The Effectiveness of Group Activity Therapy:Aerobic Low Impact

(Poco-Poco) to Socialization Ability in Social Isolation Patients

Siti Munawaroh, Dya Sustrami, Ninik Ambar Sari and Nur Muji Astuti
STIKES Hang Tuah Surabaya, Indonesia

Keywords: Aerobic Low Impact (Poco-Poco), Social Isolation Patients, Socialization Ability.

Abstract: Social decline occurs when a person experiences an inability or failure to adjust (maladaptif) to the
environment, causing psychiatric disorders resulting in decreased ability to socialize. One way to improve
socialization skills is by applying socialization therapy. It could be in the form of low impact Aerobic (poco-
poco). The aims of the study is to analyze the effect of low impact Aerobic (poco-poco) therapy on
socialization skills in social isolation patients at Menur Mental Hospital Surabaya. The Design of this study
was one group with pretest and posttest groups. The Independent variable was group activity therapy poco-
poco aerobic gymnastics and the dependent variable was socialization ability. The population in this study
were 14 patients of social isolation. - Samples were recruited by probability sampling with Simple Random
Sampling technique, The study used observation sheet social ability socialization. The Data were analyzed
using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The resu showed group activity therapy:aerobic low impact (poco-
poco)had an effect on social socialization ability. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test Results p = 0.002 means there
is a significant differencei between pre and post test. of group activity therapy:aerobic low impact (poco-
poco) to increase their social ability. The implication of this research is the influence of group activity
therapy:aerobic low impact (poco-poco) has an effect on socialization ability in social isolation patient. Nurses
has could improve their gymnastics activities to improve their social skills.

1 BACKGROUND are thought to grow to 25% by 2030. Data from the

(Basic Health Research) Riskedes 2013 indicates a
Mental disorder is a condition of disruption of mental, substantial amount, 50 million or about 25% of the
emotional, mind, will, psychomotor and verbal population Indonesia experienced mental health
behavior, which is a group of clinical symptoms disorder and East Java Province shows the number of
accompanied by the patient and results in disruption 2.2 million people based on data of the population of
of the individual's humanistic function (Purwaningsih east Java is 38005,413 inhabitants. So it can be
and Karlina 2010). One of the signs of symptoms concluded that 83,613 souls who have mental
experienced by people with mental disorders is the disorders in East Java.
occurrence of social decline. This social decline Preliminary survey data conducted by researchers
occurs when a person experiences an inability or at Menur Mental Hospital Surabaya on 12 January
failure to adapt (maladaptif) to the environment, 2017 in the period of 1 year last 2016 obtained data
causing a psychiatric disorder that resulted in of hospitalized patients in January to March there are
maladaptif behavior towards the environment, social 3 the highest diagnosis of 211 unspecified
decline experienced by someone called social schizophrenia, schizophrenia as many as 91 patients
isolation. and schizophrenia hebefrenik as many as 70 patients.
Based on World Health Organization data WHO The cause of mental disorders can result from
(2009) estimates 450 million people worldwide relationships with others who are treated unfairly,
experience mental disorders. WHO says at least one mistreated, unrequited love, the loss of a loved one,
out of four people have mental health problems loss of work and so on. One sign of the negative
around the world (Yosep 2014). According to the symptoms of mental disorder is to withdraw from
National Institutes of mental health psychiatric social interaction (social isolation). The impact of
disorders account for 13% of the overall disease and developmental disorders and relationships can result

586
Munawaroh, S., Sustrami, D., Sari, N. and Astuti, N.
The Effectiveness of Group Activity Therapy: Aerobic Low Impact (Poco-Poco) to Socialization Ability in Social Isolation Patients.
DOI: 10.5220/0008329105860589
In Proceedings of the 9th International Nursing Conference (INC 2018), pages 586-589
ISBN: 978-989-758-336-0
Copyright c 2018 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
 The Effectiveness of Group Activity Therapy: Aerobic Low Impact (Poco-Poco) to Socialization Ability in Social Isolation Patients

in individuals not believing in themselves, not 2. Exclusion Criteria: patients who do not
trusting in others, hesitating, fearing wrong, experience social isolation, patients with ill
pessimistic, despairing of others, incapable and condition.
feeling depressed, this situation can lead to behavior This research was conducted 31 March – 14 April
not wanting to communicate with others , prefer to 2017 in Flamboyan Room who experienced social
remain silent, avoid others (Kusumawati and Hartono isolation in Menur Mental Hospital Surabaya. Prior to
2010). data collection, ethical clearance was obtained. Poco-
Management of patients with social isolation in poco theraphy was carried out 45 minutes for each
addition to the provision of psychopharmaca drugs session, five times in two weeks. It was instructed by
can also be given the therapy group of socialization
physical education teacher. The instruments of the
in the form of aerobic low impact (poco-poco), while
study on socialization ability in social isolation
the general form of socialization is the ability of
socialization, therefore the ability of socialization is patient at Mental Hospital of Menur Surabaya were
the main requirement of social activities. Within the observation sheet containing 14 items of questions
group there will be interaction dynamics that have been tested for its validity and reliability.
interdependent, need each other and become a place Statistical test used Wilcoxon in pre test and post test
where patients practice new behavior from maladaptif showed significant value p = 0.005 (p <0.05)
toward adaptive behavior(Keliat and Al 2011). socialization by which its significance value was
Socialization capabilities are dynamic social relations considered and interpreted as having difference in
involving relations between individuals, between pre-and post social interaction activity.
groups of people, as well as between individuals with
human groups(Badrujaman 2010). Thus the purpose
of the study was to find the difference of social
interaction capability before and after performing 3 RESULTS
Poco-poco.
Result of statistic test using Wilcoxon Signed Rank
Test was p = 0,002. This shows that p <0,05 indicates
that there is different socialization ability before and
2 METHODS after group activity therapy:aerobic low impact
(poco-poco).
This research used pre experimental design with one-
group pre-post test design to know the effectivenessof
Table 1: Statistical result (wilcoxon test).
group activity therapy: aerobic low impact (poco-
poco) as group therapy in social isolation patient at No Social Pre Test Post Test
Mental Hospital Menur Surabaya. The independent Ability F % F %
variable wasthe effectiveness of poco-poco aerobic 1 Good 0 0 8 64,3
gymnastics therapy. Dependent variable was 1 14,3 4 28,6
socialization ability in social isolation patient at 12 85,7 1 7,1
Mental Hospital of Menur Surabaya. The population 2 Modereate 0 0 8 64,3
1 14,3 4 28,6
in this study were 15 social isolation patients who
12 85,7 1 7,1
experienced impaired socialization ability in 3 Low 0 0 8 64,3
Flamboyan Room at Menur Mental Hospital 1 14,3 4 28,6
Surabaya. Sampling technique used in this research 12 85,7 1 7,1
was probability sampling with simple random Total 13 100 13 100
sampling method. The sample in this population is 14 Wilcoxon signed rank test P = 0,002
patients of social isolation in Menur Mental Hospital
of Surabaya with the following criteria:
1. Inclusion Criteria: patients with impaired social
interactions, social isolation patients who have 4 DISCUSSION
begun interpersonal interactions, socially
responsive social isolates, cooperative social Social isolation is more often experienced by patients
isolation patients, and socially stable social with impaired socialization skills (Hawari 2007).
isolation patients. Research conducted (Nyumirah 2013) said that
patients with impaired socialization ability can be
done with various kinds of therapy, one of therapy

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INC 2018 - The 9th International Nursing Conference: Nurses at The Forefront Transforming Care, Science and Research

available is in motion therapy, motion therapy is a The benefits of group activities in particular are
physical activity therapy that can be done by enhancing self-identity, channeling emotions, and
exercising or gymnastics to train the body a person to improving the skills of interpersonal or social
be physically and mentally healthy, exercise is one relationships. And the last benefit of rehabilitation
form of group therapy to move. Poco-poco was group activities is to improve self-expression skills,
considered as a relevant group activity for mental improve social skills, empathy skills, and improve
disorder patients for a number of reasons. It was a knowledge-solving skills. According to (Trisnawan
simple physical exercise that does not require 2010). On the implementation of this gymnastics
complicated movement. As a consequence it raises there are 3 stages of heating for 10 minutes, core
motivation and enjoyment for its participants. The exercise for 15-20 minutes, cooling exercise for 5
ultimate effect that could be perceived is the fact that minutes.
enjoyment and excitement could lead the participants Group activity therapy:aerobic low impact (poco-
to have more interactions. This could also improve poco) is done as many as 5 times of meetings, in 2
communication ability where instructions were given weeks with the duration of each gymnastics activity
and understood. By the end of the session, the social for 45 minutes. At the beginning before the patient's
capability, in terms of interpersonal relationship gymnast in a group discussion to know the members
could be established among the participants. masing2 in accordance with the observation sheet and
Based on the results of research group activity the extent to which the ability of patients in
therapy:aerobic low impact (poco-poco)is a series of interacting, after doing the gymnastics activities
motion is selected intentionally by following the approximately 30 minutes and when completed the
rhythm of the selected music so that gave birth to the patient's gymnastics activities in the form of group
provisions of ritmis, continuity. Group activity circles for discussion back and at the value of the
therapy:aerobic low impact (poco-poco)can effect the extent to which interaction ability whether there is a
ability to socialize against other fellow patients, this difference or not in the assessment. The first meeting
is in accordance with theories according to(Yakub when the gymnastics therapy, patients feel shy and
2010) aerobic exercise can provide mental health more silent, after being given an explanation by the
benefits that can reduce stress and improve researcher patients began to follow gymnastics
socialization and socialization with other patients, activities, when therapy began many obstacles
because in this gym there is togetherness and because patients do not understand about gymnastics
cohesiveness between members of the group, so that movement but they still can follow even though many
patients can have opportunities for socialization to movements wrong. The second meeting when the
others, in addition to the benefits of this gymnastics patient therapy began to confident to follow this
activity can increase concentration, creativity and therapy, although some are less confident or shy to
increase the amount of oxygen in the blood so that follow gymnastics activities. The third meeting when
accelerate blood flow to the brain, at the time of doing the patient's gymnastics therapy began
gymnastic activities then the activity can increase enthusiastically following the therapy until the end of
hormones - hormones both in the brain such as the activity and the fourth meeting and the five
adrenaline, serotonin, dopamine and endorphin. The patients look happy in following the therapy
potensial of group exercise for promoting activities. The first meeting until the fifth researcher
psychological vigor in older adults (Engels et al. chose the same patient that is the patient who suffer
1998). Two mechanisms have been proposed to from socialization ability disorder, before being given
mediate the effects of exercise on cognition. The first the treatment of the researcher first called the patient
is that exercise has a nutritive influence on neuronal by going directly to the patient's chamber, so that not
function. Exercise has been shown to promote all patients follow this group activity therapy:aerobic
neurotrophic effects, including synaptic plasticity, low impact (poco-poco).
neurogenesis, and vascular function (Farina, Rusted,
and Tabet 2014).
Purwaningsih and Karlina (2010) suggest there 5 CONCLUSIONS
are 3 benefits of group interaction therapy such as:
general benefits, specific benefits and rehabilitation
Interaction Ability in Social Isolation Patients in
benefits. Benefits of group activities in general is to Flamboyan Room after being given group activity
improve the ability through communication and
therapy: aerobic low impact (poco-poco) there is
feedback, socialize and generate motivation
increased socialization ability to members of the
advancement of congnitive and affective functions.
gymnastic group.

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