Design of gantry girder for 175 tons of total dead load

Wheel base b  6m

Maximum span length of gantry girder L  12m

Details of cross section of I-section

D  1400mm B  500mm

tf  33mm tw  30mm
d  D  2tf  1.334m

2angle sections ISA 200x200x18 are attached with top flange

Property of the built-up members found out by SAP-2000

2
A  86772mm
10 4
Ix  2.572 10 mm

9 4
Iy  1.312 10 mm

Section Modulus about x-axis

cross sectional details of ISA 200x200x18
3
Zex  32279676mm
2
Aa  6876mm
Section Modulus about y-axis
ta  18mm
3
Zey  5045311mm 4 4
Iyangle  2629.18  10 mm
Plastic modulus about x-axis
fy  250MPa
3
Zpx  42719807mm 5
E  2  10 MPa Ba  200mm
Plastic modulus about y-axis
γmo  1.1
3
Zpy  7221702mm ν  0.3
E 10
Radius of gyration about x-axis G   7.692  10 Pa
2  ( 1  ν)
rx  544.416mm

Radius of gyration about y-axis

ry  122.953mm
1. Calculation of maximum shear force and bending moment on gantry girder

Maximum shear force V  1687kN

Maximum bending moment M  3817kN m

6
Factored shear force Vf  V  1.687  10 N
3
Factored bending moment Mf  M  3.817  10  kN m

considering drag force along wheel due to break = 5% of wheel load

4
Factored wheel load Pg  0.05 1570kN  7.85  10 N
Assume rail height 0.15m e  ( 0.7  .15)m  0.85 m

e 3
reaction due to drag force Rg  Pg  5.56  10 N
L

Mg  Rg 
L b
Bending moment due to drag force    25.022 kN m
2 4
 3
Total bending moment about x-axis Mx  Mf  Mg  3.842  10  kN m

Lateral (Horizontal) surge load

Lateral load (per wheel) = 10%(hook+crab load) = Ph  0.1 750 kN  75 kN

Maximum factored shear force Vh  Ph  75 kN By ILD diagram

Maximum factored bending moment Mh  Ph ( 2.81m  0.56m)  252.75 kN m By ILD diagram

Total bending moment about y-axis My  Mh  252.75 kN m

2. check for moment capacity

MPa
ε  250 1
check for plastic section fy

As per table 2, IS:800-2007

B  tw
b/t of the flange of the I-beam=  7.121 < 9.4 εclass 1 plastic
2tf

200
b/t of the flange of the angle=  11.111 < 15.7ε class 3 semi compact
18
D  2tf
 44.467 < 84ε Class 1 plastic
d/tw of the web of the I-beam= tw

3. Local moment capacity

βbx  1 for plastic section

fy 3 fy 3
Mdx  βbx Zpx  9.709  10  kN m greater than 1.2 Zex  8.804  10  kN m
γmo γmo

fy 3 fy 3
Mdy  βbx Zpy  1.641  10  kN m greater than 1.2 Zey  1.376  10  kN m
γmo γmo

4. Combined local capacity check

Mx
 0.396
As per clause 9.3.1.1, IS:800-2007 Mdx
 Mx    My   0.55
    which is less than 1 hence ok My
 0.154
 Mdx   Mdy  Mdy
5. Check for buckling resistance
As per clause 8.2.2 IS:800-2007

Since our section is not symmetric hence the elastic lateral buckling moment Mcr can be
determined using the methods given in Annex-E IS:800-2007

From table 42

k  1 c1  1.132 c2  0.459 c3  0.525 kw  1 yg  0

Lt  1.2 L for the falnges restrained from both torsional as well as warpingfrom table 15
IS:800-2007
Calculation fo yj for lipped flanges:
h  1400mm
3
B 4 4
hL  200mm Ift  tf   3.437  10 m
12
hy  1367mm

3
2 B 4 4
Ifc  Iyangle  Aa ( 260mm  57mm)  tf   6.534  10 m
12

Ifc
βf   0.655
Ifc  Ift

2 4 6
Iw  ( 1  βf )  βf  Iy hy  5.538  10 m

 tf
3
tw
3  3
It  2  B  ( D  2  tf )    2  Ba ta   2.476  10 5 m4
 3 3   3 

here βf is greater than 0.5 hence

yj  ( 2  βf  1 )   1 
hL   hy 
     0.243 m
 h  2 

now the lateral torsional buckling is given by Mcr =

 0.5 
 k  2 Iw ( Lt ) 
2

Mcr  c1  π 
2 Iy 2
E      ( c2 yg  c3 yj)  G It  ( c2 yg  c3 yj)
   kw  Iy  
Lt  
2 2
 π  E Iy 

4
Mcr  1.267  10  kN m
As per clause 8.2.2.1 IS:800-2007

βb  1 for plastic section

αLT  0.49 for built-up sections

fy fy
λLTx  βb Zpx  0.918 1.2 Zex  0.874
Mcr Mcr

ϕLT  0.5 1  αLT ( λLTx  0.2)  λLTx

2
  1.097

1
χLT   0.589
 0.5

2
ϕLT  ϕLT  λLTx
2  

fy 8
fbd  χLT  1.338  10 Pa
γmo

3
Mdx1  βb Zpx fbd  5.716  10  kN m

Mdy1   fy   Zey  1.147  103 kN m

 
 γmo 

6. Check for biaxial bending

 Mx    My   0.893
   
 Mdx1   Mdy1 
7. Check for shear capacity
For vertical load
6
Vz  Vf  1.687  10 N
2
Av  d  tw  0.04 m

As per clause 8.4.1 IS:800-2007 shear capacity

fy 6
Vd  Av  5.251  10 N
γmo 3
hence the beam is safe under shear
6
0.6 Vd  3.151  10 N greater than Vz
8. Check for shear buckling resistance
As transverse stiffners are provided at a spacing of 1m.
fy 8
d  ( D  2  tf )  1.334 m c  1m μ  0.3 fyw   2.273  10 Pa
γmo
Resistance to shear buckling as per clause 8.4.2 IS:800-2007
(a) simple post-critical method

c
 0.75 less than 1
d
5.35
Kv  4   13.521
2
c
 
d

d Kv which implies that the beam shall not be

 44.467 less than 67 ε   106.511
tw 5.35 checked for web buckling

but still we can check for the web buckling for the safer side

2 E 9
τcre  Kv π   1.236  10 Pa

 
2
12 1  μ   
2 d

 tw 

fyw
λw   0.326
3  τcre
here λw < 0.8 hence
fyw 8
τb   1.312  10 Pa
3

6
Vcr  Av τb  5.251  10 N

hence it can be noted that the shear force corresponding to web buckling is less than the actual
shear force applied hence the beam is safe from shear.
 9. Check for web buckling

fig: 1. effective width of web buckling

b1  0.6m n1  0.7m
d
web selenderness λ  2.5  111.167
tw

stress reduction factor as per IS:800-2007 can be calculated from table 8

fy 7
χ  0.41 fcd  χ  9.318  10 Pa
γmo

6 which is greater than maximum

buckling resistance Fw  ( b1  n1)  tw fcd  3.634  10 N
reaction 2396 kN hence safe
10. Check for web cripling

fig: effective width of web bearing

 b1  0.6m t  tw  0.03 m n2  tf  2.5  0.083 m

fy 6
Fcr  ( b1  n2)  tw  4.653  10 N greater than maximum rection 2396 kN
γmo hence ok.

11. Check for maximum deflection at working load

Maximum vertical deflection calculated from SAP 2000

Δss  13.4mm

manual calculation for maximum vertical deflection

L  12 m P  1097kN
a1  4.75m d1  L  a1  7.25 m
a2  10.5m d2  L  a2  1.5 m kN
w  6.81
m

Δsm  5  w
L
4
 P d1
3L2  4d12  Pd2 3L2  4d22  0.01 m
384  E Ix 48 E Ix 48 E Ix

From table 6 IS:800-2007 maximum allowable vertical displacement for EOT crane above 50t
capacity
L
Δallowable   0.012 m
1000

eventhough the maximum actual vertical deflection is more than the maximum alloawable verical
deflection in this case but in real the gantry girder is not fully simply supported it might be partially
restrained against rotaion at the ends.

for the fixed end condition maximum central deflection Δsf  0.1mm

for continuous beam maximum central deflection Δspf  7.3mm

above deflections have been calculated from SAP-2000 for various restrain conditions

Check for lateral deflection as per table 6 IS:800-2007

Δlateral  10mm
Maximum lateral deflection for Ph = 75 kN wheel load each
 for simply supported Δsslateral  12.7mm

Δpslateral  8.5mm
for continuous beam

for fixed support condition Δfxlateral  2.6mm