Problem 1

Rotary compressor receives 6 𝑚3 /𝑚𝑖𝑛 of air at 105 kPa, 27°C and

delivers it 630 kPa. Find the work if compression is
a) Isentropic
b) Polytropic (n = 1.67)
c) Isothermal
d) If considering the velocity initial and final of 3 m/s and 5 m/s,
recompute (a) and (b)
Solution
Given: For 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉 = 𝐶,
′ 𝑚3
• 𝑉1 = 6 𝑊𝑐 = 𝑃1 𝑉1 ′ ln
𝑃1
𝑚𝑖𝑛
• 𝑃1 = 105 𝑘𝑃𝑎 𝑃2 = 630 𝑘𝑃𝑎 𝑃2
𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 105
• 𝑇1 = 27℃ = (105 2 )(0.1 )𝑙𝑛
𝑚 𝑠 630
Req: 𝑾𝒄 = −𝟏𝟖. 𝟖𝟏𝟑𝟓 𝒌𝑾
• 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉 𝑘 = 𝐶, 𝑃𝑉 1.67 = 𝐶, 𝑃𝑉 = 𝐶
𝑚 𝑚 𝑚 𝑚
• 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉 𝑘 = 𝐶, 𝑃𝑉 1.67 if 𝜈1 = 3 , 𝜈2 = 5 For 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉 𝑘 = 𝐶; if 𝜈1 = 3 , 𝜈2 = 5
𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 𝑠

Solution: 𝑊𝑐 =
𝑘
𝑃1 𝑉1 ′ [
𝑃2 𝑘−1
) 𝑘
1
− 1 − 𝑚(𝜈2 2 − 𝜈2 2 )
1−𝑘 𝑃1 2
For 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉 𝑘 = 𝐶, 3
𝑘 𝑃 𝑘−1 1
𝑘𝑁
𝑚2
105 0.1 𝑚𝑠 𝑚2
𝑊𝑐 = 𝑃1 𝑉1 ′ [( 2 ) 𝑘 − 1] = −24.5676 − (52 − 32 )
1−𝑘 𝑃1 2 0.28708 𝑘𝑁−𝑚 27+273 𝐾 𝑠2
𝑘𝑔−𝐾
1.4 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 630 1.4−1
= (105 2 )(0.1 )[( ) 1.4 − 1] 𝑾𝒄 = −𝟐𝟓. 𝟓𝟒𝟐𝟗 𝐤𝐖
1−1.4 𝑚 𝑠 105
𝑾𝒄 = −𝟐𝟒. 𝟓𝟔𝟕𝟔 𝒌𝑾 For 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉 1.67 = 𝐶,
For 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉1.67 = 𝐶, 𝑛 𝑃 𝑛−1 1
𝑛 𝑃2 𝑛−1 𝑊𝑐 = 𝑃1 𝑉1 ′ [( 2) 𝑛 − 1] − 𝑚(𝜈2 2 − 𝜈2 2 )
𝑊𝑐 = 𝑃1 𝑉1 ′ [( ) − 1]
𝑛
1−𝑛 𝑃1 2
1−𝑛 𝑃1 3
1.67 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 630 1.67−1 1
𝑘𝑁
105
𝑚2
0.1 𝑚𝑠 𝑚2
= (105 2 )(0.1 )[( ) 1.67 − 1] = −27.5344 − (52 − 32 )
1−1.67 𝑚 𝑠 105 2 0.28708 𝑘𝑁−𝑚 27+273 𝐾 𝑠2
𝑘𝑔−𝐾
𝑾𝒄 = −𝟐𝟕. 𝟓𝟑𝟒𝟒 𝒌𝑾
𝑾𝒄 = −𝟐𝟖. 𝟓𝟎𝟗𝟕 𝒌𝑾
Problem 2
A twin cylinder, double acting compressor with clearance of 5% handles
20 𝑚3 /𝑚𝑖𝑛 of nitrogen from 100 kPa, 37°C to 725 kPa. Compression
and expansion are polytropic (n = 1.3), find
a) Work
b) Heat rejected c
c) Bore and stroke for 150 rpm and L/D = 1.30.
Solution
Given: Nitrogen For 𝑄𝑅 ,
𝑚3
• 𝑉1 ′ = 20 𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑐 = 5% 𝑄𝑅 = 𝑚1 𝐶𝑛 Δ𝑇
• 𝑃1 = 100 𝑘𝑃𝑎 𝑃2 =
725 𝑘𝑃𝑎 For 𝑚1
• 𝑇1 = 37℃ 𝑃𝑉 1.3 = 𝐶 𝑃1 𝑉1
𝑚1 =
Req: 𝑅𝑇1
• 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉 1.3 = 𝐶, 𝑄𝑅 , 𝐷𝑥𝐿 But,
Solution: 𝑉1 = 𝑉𝐷 (1 + 𝑐)
For 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉 1.3 = 𝐶,
𝑛−1
𝑛 ′ 𝑃2 𝑛
𝑊𝑐 = 𝑃 𝑉 [( ) − 1]
1−𝑛 1 1 𝑃1 Also,
1.3−1
1.3 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 725
= 1−1.3 (100 𝑚2
)(0.333333 𝑠 )[(100) 1.3 − 1] 𝑉1 ′ 𝑉1 ′
𝑛𝑣 = ; 𝑉𝐷 =
𝑉𝐷 𝑛𝑣
𝑾𝒄 = −𝟖𝟑. 𝟕𝟏𝟓𝟗𝒌𝑾
Solution

Solving for 𝑛𝑣 ,
Thus,
𝑃2 1
𝑛𝑣 = 1 + 𝑐 − 𝑐(𝑃 )𝑛 𝑚3 𝑚3
1 𝑉1 = 24.3752 1 + 0.05 = 25.594
725 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑖𝑛
= 1 + 0.05 − 0.05(100) 1.3
Hence,
𝑛𝑣 = 0.820508 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3
100 2(25.594 𝑚𝑖𝑛) 𝑘𝑔
𝑚
So, 𝑚1 = 𝑘𝑁−𝑚 = 27.8115
0.29686 𝑘𝑔−𝐾 37+273 𝐾 𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑚3
20𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑚3
𝑉𝐷 = 0.820508
= 24.3752 𝑚𝑖𝑛
Solution
Solution: 𝐿
For D x L; 150 rpm, = 1.3
𝐷
For 𝐶𝑛 , 𝜋 2
𝑘−𝑛 1.399 − 1.3 𝑉𝐷 = 𝐷 𝐿𝑁𝑛
𝐶𝑛 = 𝐶𝑣 = 0.7442 4
1−𝑛 1 − 1.3
𝑚3 𝜋 3
𝑟𝑒𝑣
𝐶𝑛 = −0.245586
𝑘𝐽 24.3752 = 1.3𝐷 𝑥150 𝑥2𝑥2
𝑘𝑔 − 𝐾 𝑚𝑖𝑛 4 𝑚𝑖𝑛
For 𝑇2 ,
𝑃2 𝑛−1 725 1.3−1 D = 0.341393 m
𝑇2 = 𝑇1 ( ) 𝑛 = 310 𝐾( ) 1.3 = 489.7𝐾
𝑃1 100
Therefore, L = 1.3(0.341393 m)=0.443811 m
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝐽
𝑄𝑅 = 0.463525 𝑠
(−0.245586 𝑘𝑔−𝐾
)(489.7-310)K Therefore,
𝑸𝑹 = −𝟐𝟎. 𝟒𝟓𝟔𝟐 𝒌𝑾 DxL= 341.4 mm x 443.8 mm
Problem 3
A single acting compressor operates at 150 rpm with initial condition of
air at 97.9 kPa and 27°C and discharges the air at 379 kPa to a cylindrical
tank. The bore and stroke are 355 mm and 381 mm respectively with a
percentage clearance of 5%. If the surrounding air at 100 kPa and 20°C
while the compression and expansion are polytropic (n =1.3). Determine
a) Free air capacity
b) Power of compressor
Note: free air is air at normal atmospheric conditioning a particular
geographical location.
Solution
Given: Solution:
• 𝑁 = 150 𝑅𝑃𝑀 𝑐 = 5% For 𝑉0 ,
• 𝑃1 = 97.9 𝑘𝑃𝑎 𝑃2 = 379 𝑘𝑃𝑎 𝑃0 𝑉0 ′ 𝑃1 𝑉1 ′ 𝑃1 𝑉1 ′ 𝑇0
′
• 𝑇1 = 27℃ 𝑃𝑉 1.3 = 𝐶 = ; 𝑉0 = ( )
𝑇0 𝑇1 𝑇1 𝑃0
• 𝑃0 = 100 𝑘𝑃𝑎 𝑇0 = 20℃ For 𝑉1 ′ ,
• 𝐷𝑥𝐿 = 355 𝑚𝑚 𝑥 381 𝑚𝑚
𝑉1 ′
Req: 𝑛𝑣 = ; 𝑉1 ′ = 𝑛𝑣 𝑉𝐷
𝑉𝐷
• 𝑉0 ′ , 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉 1.3 = 𝐶 Solving for 𝑛𝑣 ,
𝑃2 1
𝑛𝑣 = 1 + 𝑐 − 𝑐( )𝑛
𝑃1
379 1
= 1 + 0.05 − 0.05( )1.3
97.9
𝑛𝑣 = 0.908366
Solution
For 𝑉𝐷 For 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉 1.3 = 𝐶,
𝜋 𝑛 ′ 𝑃2 𝑛
𝑛−1
𝑉𝐷 = 𝐷 2 𝐿𝑁𝑛 𝑊𝑐 = 𝑃 𝑉 [( ) − 1]
4 1 − 𝑛 1 1 𝑃1
𝜋 2 𝑟𝑒𝑣
= 0.355 𝑚 0.381 𝑚 2.5 1
4 𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝒎𝟑 1.3 𝑘𝑁 𝑚3 379 1.3−1
𝑽𝑫 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟗𝟒𝟐𝟕𝟖 = (97.9 2 )(0.085639 )[( ) 1.3 − 1]
𝒔 1−1.3 𝑚 𝑠 97.9
So,
′ 𝑚3 𝑾𝒄 = −𝟏𝟑. 𝟑𝟐𝟎𝟗 𝒌𝑾
𝑉1 = 0.085639
𝑠
Therefore,
𝑚3
97.9 𝑘𝑃𝑎 0.085639 𝑠 20+273 𝐾
𝑉0 ′ =
27+273 𝐾 100 𝑘𝑃𝑎
′ 𝒎𝟑
𝑽𝟎 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟖𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟒
𝒔
Problem 4
There are compressed 1122 lb/hr of oxygen by a 13.92” x 14”, double
acting, motor driven compressor operating at 100 rpm. Considering the
data of the system: 𝑃1 = 14.7 Psi, 𝑇1= 106°F and 𝑃2= 45 Psi.
Compression and expansion is polytropic (n = 1.31). Determine
a) Volumetric efficiency
b) Heat rejected
c) Work
d) Input power by the driving motor if over all adiabatic efficiency is
75%
Solution
Given: Oxygen Solution:
𝑙𝑏 𝑙𝑏
• 𝑚1 ′ = 1122 = 0.311667 For 𝑛𝑣 ,
ℎ𝑟 𝑠
𝑉1 ′
𝑛𝑣 =
• 𝑃1 = 14.7 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝑃2 = 45 𝑝𝑠𝑖 𝑉𝐷
And 𝑉1 ′ ,
• 𝑇1 = 106℉ 𝑃𝑉 1.31 = 𝐶
• 𝐷𝑥𝐿 = 13.92′′ 𝑥 14′′ 𝑁= 𝑃1 𝑉1 ′ = 𝑚1 ′ 𝑅𝑇1
𝑓𝑡−𝑙𝑏𝑓
100 𝑅𝑃𝑀 𝑚1 ′ 𝑅𝑇1
𝑙𝑏
0.311667 𝑠 (48.291)𝑙𝑏 −𝑅 106+460 𝑅
𝑉1 ′ = = 𝑙𝑏𝑓
𝑚
𝑖𝑛2
Req: 𝑃1 14.7 2(144) 2
𝑖𝑛 𝑓𝑡
• 𝑛𝑣 , 𝑄𝑅 , 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉 1.31 = 𝐶, 𝑊𝐵

′ 𝒇𝒕𝟑
𝑽𝟏 = 𝟒. 𝟎𝟐𝟒𝟑𝟑
𝒔
Solution
For 𝑉𝐷 For 𝑊𝑐 @ 𝑃𝑉 1.3 = 𝐶,
𝜋 2
𝑉𝐷 = 𝐷 𝐿𝑁𝑛
4 𝑛 ′ 𝑃2 𝑛
𝑛−1
𝜋 13.92 2 14 100 𝑟𝑒𝑣 𝑊𝑐 = 𝑃 𝑉 [( ) − 1]
= 𝑓𝑡 𝑓𝑡 2 1 − 𝑛 1 1 𝑃1
4 12 12 60 𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑓𝑡 3
𝑉𝐷 = 4.10990 1.31 𝑙𝑏𝑓 𝑓𝑡 3 𝑖𝑛2 45 1.31−1
𝑠 = (14.7 2 )(4.02433 )(144) 2 [( ) 1.31 − 1]
Therefore, 1 − 1.31 𝑖𝑛 𝑠 𝑓𝑡 14.7
𝑓𝑡 3
4.02433 𝑠
𝑛𝑣 = = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟕𝟗𝟏𝟖 = 𝟗𝟕. 𝟗𝟏𝟖% 𝟏 𝒉𝒑
4.10990
𝑓𝑡 3 𝑾𝒄 = −10911.66 ft-𝒍𝒃𝒇 𝐱 = 𝟏𝟗. 𝟖𝟑𝟗𝟒 𝒉𝒑
𝑠 𝟓𝟓𝟎 ft−𝒍𝒃𝒇
Solution
Solution:
For 𝑊𝐵 ; 𝑛𝑜𝑐 = 75%
𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘
𝑛𝑜𝑐 =
𝑊𝐵

So,
𝑘−1
𝑘 ′ 𝑃2 𝑘
𝑊𝑐 = 𝑃 𝑉 [( ) − 1]
1−𝑘 1 1 𝑃1
1.395 𝑙𝑏𝑓 𝑓𝑡 3 𝑖𝑛2 45 1.395−1
= (14.7 2 )(4.0243 )(144) 2 [( ) 1.395 − 1]
1−1.395 𝑖𝑛 𝑠 𝑓𝑡 14.7
𝟏 𝒉𝒑
𝑊𝑐 = −11213.4 ft−𝒍𝒃𝒇 𝐱 = −𝟐𝟎. 𝟑𝟖𝟖𝟎 𝒉𝒑
𝟓𝟓𝟎 ft−𝒍𝒃𝒇

Therefore,
−20.3880 ℎ𝑝
0.75 = ; 𝑾𝑩 = −𝟐𝟕. 𝟏𝟖𝟒𝟎 𝒉𝒑
𝑊𝐵