in jail, security and control? Discuss its negative
consequences/impact in jail management.

4. REFERENCES
 Revisa,Villaluz, Panganoron. “Institutional Correction.” Wiseman Books Trading, Inc.,2020
St. Louis College of Bulanao
Purok 6, Bulanao, Tabuk City, Kalinga 3800

This module is a requirement of the St. Louis College of Bulanao in response to the
implementation of the Blended Learning way of Instruction.

This Learning Material is a property of the College of Criminal Justice Education – St.
Louis College of Bulanao, Tabuk City. It aims to improve students’ performance specifically in
the Criminology Education.

Date of Development : January, 2021


Resource Location : Bulanao, Tabuk City
Learning Area : COAD 11 (Institutional Corrections)
Learning Resource Type : Module3

General Instruction/s:
The module covers the reception procedure and punishable acts of offenders, and the security
control. Students will also learn the importance of inmate’s segregation. Series of activities will
encourage you to explore and learn about the topic. Through this module, the following
instruction/s should be followed.

1. This module is exclusively for SLCB students only.


2. Reproduction and use of this module for any purpose is strictly prohibited, unless with the
written permission from SLCB.
3. You may use this module for any acceptable purposes.

St. Louis College of Bulanao


Purok 6, Bulanao, Tabuk City, Kalinga 3800

TITLE/TOPIC
INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION

LESSON 4
THE SEVEN PENAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE PHILIPPINES AND THE ADMISSION,
CONFINEMENTS AND CLASSIFICATION OF INMATES

I. INTRODUCTION
The students will learn and understand the different types of penal institutions in the
Philippines. The students will also learn the following; the admission system of the bureau, the
confinement system, classification of offenders, the primary purpose on checking of the items which are
considered as contrabands inside the penal colony and the three general classes of offenders inside the
prison

II. LEARNING OUTCOMES


At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

 Differentiate bureau of corrections from bureau of jail.


 Identify the seven penal institution in the Philippines
 Understand the admission system adopted by the bureau.
 Identify the classification system of the offenders
 Infer logic and the purpose of confiscation of items considered as contrabands

III. COURSE CONTENT

A. THE SEVEN PENALINSTITUTIONS OF THE PHILIPPINES HISTORY OF


EARLY PRISONS
The organizational set-up of the National Bureau of Prisons and the basic laws on the Philippine
Prisons system is found in the Revised Administrative Code known as the Prison Law. This law
is specifically referred in sections 1705 to 1751 of the said code

The Prison law states that the head of the Bureau of Prisons is the Director of Prisons who
is appointed by the Chief Executive of the Philippines with confirmation of the Commission on
Appointments

The Bureau of Prisons has a general supervision and control of National and Provincial prisons,
and all penal institutions and is in charged with the safe keeping of all prisoners confined
therein or committed to custody of the said bureau (Tradio, 1996).

Bureau of Corrections (BuCor under the Department of Justice (DOJ)


The national prisons, which house more serious offenders, already convicted with a
sentence of more than three years is maintained by the Bureau of Corrections, an agency
under the Department of Justice (DOJ). The bureau is responsible for the safekeeping of
prisoners and their rehabilitation through general and moral education and technical
training in industry and agriculture. The bureau also oversees the operation of prison
agro-industries and the production of food commodities.

The Bureau of Corrections maintains seven correctional institutions and penal farms. The
nation's largest prison is the New Bilibid Prison (NBP) at Muntinlupa that also operates the
Manila City Jail. The penitentiary serves as the central facility for those sentenced to life
imprisonment or long-term incarceration. It is divided into three camps to separate those
serving maximum, medium and minimum penalties. The Correctional Institution for
Women is located in Metropolitan Manila. Combination prison and penal farms also are also
located in Zamboanga City, Palawan, Mindoro Occidental, and in several Mindanao provinces.

The seven (7) operating units of the Bureau of Corrections located


nationwide
1. The New Bilibid Prison in Muntinlupa City;
2. The Correctional Institution for Women (CIW) in Mandaluyong City;
3. Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm in Puerto Princesa City, Palawan,
4. Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm in Occidental Mindoro;
5. San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm in Zamboanga City;
6. Leyte Regional Prison in Abuyog, Leyte; and
7. Davao Prison and Penal Farm in Panabo, Davao Province.

Detainees awaiting trial and convicts whose sentences are lower than three years are held in
local facilities which are ran by two entities. www. Philippine prison system)

1. Bilibid Prisons - (Muntilupa City) in the year 1847 the first Bilibid Prison was constructed and
became the Central place of Confinement for Filipino prisoners by the virtue of the Royal
Decree of the Spanish Crown. The plan for the Bilibid prisons was such that the brigades were
constructed in radical spokes of wheel form. For Easy command and control, a central tower
was placed at the center of the spokes; this was made of strong adobe so sturdy that even to
this day after its transfer to the City of Manila, it still stands and has been used by the City of
Manila as the City Jail.

The place is still famous for its name as the "May Haligue state" at the nearby Central Market
of Manila. In 1936 the City of manila exchanged its Muntilupa property of 552 hectares with
that of Bureau of Prisons.

This Muntilupa state was originally intended as site for the Boys’ Training School because it is
far from Manila however the City Government of Manila preferred the site of the old Bilibid
Prisons. Today, the New Bilibid Prison operates two satellite units namely:
1. Bukang Liwayway Camp and
2. Camp Sampaguita

These two camps are located a few hundred meters back of the New Bilibid Prisons.
Bukang Liwayway camp houses minimum security risk prisoners who work on various
projects of the institution; while the Camp Sampaguita houses medi ųm security risk
prisoners and located near the Reception and Diagnostic Center (RDC) and the Youth
Rehabilitation Center.

The New Bilibid Prisons specialized in industrial type of vocational training. It operates a
furniture shop, shoe repairing shop, black smith; auto mechanics, mobile and body building, etc.
The New Bilibid Prisons offers a High school course and College course major in management,
Their high school course started in 1956 for prisoners who desire to complete their secondary
education.

2. San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm- (Zamboanga City))


The Spanish authorities in 1869 saw the need of establishing one prison separate from Bilibid
Prison for those who fought against the established government. In effect San Ramon and
Prison Farm in Zamboanga, were established for the confinement of political offenders. Filipino
fighters who advocated for reform against the Spanish government and those who were not
executed or put to death were sent to either Guam or Marianas Island, or to Zamboanga. This
prison institution was named after its founder Captain Ramon Blanco of the Spanish Royal
Army. One of the known Filipino political prisoners is no other than Dr. Jose Rizal, who fought
for reforms and was considered as an enemy of the Spanish government. The San Ramon Penal
Farm has an estimated area of 1,546 hectares.
3. Iwahig Penal Colony - (Palawan)
The establishment of the Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm was to serve as an institution for
incorrigibles and was envisioned by Governor Forbes who was then a Secretary of Commerce
and Police. The first contingent of prisoners was from the Bilibid Prisons to be confined in
lwahig Penal Colony, however, these prisoners revolted against the authorities. On November
1, 1905 the Philippine Commission under the authority of Reorganization Act 1407, changed
the policy by converting the penal colony from an institution for incorrigibles to a colony for
well-behaved and declared tractable prisoners. Since were no walls, only mutual trust and
confidence between the wards and prisons authorities keep them together.

Today the Iwahig Penal Colony enjoys the reputations as one of the world open penal
institutions. The Iwahig Penal Colony has a land area of 36,000 hectares. The colony is divided
into four sub-colonies namely:
a. Sta- Luisa
b. Inagawan
C. Montible and
d. Central sub- colony
The colony operates a small institution under the supervision and control of the penal
supervisor. The Iwahig Penal Colony administrates the Tagumpay Settlement and has 1,000
hectares. This portion which was divided into six hectares homestead lots were distributed to
released inmates who desired to live in the settlement.
One of the important features of the Iwahig Penal Colony is the privilege granted to every
colonist to have this family in the village. The institution maintains various community
resources such as schools, churches, recreation centers; post-exchange centers, hospitals and
clinics. Their products are sold to the Post Exchange Centers.

4. Davao Prison and Penal Farm - (Dujali, Davao Province)


Was established in January 21, 1932 in accordance with Act 3732 and Proclamation Number
414 series of 1931. The first Contingent of prisoners that opened the colony was led by
General Paulino Santos, founder and then the Director of Prisons. The area consists of
18,000 hectares, mostly devoted to abaca. In 1942 the colony was used as a concentration
camp for American prisoners of war. During the war the Japanese soldiers devastated the
colony by destroying its buildings, machineries and industry. In August 1946, the colony was re-
established and restored its former productive activity by slow reconstruction. This institution
is now the main source of income by the Bureau of Prisons from its vast products of abaca,
rice and other major agricultural products. The colony has been engaged in a joint venture
with the Tagum Development Company (TADECO) and has a land arca of 3,000 hectare banan
plantations.

5. Correctional Institution for Women (Mandaluyong City)


In 1931 the Correctional Institution for Women was established. It has an 18 hectare piece of
land in Mandaluyong Metro Manila by authority of Act Number 3579. This was passed on
November 27, 1929. Prior to the establishment of these institution female inmates were confined
first in the Bilibid prisons. Later the need for female superintendent was felt that the position for
female superintendent was created in 1934. Today, the correctional institution for women is
an institution under the Bureau of Prisons with separate budget and needs for female
prisoners. This is the only female prison institution in the Philippines.

In September 2007, the sub-colony of the Davao Prison and Penal Farm was converted as
the satellites prison intended for the female convicted inmates outside Manila. There were 98
convicted female inmates who arrived as the first contingent. The Davao Correctional
Institution for women (CIW Mindanao) was opened through the help of some Civic
organizations of Davao del Norte. It is the first Female prison institution in Visayas and
Mindanao.

6. Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm (Occidental Mindoro) In 1954 there was a tremendous
increases in the population in the New Bilibid Prisons. In this situation, the President issued
proclamation number 72, dated September 27, 1954, settling aside 16,000 hectares of the virgin
island in Sablayan, Occidental Mindoro for the establishment of the Sablayan Penal Farm. At
that time the Bilibid Prison can only house 3,000 inmates but their population reached to 6,000
inmates.
7. Leyte Regional Prison and Penal Farm (Abuyog Leyte)
On January 16, 1973, the Leyte Regional Prison was established in Abuyog to serve the
convicted offenders for more than three years.

B. ADMISSION, CONFINEMENTS AND CLASSIFICATIONS OF


INMATES
Admission, Confinements and Classification of inmates, is not just an administrative apparatus
of control, but to harmonize the inherent disparity of class to clash by nature of its
congenital character or by its societal structure. In simple term, it is the segregation by
distinction and not by discrimination.

What this mechanism seeks to avoid is the absurdity of inmates of being morally subjugated by
its own peers by reasons of age, notoriety, disability and other factors beyond his personal
competence to resist. There can never be a meaningful rehabilitation, if the wards are being
terrorized by the biting signs of coercion and oppressions. Prison statistics has shown names of
inmates who entered as a cub but ended as a tiger.

WHO IS THE PRISONER


The term prisoner is commonly used in law to designate a person in legal custody charged with
crime or public offense. In broad sense, any person unlawfully restrained of his liberty or
unlawfully detained from his proper custody; any person who is being held in a confinement
against his will; a captive detained in a place of confinement is a prisoner.

In a narrower and more technical sense, a person deprived of his liberty by a virtue of a judicial
or other lawful process; a person committed to prison, one that is confined in prison on an action
or upon commandment (People vs. Liong, 47 OG 1323).

ADMISSION AND CONFINEMENT OF INMATES


There shall be a Reception and Diagnostic Center (RDC) in every Prison which shall receive,
study, and classify inmates and detainees committed to the bureau. Upon admission in the
Reception and Diagnostic Center an inmate shall be placed in the quarantine for at least five (5)
days during which shall be;
a. Given a physical examination to determine any physical illness or handicap, or mental
ailment, and to segregate those suspected of having an infectious or contagious disease. If
found sick the inmates shall immediately be confined in a hospital;
b. orientation of prison rules and regulations; and
c. interview by a counsellor, social worker, and or other program staff officers; the
interview shall be conducted in private

After the quarantine period, the inmate shall remain in the Reception and Diagnostic Center
for a period of fifty five (55) days where he shall undergo psychiatric, psychological,
sociological, vocational, educational, religious and other examinations. The results of said
examinations shall be a basis for the inmate's individualize treatment program; thereafter, he
shall be assigned to a prison facility as maybe recommended by the Chief of the Reception and
Diagnostic Center.

The Reception and Diagnostic Center shall keep a complete record of an inmate, which shall
include the inmate's personal circumstances, brief personal social and occupational
history, the results of the intake interview and initial security classification.
Admission - an inmate shall be admitted in the Reception and Diagnostic Center of a prison upon
presentation of the following documents:
a. Mittimus/Commitment order from the court; the mittimus/ commitment order shall be
under the signature of the judge and shall bear the seal of the court attested by clerk of
court,
b. Information and court decision of his case;
c. Certification of detention if any, and
d. Certification that the case of the inmate is not on appeal; a female inmate shall be
received only in CIW.
Registration - a prison shall keep a bound registration book wherein all commitments shall be recorded
chronologically. The register shall contain the following entries:
a. name of the inmate;
b. reason for commitment and the authority therefore;
C. Sentence,
d. date and hour of admission; and
e. date and hour of discharge, and or transfer and basis therefore.

In the admission process, after registration, the inmate shall be taken a mug shot, front
and side by side view, fingerprinted and assigned a permanent prison number . The
inmate shall be given a prescribed haircut, the beards and mustache shall be shaved-
off (sec. 4 chapter 2 of Part II of Correctional Operating Manual).

The admission of an inmate shall be made in an area that is physically separated from the
general prison population.

Body search of every inmate's personal effects is required . Upon admission the inmate shall
be searched thoroughly. He shall be allowed to retain in his possession only authorized
articles. A list of articles taken from the possession of the inmate shall be entered in the
inmate's record and receipt shall be provided to the guard in charge thereof. All articles taken
from the inmate shall be returned to them upon discharge unless previously disposed at the
inmate's request or ordered condemned by the prison superintendent after lapse of two (2)
years.

Confiscation of Contraband Items


If the inmates bring in any drugs or medicine, the medical officer on duty shall decide on its
disposition. Narcotics and all other prohibited drugs or substances; the possession and or use of
which are punishable under our laws; all types of weapons, substances or chemical that may
cause injury to a person, and item or article in which an inmate is not allowed to possess under
prison rule shall be considered as contraband items and subject for confiscation.

Issuance of Uniform etc.


The newly admitted inmate shall be given an issue of two (2) regulations uniforms/suits,
and

two (2) t- shirts; whenever practicable, they shall also be issued the following items:
a. One blanket;
b. One mat;
C. One mosquito net,
d. One set mess kit; and
e. One pair of slipper.

The inmate shall be held responsible and accountable for the items issued to them
(sec. Chapter 2 of part 2 of the Correctional Operating Manual).

Personal Effect of Inmates


In addition to articles supplied by prison, the inmate may bring clothes and other items essential
to his wellbeing; provided the quantity, nature, and dimension thereof do not interfere with the
safety and living conditions of the other inmates. The prison superintendent may allow the
inmate to bring in electrical equipment like; television set, radio, cassette, video players; electric
fan, and similar items provided the same; is for common use with other inmates. In no case the
inmates are allowed to bring in luxurious items such as air conditioners, carpets, sofa beds,
sleeping mattress, washing machine, and the like.

Wearing of Jewellery
An inmate may not wear jewelry items, they may however, be allow to wear an inexpensive
watch.
C. CLASSIFICATION OF INMATES
In every prison institution shall have a classification board which shall classify inmates in
accordance with the Correctional Operating Manual. The board shall be composed of the
following:
Chairman------------------Superintendent
Vice-chairman------------Chief Reception and Diagnostic Center
Members-------------------Medical officer, Chief Education Section Chief Agro- Industries
Section
Secretary--------------------Chief Overseer

Note: The inmates shall be classified as to security status and as to


entitlement to prison privilege.
GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS
1. Sentenced Prisoners- the word "sentence" has assumed a special meaning in our statues to
specially refer to judgment rendered by the court in a criminal case. A judgment or
sentence is final and executory if no appeal lies therefore
2. Detention prisoner - a prisoner is detained when he is placed in confinement or when
there is restraint on this person.

THE THREE GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS OF JAIL INMATES


1. Sentence Prisoners persons who are convicted by final judgment of the crime
charged against them.
2. Detention Prisoners persons who are detained for the violation of law and ordinances
and have not yet been convicted.
3. Person held for investigation or safe keeping

CLASSIFICATION AS TO SENTENCE
1. Municipal Jail Prisoner- One who is sentenced to serve imprisonment from one day to six
months.
2. City Jail Prisoner- imprisonment from one day to three years. One who is sentenced to
serve
3. Provincial Jail Prisoner- One who shall serve the sentence of imprisonment from six
months and one day to three years.
4. National or Insular Prisoner- One who is sentenced to a prison term from three years and
one day to death sentence.

CLASSIFICATION OF INMATESAS TO SECURITY STATUS


The inmates shall be assigned of the following security groups
1. Maximum security- This shall include highly dangerous or super security risk inmates as
determined by the classification board who are required a high degree of control and
supervision. Under this category:
a. those sentenced to death
b. those whose minimum sentence 1S twenty years imprisonment;
c. remand inmates or detainee whose sentence is twenty years and above, and
those whose sentences are under review by the Supreme Court or the Court of
Appeals;
d. those with pending cases recidivists, habitual delinquents, and escapees;
e. those confined at the Reception and Diagnostic Center;
f. those under disciplinary punishment or safe keeping; and
g. those who are criminally insane or those with severe personality or
emotional disorders; that make them dangerous to fellow inmates or the prison
staff.
2. Medium Security risk-This shall include those who cannot be trusted in less secured areas
and those whose conduct or behavior require minimum supervision; under this category:
a. those whose minimum sentence is less than twenty years imprisonment;
b. remand inmates or detainee whose sentence are below twenty years
c. Those who are eighteen years of age and below; regardless of case and sentence
d. those who have two or more record of escapes they can be classified as
medium security if they have served eight years since they were recommitted
and those with one record of escape must serve five years, and
e. First time offenders sentenced to life imprisonment, they may be
classified as medium security if they have served five years in maximum
security prison or less, upon the recommendation of the superintendent.
Those who were detained in a city and or provincial jail shall not be
entitled to said classification.
3. Minimum security- This shall include those who can be reasonably trusted to
serve their sentence under less restricted conditions; under this category:
a. those with a severe physical handicap as certified by the chief medical
officer of the prison;
b. those who are sixty five years old and above, without pending case, and
whose convictions are not on appeal;
c. those who have served one- half (1/2) of their minimum sentence or
one third (1/3) of their maximum sentence, excluding Good
Conduct Time Allowance (GCTA) as provided in chapter 4, part 3 of the
Correctional Operating Manual; and
d. Those who have only six (6) months more to serve before the
expiration of their maximum sentence.

COLOR OF UNIFORM AS TO SECURITY CLASSIFICATION


The colour of uniform of an inmate shall be based on his security classification as to:
a. Maximum security-Tangerine
b. Medium security- Blue
c. Minimum security – Brown
d. Detainee - grey
(Correctional Operating Manual, 1998).

IV. REFERENCES
 Revisa,Villaluz, Panganoron. “Institutional Correction.” Wiseman Books Trading,
Inc.,2020

REYNA DUMAGUING- SIBATON


REYNA DUMAGUING- SIBATON

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