11/12

TVL-IA-SMAW
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
STANDARD ALPHABET OF LINES AND
DRAWINGS; PREPARE WELD MATERIALS;
PERFORM TACK WELDING AND
STRICKING AN ARC
TVL-IA-SMAW-Grades 11/12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 2: STANDARD ALPHABET OF LINE AND DRAWING;
PREPARE WELD MATERIALS; PERFORM TACK WELDING AND STRICKING
AN ARC
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

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Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Dexter N. Angay
Editor: Dennis S. Calinao
Reviewers: Dennis S. Calinao, Gemuel C. Ibero, Howel Jay M. Caluyo, Alden B. Deguit,
Clifford O. Ignacio
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Layout Artist: Enrey P. Alam-alam
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Cabrera Nilita R. Ragay, Ed.D.
Antonio B. Baguio Jr., Ed.D.

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 11/12

TVL-IA-SMAW
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
STANDARD ALPHABET OF LINES
AND DRAWINGS; PREPARE WELD
MATERIALS; PERFORM TACK
WELDING AND STRICKING AN
ARC
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the TVL-IA-SMAW (Grades 11/12) Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) Module on STANDARD ALPHABET OF LINES AND DRAWINGS;
PREPARE WELD MATERIALS; PERFORM TACK WELDING AND STRICKING
AN ARC!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the
teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore,
this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the
module.

i
For the learner:

Welcome to TVL-IA-SMAW (Grades 11/12) Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module on STANDARD ALPHABET OF LINES AND DRAWINGS; PREPARE WELD
MATERIALS; PERFORM TACK WELDING AND STRICKING AN ARC!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource
while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

competencies you are expected to learn in
What I Need to Know the module.

This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
What I Know lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.
What’s In

In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways; a story, a
What’s New song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
What is It understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
What’s More skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
What I Have Learned
process what you learned from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
What I Can Do skill into real life situations or concerns.

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 This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
Assessment
competency.
In this portion, another activity will be given
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
Additional Activities the lesson learned.
This contains answers to all activities in the
Answer Key module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind
that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful
learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You
can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written for you to understand alphabet of lines and
drawing symbols, prepare weld materials and performing tack welding.
The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Standard alphabet of lines and drawing symbols

 Lesson 2 – Prepare weld materials, tools, and equipment for welding
and perform tack welding and striking an arc

Performance Standard:

The learner performs the necessary preparations of welding materials following the
standard symbols and occupational health and safety standards

Unit of Competency:
LO 4. Prepare weld materials & Interpret drawing and sketches
Code: MEE721206; MEE721202

Learning Objectives:

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

1. Identify standard alphabet of lines and drawing symbols
2. Perform tack welding after the preparation of weld materials
3. Value the importance of alphabet of lines and drawing symbols in welding.

What I Know

I. Direction: Identify what is referred to in the statement, then write only the letter
of your answer on a separate sheet.
1. Fine lines with arrowheads usually touch the extension lines and show
distance given
by the dimensions.
A. Hidden Lines C. Extension Lines
B. Dimension Lines D. Cutting Plane Lines

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 2. The purpose of this line is to indicate where an imaginary cut is made
through the object.
A. Hidden Lines
B. Dimension Lines C. Extension Lines
D. Cutting Plane Lines
3. Series of fine lines-solid or solid and broken arranged in specific patterns
used to represent various kinds of materials.
A. Chain Line B.
Section Line
C. Break Line D. Phantom
line

4. Fine lines that extend from the object with a slight break between and it is used
to show
dimensioning points.
A. Chain Line C. Section Line
B. Object Line D. Extension Line

5. Used to show the visible shape of the object.

A. Chain Line B. Section Line C. Object Line D. Extension Line

II. Direction: Matching Type: Match column A with column B. Write the letter of
your answer.
A B

1. It is always drawn parallel to the bottom edge of the A. Location of elements

drawing, or to the base line of a particular vie. B. Basic weld
symbol
2. It is only part of the entire AWS welding symbol. C. Arrow
3. The elements of a welding symbol have standard D. Weld all around
locations with respect to each other. E. Tail
4. It indicates the position of the weld F. Backing symbol
5. It is added to the symbol only when special notes are required. G. Reference line

Lesson STANDARF APLPHABET OF

1 LINES AND DRAWING
SYMBOLS
Lines are the bases of all drawing. They are used even from simple drawings to
the difficult ones. There are conventional lines used in drawing. These lines are called
alphabet of line and each line serves a particular purpose. These lines may either be
drawn freehand or they may be drawn mechanically.

2
 What’s In

Are you familiar with the tools, materials, and equipment? If yes, are you ready to
know the alphabet of lines? Let’s do this!

What’s New

Are you familiar of the Weld Symbol below? This is a Square Butt Weld Symbol. Now,
let’s dig deeper in this lesson.

What Is It
There are several different types of lines used on a print and each has different
meaning. To be able to interpret a print, the reader should have knowledge of these
lines. These lines are called alphabet of lines.
1. Object Line. Thick solid line used to show the visible shape of the object.

2. Hidden Line. Broken line of medium thickness and used to show the edges and
outlines not visible to the eye.

3. Center Line. Fine, broken line made up of a series of short and long dashes
alternately spaced. To show the center of circles, arcs, and symmetrical objects
and to aid in dimensioning the parts of the object.

4. Extension Line. Fine lines that extend from the object with a slight break
between and it is used to show dimensioning points.

5. Dimension Line. Lines used to indicate the measurement of objects. It consists

of three parts: arrowheads, fine line, and number or measurement. The fine lines
have the same thickness or weight as the projection line. The arrowheads are
short heavy strokes (called flares) placed at the extremities of this fine line. The
shape of an arrowhead is like the point of an ordinary pen. The number or figure
is usually positioned at the middle of the fine line and its axis is perpendicular to
it.

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 6. Leader Line. Fine, straight line with an arrowhead or round solid dot at one end
and usually drawn at an angle. Points directly to a surface for the purpose of
dimensioning or adding a note. A dot may be used at the end of the straight line
where reference is made to a surface area.

7. Section Lines. Series of fine lines-solid or solid and broken-arranged in specific

patterns. They may be shown either straight or curved. When shown straight,
they are usually drawn at a 450 angle. It is used to indicate the imaginary cut
surface referred to by the cutting plane line. To represent various kinds of
materials.

8. Chain Line. Heavy, broken line made up of a series of long and short dashes
alternately spaced. It is used to indicate the location and extent of a surface.

9. Short Break Line. Heavy, irregular line drawn freehand used to show a short
break to conserve space on a drawing.

10. Long Break Line. Ruled, light line with freehand zigzags used to show a
long break to conserve space on a drawing.

11. Phantom Line. Light, broken line made up of a series of long and two short
dashes used to show alternate positions of a part; to show relationship of
existing part to new part; and to show machined surfaces.

12. Cutting Plane Line. A thick broken line made up of a series of one long and two
short dashes alternately spaced. The arrowheads are placed at right angles to
the cutting plane line. The purpose of this line is to indicate where an imaginary
cut is made through the object. The arrow points in the direction in which the
section should be viewed. Letters next to the arrowheads identify the section in
cases where more than one section is shown on the drawing. These lines are
oriented vertically, horizontally, or at the actual angle at which the part is
drawn.

WELDING SYMBOLS

Location of Elements: The elements of a welding symbol have standard locations with
respect to each other.
Location Significance of Arrow: The arrow element in a welding symbol in conjunction
with the reference line determines the arrow side and other side of a weld.

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 The symbol depicting an arrow side weld is always placed below the reference
line. The arrow side is always closest to the reader when viewed from the bottom of the
drawing. The weld symbol depicting other side weld is placed above the reference line,
away from the reader. Welds on both sides of a joint are shown by placing weld symbols
on both sides of the reference line.
Some weld symbols have no arrow or other side significance. However,
supplementary symbols used in conjunction with these weld symbols may have such
significance. For example, welding symbols for resistance spot and seam welding have
no side significance, but GTAW, EBW, or other spot and seam welds may have arrow
and other side.
References: When a specification, process, test, or other references are needed to
clarify a welding symbol, the reference is placed in a tail on the welding symbol. The
letters complete joint penetration (CJP) may be used in the tail of the arrow to indicate
that a complete joint penetration groove weld is required, regardless of the type of weld
or joint preparation. The tail may be omitted when no specification, process, or other
reference is required with a welding symbol.
Dimensions: Dimensions of a weld are shown on the same side of the reference line as
the weld symbol. The size of the weld is shown to the left of the weld symbol, and the
length of the weld is placed on the right. If a length is not given, the weld symbol
applies to that portion of the joint between abrupt changes in the direction of welding
or between specified dimension lines. If a weld symbol is shown on each side of the
reference line, dimensions are required to be given for each weld even though both
welds are identical.
Either US Customary or SI units may be used when specifying dimensions.
However, only one of the two should be used for a product or project.
The term weld symbol and welding symbol have different meanings. A weld
symbol indicates the required type of weld. The welding symbol includes the weld
symbol and supplementary information. A complete welding symbol consists of the
following elements:
Reference line
Arrow
Basic weld symbol
Dimensions and other data
Supplementary symbol
Finish symbol
Tail
Specification, process and other references

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 F – Finish Symbol

A – Groove Angle: included angle of countersink for plug

welds R – Root Opening; depth of filling for plug and slot
welds.
S – Depth of Bevel: size or strength for certain welds

E – Groove Weld Size

L – Length of Weld
P – Pitch of Weld: center-to-center spacing

T – Tail of Weld: specification, process of other reference (omitted when

reference is not used

N – Number of Spot, Stud, or Projection Welds

- Field Weld

- Weld All Around

- Contour Symbol

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MEANING & USE OF SYMBOLS
An arc welding symbol consists of the main four parts
1. A reference line
2. An arrow.
3. A basic welding symbol
4. A tail

The basic symbol indicates the type of weld. (Butt, fillet, etc.)
1. The reference line is a line connected to the arrow. The position of the basic
symbol above or beneath this line determines the location of the weld. The
reference line is always drawn parallel to the bottom edge of the drawing, or
to the base line of a particular view.

2. The arrow indicates the position of the weld; it is drawn at an angle from the
end of the reference line to one side of the joint. This side is called the „arrow
side of the joint‟. The opposite side is called the other side of the joint.

Welds on the „arrow side of the joint‟ are shown by inverting the weld symbol
and placing it beneath the reference line.

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Symbol Indicating Fillet Weld At Arrow Side of Joint

1. Welds on the other side of the joint‟ are shown by placing the symbols above
the reference line.

Symbol indicating fillet welds on the other side of joint.

2. Welds on both sides of the joint are shown by placing the weld symbol above
and below the reference line.

Fillet weld both sides of the joint

3. Basic weld symbols describe the type of weld to be made. This symbol is a
miniature drawing of the metal’s edge preparation prior to welding. The
basic weld symbol is only part of the entire AWS welding symbol.

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4F.orm of Weld Weld Symbol Sectional Representation

5.
Bead

6.
Fillet

Square Butt

7. Single V Butt

Single Bevel Butt

8.
Single U Butt

9.
Single J Butt

10 Double V Butt
.

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 11. Double U Butt

12.
Plug and Slot

13. Stud

Surfacing

4. The tail is added to the symbol only when special notes are required. A number
or letter code used inside the tail direct the welder to special notes located
elsewhere on the drawing. These notes may specify the heat treatment, welding
process used, or other information not given on the welding symbol.

Supplementary Symbols
Supplementary symbols can be placed above or below the basic symbol, or at the
intersection of the reference line and the arrow. Dimensions and reference to
specifications, or welding procedures may also be added.
1. Weld all around is a circle drawn on the welding symbol, indicating
that the described weld is to be made all around the part.

2. Field weld symbol is a symbol added to the basic AWS welding symbol to
indicate that a weld is to be made at the job site (“ in the field”), rather than
in a fabricating shop.
 3. Melt through is a complete joint penetration for a joint welded from
one side and visible root reinforcement is produced.

4. Backing symbol is an open rectangular box used in combination with a

groove weld symbol located on the reference line indicating that locating
materials is required on the opposite side control penetration.

5. Spacer symbol is an open box that intersects the reference line, indicating
that a spacer is placed between joint.

Contour and Finish Symbol

1. Flush contour symbol is located on the same side as the symbol
and indicates the weld should be approximately a flat plane with the
surface.

2. Convex contour symbol is located on the side as the symbol and

indicates that the weld should be raised or convex shape.

3. Concave contour symbol is located on the same side as the symbol

indicates that the weld should be concave shape.

4. If the contour requires finishing, a finishing symbol will be sued in

conjunction with the contour symbol, a letter G indicate grinding, C
indicate shipping, M indicate machining, and U indicate unspecified
which local method should be used.
 What’s More

Enumeration: Write your answers in your Activity Notebook.

1. 5 Alphabets of Lines
2. Main 4 parts Arc Welding Symbol
3. 10 Forms of Weld

What I Have Learned

Direction: Answer the following questions base on the above topic.

Write your answer on your notebook.
1. Why do we need to know the alphabet of lines and drawing
symbols?
2. Discuss the benefits of knowing

What I Can Do

Illustration: Draw the following Weld Symbol. Write your answers in your Activity
Notebook.
1. Bead
2. Fillet
3. Square Butt
4. Single V Butt
5. Single U Butt
6. Singe J Butt
7. Stud
8. Surfacing
9. Plug and Slot
10.Double U Butt
 Assessment

I. Identification: Identify the Name with the given Sectional Representation. Write
your answers on your Activity Notebook.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

II. Identification: Identify the Name with the given Supplementary Symbols. Write
your answers on your Activity Notebook.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
Answer Key
References
Book Reference:
 SMAW NC-II CBLM, PORTFOLIO Kto12 SMAW Learning Module SMAW
Training Regulations by TESDA CBC Shielded Metal Arc Welding NC II CBLM
on SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING

Internet Reference:
 https://www.thefabricator.com/thewelder/article/cuttingweldprep/how-to-
perform-tack-welding-successfully
 https://shipbuildingknowledge.wordpress.com/2018/01/17/tack-welding/
 http://northern-weldarc.com/4-things-need-know-start-welding/
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental Kagawasan, Avenue, Dar

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
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