Nuclear & Particle Physics

1
Assignment -1 : Basic Properties of Nuclei

GATE Previous Year's Questions
1. The mean momentum of a nucleon in a nucleus with mass number A varies as
[GATE 2000]
(a) A (b) A2 (c) A2/3 (d) A1/3
2. The masses of hydrogen atom, neutron and 238 are given by 1.0078, 1.0087 and
92 U
238.0508 a.m.u., respectively. The binding energy of 238 is therefore approximately

92 U
equal to : (Taking i a. m.u. = 931.64 MeV) [GATE 2000 & 03]
(a) 120 MeV (b) 1500 MeV (c) 1600 MeV (d) 1800 MeV
3. The volume ofa nucleus in an atom is proportional to the : [GATE 2004]
(a) mass number (b) proton number (c) neutron number (d) electron number
56
4. As one moves along the line of stability from Fe to 235 U nucleus, the nuclear binding
energy per particle decreases from about 8.8 MeV to 7.6 MeV. This trend is mainly due
to the: [GATE 2004]
(a) short range nature of the nuclear forces
(b) long range nature of the coulomb forces
(c) tensor nature of the nuclear forces
(d) spin dependence oft he nuclear forces
5. The order of margnitude of the binding energy per nucleon in a nucleus is: [GATE 2006]
(a) 105 MeV (b) 103 MeV (c) 1.0MeV (d) 10MeV
6. The experimentally measured spin g-factors of proton and neutron indicate that :
(a) both proton and neutron are elementary point particles [GATE 2006]
(b) both proton and neutron are not elementary point particles
(c) while proton is an elementary point particle, neutron isnot
(d) while neutron is an elementary point particle, proton is not
4 3
7. An 16 is spherical and has a charge radius R and a volume V SR .
8 O nucleus 3
According to empirical observations of the charge radii the volume of the 128 nucleus
54 Xe
assumed to be spherical is : [GATE 2008]
(a) 8V (b) 2V (c) 6.75V (d) 1.89V
15
8. A particle is confined within a spherical region of radius one femtometer 10 m . Its
momentum can be expressed to be about : [GATE 2010]
keV keV MeV MeV

(a) 20 (b) 200 (c) 200 (d) 2
c c c c
An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

IIT-JAM, JEST TIFR & M.Sc. Entrances
Email : quantainstitute@gmail.com, 9694473047, 9136887760
2
9. The mean kinetic energy of a nucleon in a nucleus of atomic weight A varies as An, where
n is ____(upto two decimal places) [GATE 2015]
1.(d) 2.(d) 3.(a) 4.(b) 5.(d) 6.(b) 7.(a)

8.(c) 9.(–0.66 to –0.68)
CSIR-UGC-NET Previous Year's Questions
1. The radius of a 64
29 Cu
nucleus is measured to be 4.8 u 1013 cm . [NET June 2011]
(A) The radius of a 27 nucleus can be estimated to be

12 Mg
(a) 2.86 u 1013 cm (b) 5.2 u1013 cm (c) 3.6 u1013 cm (d) 8.6 u 1013 cm
(B) The root-mean-square (rms) energy of a nucleon in a nucleus of atomic number A in
its ground state varies as :
(a) A4/3 (b) A1/3 (c) A1/3 (d) A2/3
2. The intrinsic electrric dipole moment of a nucleus A [NET Dec. 2013]

Z X
(a) increases with Z, but independent of A (b)decreases with Z but independent of A

(c) is always zero (d) increases with Z and A
1.(A)(c) (B)(c) 2.(c)

TIFR Previous Year's Questions
16
1. A proton is accelerated to a high energy E and shot at a nucleus of Oxygen 8 O . In
order to penetrate the Coulomb barrier and reach the surface of the Oxygen nucleus, E
must beat least : [TIFR 2012]
(a) 3.6 MeV (b) 1.8 MeV (c) 45 keV (d) 180 eV
1.(a)
JEST Previous Year's Questions
1
1. The stable nucleus that has the radius of 189
3 Os nucleus is [JEST 2016]
(a) 7 (b) 16 (c) 4 (d) 14

Li O He N
1.(a)

3
Other Examinations Previous Year's Questions
1. If M e , M p and M H are the rest masses of electron, proton and hydrogen atom in the
ground state (with energy –13.6 eV), respectively, which of the following is exactly true?
(c is the speed of light in free space)
13.6eV
(a) M H M p Me (b) M H M p Me
c2
13.6eV
(c) M H M p Me
c2
13.6eV
(d) M H M p M e K , where K z r or zero
c2
2. A neutron of mass mn 10 27 kg is moving inside a nucleus. Assume the nucleus to be a

cubical box of size 1014 m with impenetrable walls. Take h 1034 Js and 1 MeV
| 1013 J . An estimate of the energy in MeV of the neutron is:
1 1
(a) 80 MeV (b) MeV (c) 8 MeV (d) MeV
8 80
3. The following histogram represents the binding energy per particle (B.E./A) in MeV as a
function of the mass number A of a nucleus.
A nucleus with mass number A = 180 fissions into two nuclei of equal masses. In the
process :
(a) 180 MeV of energy is released (b) 180 MeV of energy is absorbed
(c) 360 MeV of energy is released (d) 360 MeV of energy is absorbed
4. A nucleus has a size of 1015 m . Consider an electron bound within a nuclens. The estimated
energy of this electron is of the order of :
5. Two spherical nuclei have mass numbers 216 and 64 with their radii R1 and R2 respectively..
R1
The ratio R is :
2
(a) 1.0 (b) 1.5 (c) 2.0 (d) 2.5

4
6. According to the uncertainty principle, the kinetic energy of an electron confined to a

spherical region of volume 1033 m3 is of the order of :
(a) 10 10 J (b) 10 12 J (c) 10 14 J (d) 10 16 J

7. The radius of the nucleus of the Ra atom, which carries an electric charge +88e, is
7.0 u 1015 m . What shouid roughly be the speed of a proton, if it has to reach as close as
1.0 u1014 m from the centre of the nucleus? [The radius of the cloud of orbital electrons
of the Ra atom is approximately 5.0 u1011 m ]
(a) 6.7 u 109 m s (b) 3.1 u 108 m s (c) 1.4 u 105 m s (d) 4.9 u 107 m s
1.(b) 2.(c) 3.(c) 4.(b) 5.(b) 6.(d) 7.(d)

Assignment-2 : Nuclear Models
1. The angular momentum and parity of 17 nucleus, according to the nuclear shell model
8 O
(including spin-orbit coupling), is: [GATE 1998]
1 3 5
(a) 0 (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2
2. The asymmetry terms in the Weizsacker semi-empirical mass formula is because of:
(a) non-spherical shape of the nucleus [GATE 2002]
(b) non-zero spin of nucleus
(c) unequal number of protons and neutrons inside the nucleus
(d) odd number of protons inside the nucleus
3. The nuclear spins of 6 C14 and 12 Mg

25 nuclei are respectively,, [GATE 2002]
(a) zero and half integer (b) half integer and zero
(c) an integet and half integer (d) both half integer
4. The spin and parity of 4 Be 9 nucleus as predicted by the sheel model are respectively..
(a) 3/2 and odd (b) 1/2 and odd (c) 3/2 and even (d) 1/2 and even
Common Data for Q.5 and Q.6. :
The nucleus 44
Ca can be described by the single particle shell model.
5. The single particle states occupied by the last proton and the last proton and the last
nuetron, respectively are given by [GATE 2004]
(a) d 5/2 and f 7/2 (b) d 3/2 and f 5/2 (c) d 5/2 and f 5/2 (d) d3/2 and f 7/2
6. The ground state angular momentum and parity of 41

Ca are : [GATE 2004]

5

§7· 3 5 5
(a) ¨ ¸ (b) (c) (d)
©2¹ 2 2 2
7. Which o f the following expressions for total binding energy B of a nucleus is correct
a1 , a2 , a3 , a4 ! 0 ? [GATE 2005]
2
2/3 Z Z 1 A 2Z
(a) B a1 A a2 A a3 a4 G
A1/3 A
2
2/3 Z Z 1 A 2Z
(b) B a1 A a2 A a3 a4 G
A1/3 A
2
1/3 Z Z 1 A 2Z
(c) B a1 A a2 A a3 a4 G
A1/3 A
2
Z Z 1 A 2Z
(d) B a1 A a2 A1/3 a3 a4 G
A1/3 A
8. Ccording to shell model, the ground state of 15 nucleus is : [GATE 2005]

8 O
3 1 3 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2
9. According to the shell model the ground state spin of the 17

O nucleus is : [GATE 2007]
3 5 3 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2
10. The following gives a list of pairs containing :
(i) a nucleus (ii) one of its properties
Find the pair which is in appropriate.
(a) (i) 10 Ne 20 nucleus, (ii) stable nucleus;
(b) (i) a spheroidal nucleus, (ii) an electric quadrupole moment;
1
(c) (i) 8 O16 nucleus, (ii) nucleus spin J
2
(d) (i) U 238 nucleus, (ii) binding energy =1785 MeV, (approx)
11. The four possible configurations of neutrons in the ground state of 4 Be 9 nucleus according
to the shell model, and the associated nuclear spin are listed below. Choose the correct
one. [GATE 2008]
1 2 1 3 3 1 2 1 2 1 1 3
(a) s1/2 p3/2 ;J (b) s1/2 p1/2 p3/2 ; J
2 2

6
2 2 1 2 2 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
(c) s1/2 p3/2 ;J (d) s1/2 p3/2 p1/2 ; J
2 2
12. The mass difference between the pair of mirror nuclei 6 C11 and 5B
11 is given to be
'MeV / c 2 . According to the semi empirical mass formula the mass difference between
the pair of mirror nuclei 17 and 20 will approximately be (rest mass of proton
9 F 2 O
mp 938.27 MeV c 2 and rest mass of neutron mu 939.57 MeV c 2 ). [GATE 2008]
(a) 1.39' MeV c 2 (b) 1.39' 0.5 MeV c 2
(c) 1.86' MeV c 2 (d) 1.6' 0.87 MeV c 2
13. Consider the following expression for the mass of a nucleus with Z protons and A nucleons.
1 ª
M A, Z 2 ¬
f A yZ zZ 2 º
c ¼
Here, f A is a function of A. [GATE 2009]
y 4a A
z ac A1/3 4a A A 1
a A and ac are constants of suitable dimensions. For a fixed A, the expression of Z for
the most stable nucleus is :
A/2 A/2
Z Z
ª § ac · 2/3 º ª § ac · 2/3 º
(a) «1 ¨ ¸A » (b) «1 ¨ ¸A »
¬ © aA ¹ ¼ ¬ © 4a A ¹ ¼
A/ 2
Z A
ª § ac · 2/3 º Z
(c) «1 ¨ ¸A » (d) 1 A2/3
¬ © 4a A ¹ ¼
14. Consider a nucleus with N neutrons and Z protons. If m p , mn and B.E. represents the
mass of the proton, the mass of the neutron and the binding energy of the nucleus
respectively and c is the velocity of light in free space, the mass of the nucleus is given by:
[GATE 2009]
(a) Nmn Zm p (b) Nm p Zmn
B.E. B.E.
(c) Nmn Zm p 2 (d) Nm p Zmn
c c2
15. In the nuclear shell model the spin parity of 15 is given by : [GATE 2010]
7 N

7
1 1 3 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2
16. The first three energy level of 238

Th90 are shown below : [GATE 2010]
The expected spin-parity and energy of the next level are given by :

(a) 6 ;400keV (b) 6 ;300keV (c) 2 ;400keV (d) 4 ;300keV
17. The semi-empirical mass formula for the binding energy of nucleus contains a surface
correction term. This term depends on the mass number A of the nucleus as : [GATE
2011]
(a) A1/3 (b) A1/3 (c) A2/3 (d) A
18. According to the single particle nuclear shell model, the spin parity of the ground state of
17 is : [GATE 2011]
8 O
1 3 3 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2
19. Total binding energies of O15 , O16 and O17 are 111.96 MeV, 127.62 MeV and 131.76
1 1
MeV, respectively. The energy gap between p 1 and d 3 neutron shells for the nuclei
2 2
whose mass number is close to 16 is:
(a) 4.1 MeV (b) 11.5 MeV (c) 15.7 MeV (d) 19.8 MeV
2 q
20. The electromagnetic form factor F q
2
of a nucleus is given by F q exp .
2Q 2
4S f
q ³0
2
where Q is a constant. Given that F q rdr .U r sin qr [GATE 2013]
³d
2
rU r 1
where U r is the charge density, the root mean square radius of the nucleus is given by
(a) 1 / Q (b) 2 /Q (c) 3/Q (d) 6 /Q
21. A proton is confined to a cubic box, whose sides have length 1012 m . What is the minimum
kinetic energy of the proton? The mass of proton is 1.67 u 1027 kg and Planck’s constant
is 6.63 u 1034 Js . [GATE 2013]

8
(a) 1.1 u 1012 J (b) 3.3 u1017 J (c) 9.9 u1017 J (d) 6.6 u 1017 J
Statement for Linked Answer Q. 22 and Q. 23 :
In the Schmidt model of nuclear magnetic moments, we have,
G eh G G
P gi l g s S
2 Mc
where the symbols have their usual meaning
22. For the case J l 1 / 2 , where J is the total angular momentum, the expectation value
G G
of S J in the nuclear ground state is equal to, [GATE 2011]
(a) J 1 / 2 (b) J 1 / 2 (c) J / 2 (d) J / 2
23. For the O17 nucleus ( A 17, Z 8 ) the effective magnetic moment is given by :
eh
Peff gJ
2 Mc
where g is equal to, ( g s 5.59 for proton and = 3.83 for neutron) [GATE 2013]
(a) 1.12 (c) –0.77 (c) –1.28 (d) 1.28
1 G G
24. In the nuclear shell model, the pontential is modeled as V r mZ2 r 2 OL S , O ! 0 .
2
The parity and isospin assignments fot the ground state of 13
C is : [GATE 2015]
1 1 1 1 3 1 3 1
(a) , (b) , (c) , (d) ,
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
25. According to the nuclear shell model the respective ground state spin parity values of
15 and 17 nuclei are [GATE 2016]
8 O 8 O
1 1 1 5 3 5 3 1
(a) , (b) , (c) , (d) ,
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1.(d) 2.(c) 3.(a) 4.(a) 5.(d) 6.(a) 7.(a)

8.(d) 9.(b) 10.(c) 11.(a) 12.(b) 13.(c) 14.(c)
15.(a) 16.(a) 17.(c) 18.(d) 19.(b) 20.(c) 21.(c)
22.(b) 23.(b) 24.(a) 25.(b)

9

1. The difference in the Coulomb energy between the mirror nuclei 49 and 49 is 6.0
24 Cr 25 Mn
MeV. Assuming that the nuclei have a spherically symmetric charge distribution and that
49
e2 is approximately 1.0 MeV-fm, the radius of the 25 Mn
nucleus is : [NET Dec. 2011]
(a) 4.9 u 1013 m (b) 4.9 u 1015 m (c) 5.1 u 1013 m (d) 5.1 u 1015 m
2. According to the shell model the spin and parity of the two nuclei 125 and 39 are,
51 Sb 38 Sr
respectiyely. [NET Dec. 2011]

§5· §5· §5· §7· §7· §5· §7· §7·
(a) ¨ ¸ and ¨ ¸ (b) ¨ ¸ and ¨ ¸ (c) ¨ ¸ and ¨ ¸ (d) ¨ ¸ and ¨ ¸
©2¹ ©2¹ ©2¹ ©2¹ ©2¹ ©2¹ ©2¹ ©2¹
3. The single particle enertgy difference between the p-orbitals (i.e. p3 2 and p 12 ) of the
nucleus 114 is 3 MeV. The energy difference between the states in its 1f orbital is :
50 Sn
[NET Dec. 2012]

(a) –7 MeV (b) 7 MeV (c) 5 MeV (d) –5 MeV
4. The binding energy of a light nucleus (Z, A) in MeV is given by the approximate formula
2
3 N Z
B A, Z | 16 A 20 A2/3 Z 2 A1/3 30 [NET Dec. 2013]
4 A
where N A Z is the neutron number. The value of Z of the most stable isobar for a
given A is :
1 1
A§ A /3 · A A§ A /3 · A§ A4/3 ·
¨
(a) ¨ 1 ¸ (b) ¨
(c) ¨ 1 ¸ ¨
(d) 2 ¨ 1 ¸
2© 160 ¹¸ 2 2© 120 ¹¸ © 64 ¹¸
5. According to the shell mode the total angular momentum (in units of h) and the parity of
the ground state of the 37 Li nucleus is : [NET Dec. 2013]
3 3
(a) with negative parity (b) with positive parity
2 2
1 3
(c) with positive parity (d) with positive parity
2 2
6. A permanently deformed even-even nucleus with J P 2 has rotational energy 93 keV..
The energy of the next excited state is : [NET June 2014]
(a) 372 keV (b) 310 keV (c) 273 keV (d) 186 keV
7. If the binding energy B of a nucleus (mass number A and charge Z) is given by :
2
2Z A ac Z 2
B aV A aS A2/3 asym where aV 16 MeV , aS 16MeV , asym
A A1/3
24MeV and ac 0.75MeV , then the Z for the most stable isobar for a nucleus with A =
216 is : [NET Dec. 2014]

10
(a) 68 (b) 72 (c) 84 (d) 92

8. Let us approximate the nuclear potential in the shell model by a 3-dimensional isotropic
harmonic oscillator. Since the lowest two energy levels have angular momenta l 0 and
l 1 respectively, which of the following two nuclei have magic numbers of protons and
neutrons ? [NET June 2015]
4 16 2 8 4 8 4 12
(a) He and O (b) D and Be (c) He and Be (d) He and Be
2 8 1 4 2 4 2 6
9. Of the nuclei of mass number A 125 , the binding energy calculated from the liquid drop
model (given that the coefficients for the Coulomb and the asymmetry energy are
aC 0.7 MeV and asym 22.5MeV respectively) is a maximum for : [NET Dec. 2015]
(a) 125 (b) 125 (c) 125 (d) 125

54 Xe 53 I 52 Te 54 Sb
2 j 1 2
10. The electric quadrupole moment of an odd proton nucleus is 2 j 1 r , where j is the
total angular momentum. Given that R0 1.2 fm , what is the value, in beam, of the
quadrupole moment of the 27
AI nucleus in the shell model? [NET Dec. 2015]
(a) 0.043 (b) 0.023 (c) 0.915 (d) 0
11. Let ES denote the contribution of the surface energy per nucleon in the liquid drop model.
27 64
The ratio ES 15 Al : ES 30 Zn is : [NET June 2016]
(a) 2 : 3 (b) 4 : 3 (c) 5 : 3 (d) 3 : 2
12. 27
According to the shell model the nuclear magnetic moment of the 13 Al nucleus is (Given
that for a proton gl 1, g s 5.586 and for a nuetron gl 0, g s 3.826 ). [NET
(a) 1.913P N (b) 14.414P N (c) 4.793P N (d) 0 June 2016]
1.(b) 2.(d) 3.(b) 4.(a) 5.(a) 6.(b) 7.(c)

8.(a) 9.(c) 10.(a) 11.(b) 12.(c)
1. In the semi-empirical mass formula, the volume (V), surface (S), coulomb (C), and pairing
(P) contributions to the binding energy of a nucleus A vary with mass number A as :
Z X
(a) V v A, S v A2/3 , C v A1/3 , P v A3/4 [TIFR 2015]
(b) V v A, S v A1/3 , C v A1/3 , P v A3/4
(c) V v A, S v A2/3 , C v A1/3 , P v A3/4
(d) V v A2 , S v A2/3 , C v A1/3 , P v A3/4

11
2. The Weizacker semi-empirical mass formula for an odd nucleus with Z protons and A
nucleons may be written as M Z , A D1 A D2 A2/3 D3 A D 4 Z 2 where the D , are
constants independent of Z, A. For a given A, if Z A is the number of photons of the most
stable isobar, the total energy released when an unstable nuclide undergoes a single E
decay to Z A , A is : [FIER 2016]
(a) D3 (b) D 4 (c) D 4 D3 (d) D1 D 2
1.(a) 2.(b)
1. A nucleus may be modelled as a drop of liquid consisting of the nucleons (protons and
neutrons). In this model, the dominant contribution to the nuclear binding energy is from
the volume, which is proportional to A, the total number of nucleons. Then the two important
subdominant contributions from the surface tension and the coulomb repulsion of the
proton S are, proportional to
(a) A2/3 and Z / A1/3 respectively (b) A2/3 and Z 2 / A1/3 respectively
(c) A1/3 and Z 2 / A2/3 respectively (d) A1/2 and Z 2 / A1/3 respectively
1.(b)
GATE Previous Year's Question
1. A nucleus having mass number 240 decays by a emission to the grond state of its daughter
nucleus. The Q value of the process is 5.26 MeV. The energy (in MeV) of the a particle
is: [GATE 2005]
(a) 5.26 (b) 5.17 (c) 5.13 (d) 5.09
2. The plot of log At is versus time t, where At is activity, as shown in the figure, corresponds
to decay : [GATE 2005]
(a) from only one Idnd of radioactive nuclei having same half-life
(b) from only neutron activated nuclei
(c) from a mixture of radioactive nuclei having different half-lives
(d) which is unphysical

12
3. The evidence for the non-conservation of parity in E decay has been obtained from the
observation that the E intensity.. [GATE 2005]
(a) anti-parallel to the nuclear spin directions is same as that a along the nuclear spin in
direction
(b) anti-parallel to the nuclear spin direction is not the, same as that along the nuclear spin
directions
(c) shows a continuous distribution is a function of momontum
(d) is independent of the nuclear spin direction
4. Which one of the following disintegration series of the heavy elements will give 209
Bi as
a stable nucleus? [GATE 2006]
(a) Thorium series (b) Neptunium series (c) Uranium series (d) Actinu series
5. Consider Fermi theory of E decay :
(I) The number of final state of electrons corresponding to momenta between p and
p dp is
(a) independent of p (b) proportion to pdp
(c) proportional to p 2 dp (d) proportional to p 3dp
(II) The number of emitted electrons with momentum (p) and energy (E) in the allowed
approximation is proportional to ( E0 is the total energy given up by the necleus)
2
(a) E0 E (b) p E0 E (c) p 2 E0 E (d) p E0 E
6. Half-life of a radioisotope is 4 u 108 years. If these are 103 radioactive nuclei in a sample
today, the number of such nuclei in the sample 4 u 109 years ago were. [GATE 2007]
(a) 128 u 103 (b) 256 u 103 (c) 512 u 103 (d) 1024 u 103
7. Fission fragments are generally radioactive as : [GATE 2007]
(a) they have excess in neutrons
(b) they have excess of protons
(c) they are products of radioactive nuclides
(d) their total kinetic energy is of the order of 200 MeV
Statement for Linked Answer Q. 8 and Q. 9 :
Consider the E decay of a free neutron at rest in the laboratory
8. Which of the following configurations of the decay products correspond to the largest
energy of the anti-neutrino vG ? (rest mass of electron, me 0.51MeV / c 2 , rest mass of
proton m p 938.27 MeV / c 2 and rest mass of neutron mn 939.57 MeV / c 2 )
(a) In the laboratory, proton is produced at rest [GATE 2008]

13
(b) In the laboratory, momenta of proton, electron and the anti-neutrino all have the same
magnitude
(c) In the laboratory, proton and electron fly-o ff with (nearly) equal and opposite momenta
(d) In the laboratory, electron is produced at rest
9. Using the result of above problem, answer the following. Which of the following represents
approximately the maximum allowed energy of the anti-neutrino vG ? [GATE 2008]
10. The disintegration energy is defined to be the difference in the rest energy between the
initial and final states. Consider the following process: [GATE 2009]
240 236
94 Pu o92 U 24 He
The emitted D particle has a kinetic energy 5.17 MeV. The value of the disintegration
energy is :
G
11. In the E decay of neutron, n o p e v , the anti-neutino v1e escapes detection.
Itsexistence is inferred from the measurement of :
[GATE 2011]
(a) energy distribution of electrons (b) angular distribution of electrons
(c) helicity distribution of electrons
(d) forward backward asymmetry of electrons
12. In the E decay process, the transition 2 o 3 , is : [GATE 2013]

(a) allowed both by Fermi and Gamow-Teller selection rule
(b) allowed by Fermi and but not by Gamow Teller selection rule
(c) not allowed by Fermi but allowed by Gamow teller selection rule
(d) not allowed both by Fermi and Gamow Teller selection rule
13. A nucleus X undergoes a first forbidden E decay to a nucleus Y. If the angular momentum
T
(I) and parity (P), denoted by I P as for X when of the following is a possible I P
2
value for Y? [GATE 2014]
1 1 3 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2
1.(b) 2.(c) 3.(c) 4.(b) 5.(c) 6.(d) 7.(a)

8.(c) 9.(a) 10.(a) 11.(a) 12.(c) 13.(c)

14
1
1. The ground state of 207
82 Pb
nucleus has spin-parity J p , while the first excited state
2
5
has J p . The electromagnetic radiation emitted when the nucleus makes a transition
2
from the first excited state to the around state are : [NET June 2012]
(a) E2 and E3 (b) M2 and E3 (c) E2 and M3 (d) M2 and M3
2. A radioactive element X decays to Y, which in turn decays to a stable element Z. The
decay constant from X to Y is O1 and that from Y to Z is O 2 . If to begin with, there are
only N 0 atoms of X, at short times ( t 1 / O1 as well as 1 / O 2 ) the number of atoms of
Z will be : [NET June 2016]
1 O1O 2
(a) O1O 2 N0t 2 (b) 2 O O N 0t (c) O1 O 2 2
N 0t 2 (d) O1 O 2 N 0 t
2 1 2
1.(c) 2.(a)
1. A detector is used to count the numbr of J -rays emitted by a radioactive source. If the
number of counts recorded in exactly 20 seconds is 10000, the error in the counting rate
per second is : [TIFR 2010]
(a) r5.0 (b) r22.4 (c) r44.7 (d) r220.0
2. A lead container contains 1 gm of a 60 radioactive source. It is known that a 60

27 Co 27 Co
nucleus emits a E -particle of energy 316 KeV followed by two J -emissions of energy
1173 and 1333 KeV respectively. Which of the following experimental methods would be
the best way to determine the life time of the 60 source? [TIFR 2010]
27 Co
(a) Measure the change in temperature of the source

(b) Measure the weight of the source now and again after one year
(c) Measure the recoil momentum ofthe nucleus during E -emission
(d) Measure the number of J - photons emitted by this source
3. An excited atomic electron undergoes a spontaneous transition 3d3/2 o 2 p1/2 . The
interaction responsible for this transition must be of the type : [TIFR 2011]
(a) electric dipole (E1) OR magnetic dipole (M2)
(b) eletric dipole (E1) OR magnetic dipole (M1)
(c) eletric dipole (E2) OR magnetic dipole (M2)
(d) eletric quadrupole (E2) OR magnetic dipole (M1)

15
4. A cloud Chamber of width 0.01m is filled with pure nitrogen gas N 2 at normal
temperature and pressure. A beam of D particles, when incident normally no the chamber
4
make tracks which are visible under strong illumination. Whenever as D particle 2 He
has a nuclear collision with a 14

7 N
nucleus, the track shows a distinct bend. The radius of
a nucleus move at non relativistic speeds and the total number of incident D particles is
107 , the number of such distinct bends is approximately..
(a) 100 (b) 200 (c) 300 (d) 400
(e) 500 (f) 600
5. Let E N be the energy released when one mole of pure 235

U undergoes controlled
fission, and EC be the energy released when one mole o f pure carbon undergoes complete
combustion. The ratio EN / EC will have the order of magnitude [TIFR 2013]
(a) 104 (b) 108 (c) 109 (d) 106

6. A standard radioactive source is known to decay by emission of J -rays. The source is
provided to a student in a thick sealed capsule of unbreakable plastic and she is asked to
find out the half-life. Which of the following would be the most useful advice to the
student? [TIFR 2014]
(a) The half-life cannot be measured because the initial concentration of the source is not
given
(b) Mount the source in front of a gamma ray detector and count the number of photons
detected in one hour
(c) Measure the mass of the source at different times with an accurate balance having a
least count of 1 mg. Plot these values on a curve and fit it with an exponential decay law
(d) Mount the source in front of a gamma ray detector and count the number of photons
detected in a specific time interval. Repeat this experiment at different times and note
how the count changes
197
7. An alpha particle of energy E is shot towards a gold nucleus 29 Au . At distances much
larger than the nuclear size RN , the dominant force is the Coulomb repulsion, but at
distances comparable to the nuclear size the dominant force is the strong nuclear attraction.
These combine to form a potential barrier of height VC . If E VC the probability that the
alpha particle will fuse with the gold nucleus can be written (in terms of a dimensionless
positive constant k) as [TIFR 2014]
kE § E · § kVC ·
(a) zero (b) 2 2 (c) k ¨1 V ¸ (d) exp ¨ ¸
k E VC2 © C ¹ © E ¹
8. Which of the following radio active decay chains is it possible to observe? [TIFR 2015]
206 202 202 210 210 206
(a) 82 Pb o80 Hg o79 Au (b) 83 Bi o84 Po o82 Pb

16
214 210 207 206 202 202

(c) 88 Ra o86 Rn o82 Pb (d) 82 Pb o80 Hg o79 Au
9. In an experiment, 192 nuclei were bombarded with neutrons leading to formation of

79 Au
198 , which is un-stable. The half-life of 198 was measured to be 2.25 days and it
79 Au 79 Au
was found later that this measured half-life was an underestimate by 10%. The
corresponding percentage error in the estimated population of 198 after 9 days is :
79 Au
(a) 10% (d) 15% (c) 2.5% (d) 1% [TIER 2015]
1.(b) 2.(d) 3.(a) 4.() 5.(d) 6.(d) 7.(d)

8.(b) 9.(b)
138
1. U decays with a half-life of 4.51u 109 years, the decay series eventually ending at
206
Pb , which is stable. A rock smaple analysis shows that the ratio o f the numbers
ofatoms of 206 238 206
Pb to U is 0.0058. Assuming that all the Pb has been produced by
the decay of 238
U and that all other haif lives in the chain are negligible, the age of rock
sample is : [JEST 2013]
(a) 38 u 106 years (b) 48 u 106 years (c) 38 u 107 years (d) 48 u 107 years
2. In the mixture of isotopes normally found on the earth at the present time, 238 has on a
92 U
boundance of 99.3% and 235 has an abound ance of 0.7%. The measured lifetimes of
92 U
these isotopes are 6.52 u 109 years and 1.02 u 109 years respectively. Assuming that
they were equally aboundant when the earth was formed, the estimated age of the earth,
in years is : [JEST 2014]
(a) 6.0 u 109 (b) 1.0 u 109 (c) 6.0 u108 (d) 1.0 u 108
3. The half-life of a radioactive nuclear source is 9 days. The fraction of nuclei which are
left undercayed after 3 days is:
7 1 5 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1/3
8 3 6 2
1.(a) 2.(a) 3.(d)

Other Exmainations Previous Year's Questions
1. The activity of a radioactive sample is decreased to 75% of the initial value after 30 days.
The half-life (in days) of the sample is approximately [You may use ln 3 = 1.1, In 4 = 1.4]

17
(a) 38 (b) 5 (c) 59 (d) 69
2. 60 is a radioactive nucleus of half-1ife 2An2 u 108 s . The activity of 10 g 60 in

27 Co 27 Co
disintegration per second is :
1 1
(a) u 1010 (b) 5 u 1010 (c) u 1014 (d) 5 u 1014
5 5
3. The variation of binding energy per nucleus with respect to the mass of nuclei is shown in
the figure
Consider the following reactions:
(1) 238
92 U
206
o32 Pb 10 p 22 n (2) 238
92 U
206
o82 Pb 842 He 6e
Which one of the following statements is true for the given decay modes of 238 ?
92 U
(a) both 1 and 2 are allowed (b) both 1 and 2 are forbidden
(c) 1 is forbidden and 2 is allowed (d) 1 is allowed and 2 is forbidden

18
4. A particular radioisotope has a half-life of 5 days. In 15 days the probability of decay in

percentage will be ________
5. The radioactivity of a sample ot Co55 decreases by 4% every hour. (The decayproduct is

not radioactive). The half-life of Co55 is approximately :
(a) 1 hour (b) 1 day (c) 1 month (d) 1 year
6. In order to determine the.age. of ancient wooden tools, radiocarbon dating method is
used. This is done by measuring the fraction of radioactive iotopee 14 C of carbon compared
to the normal (non-radioactive) isotope 12
C in a sample. An old sample is found to
contain 1/10 times the fraction of 14
C as compared to a fresh piece of wood. Given that
the half-life of 14
C is 5570 years, the approximate age of the old sample is :
(a) 557 years (b) 12800 years (c) 18500 years (d) 55700 years
7. A radioactive nucleus X decays to Y with a mean lifetime W 2 W1 / 2 . If N 0 nuclei of X

(but no nuclei of Y) are present at t 0 , how many nuclei of Y will be there when the
number of X nuclei becomes N 0 / 2 ?
(a) N 0 / 2e (b) N 0 / 4 (c) N 0 / 2 (d) N 0 / e

8. Radon has a of 3.8 days. If we start with 10.24 gm of radon, the amount of it which will
be left after 38 days is :
(a) 10 4 gm (b) 10 2 gm (c) 10 6 gm (d) 10 3 gm
9. If the age of the universe is 1010 years, the humans have existed for 106 years. If we take
the age of the universe to be a day, how many seconds have the humans existed?
(a) 2.40 sec (b) 86.40 sec (c) 8.64 sec (d) 24 sec
1.(d) 2.(d) 3.(c) 4.(87 to 88) 5.(b) 6.(c) 7.(b)

8.(d) 9.(c)
1. Typical energies released in a nuclear fission and a nuclear fusion reactions are respectively.
(a) 50 MeV and 1000 MeV (b) 200 MeV and 1000 MeV
(c) 1000 MeV and 50 MeV (d) 200 MeV and 10 MeV [GATE 2002]
235
2. An atomic bomb consisting of U explodes and releases an energy of 1014 J . It is
known that each 235
U which undergoes fission releases 3 neutrons and 200 MeV of
energy. Further, only 20% of the 235
U atoms in the bomb undergoes fission:
(i) the total number of neutrons released is about [GATE 2003]

19
(a) 4.7 u 1024 (b) 9.7 u 1024 (c) 1.9 u 1025 (d) 3.7 u 1025
(ii) The mass of 235

U in the bomb is about :
(a) 1.5 kg (b) 3.0 kg (c) 6.1 kg (d) 12 kg
3. A thermal neutron having soeed v impinges on a U 235 nucleus. The reaction moss section
is proportionl to : [GATE 2004]
(a) v 1 (b) v (c) v1/2 (d) v1/2

4. The threshold temperature above which the thermonuclear reaction [GATE 2005]
3 3
2 He 2 He o 42 He 211 H 12.86MeV
can occur is (use e 2 / 4 SH 0 1.44 u 109 K e 2 / 4 SH 0 1.44 u 1015 MeV in)
(a) 1.28 u 1010 K (b) 1.28 u 105 K (c) 1.28 u 103 K (d) 1.28 u 107 K
5. By capturing an electron 54 transforms into 54 releasing [GATE 2006]

25 Mn29 24 Cr30
(a) a neutrino (b) an anti-neutrino (c) and D particle (d) a positron

6. Fission fragments are generally radioactive as : [GATE 2007]
(a) they have excess of neutrons (b) they have excess of protons
(c) they are products of radioactive nuclide
(d) their total kinetic energy is of the order of 200 MeV
7. A neutron scatters elastically from a heavy nucleus, the initial and final states of the
neutron have the : [GATE 2007]
(a) same energy (b) same energy and linear momentum
(c) same energy and angular momentum (d) same linear and angular momenta
Linked Answer Q.8 and Q.9 :
A 16PA beam of alpha particles, having cross-sectional area 104 m2 , is incident on a

Rhodium target of thickness 1Pm . This produces neutrons through the reaction,
D 100 Rh o101 Pd 3n
8. The number of D particles hitting the target per second is : [GATE 2007]
(a) 0.5 u 1014 (b) 1.0 u 1014 (c) 2.0 u 1020 (d) 4.0 u 1020
9. The neutrons are observed at the rate of 1.806 u 108 s 1 . If the density of rhodium is
approximated as 10 4 kg m 3 the cross-section for the reaction (in barns) is:[GATE 2007]
(a) 0.1 (b) 0.2 (c) 0.4 (d) 0.8

10. The energy released in the fission of 1 kg Uranium (approximately [in Joule]:[GATE 07]
(a) 1014 (b) 1017 (c) 1016 (d) 1010

20
11. The atomic masses of 152 152 1

63 Eu ,62 Sm,1 H and neutron are 151.921749, 15019756, 1.007825
and 1.008665 in atomic mass units (a.m.u.), respectively. Using the above information,
152
n o152 3 a.m.u. (upto three
the Q-value of the reaction 63 Eu 62 Sm p is_____ u10
decimal places) [GATE 2015]
53
12. Consider the reaction 25 Mn e o54
24 Cr X . The particle X is [GATE 2016]
(a) J (b) ve (c) n (d) S0
1.(d) 2.(b) 3.(a) 4.(a) 5.(a) 6.(a) 7.(a)

8.(a) 9.(a) 10.(a) 11.(2.833) 12.(b)
235
1. The binding energy per nucleon for U is 7.6 MeV. The 235U nucleus undergoes fission
to produce two fragments, both having-Eirding energy per nucleon 8.5 MeV. The energy
released, in Joules, from the complete fission of 1 kg of 235
U is therefore, [TIFR 2010]
(a) 8000 (b) 1035 (c) 450 (d) 20000
(e) 8.7 u 1013 (f) 5.0 u108
2. A fast-moving 14
N nucleus collides with an a particle at rest in the laboratory frame,
giving rise to the reaction
14
N D o17 O p [TIFR 2011]
14
Given the masses 14.00307 a.m.u. and 16.99913 a.m.u. for N and 17 O nuclei
respectively, and 4.00260 a.m.u. and 1.00783 a.m.u. for a and p respectively, the minimum
kinetic energy in the laboratory frame of the 14
N nucleus must be :
239
3. In a nuclear reactor, Plutonium 94 Pu is used as fuel, releasing energy by its fission
146 91
into isotopes of Barium 54 Ba and Strontium 38 Sr through the reaction :
239 1
94 Pu 0 n o146 91 1
56 Ba 38 Sr 3 u0 n [TIER 2012]
The binding energy (B.F.) per nucleon of each of these nuclides is given in the table
below :
239 146 91
Nuclide 94 Pu 54 Ba 38 Sr
B.E.per nucleon MeV 7.6 8.2 8.6

21
Using this information, one can estimate the number of such fission reactions per second
in a 100 MW reactor as :
(a) 3.9 u 1018 (b) 7.8 u 1018 (c) 5.2 u 1019 (d) 5.2 u 1018
(e) 8.9 u 1017
4. The process of electron capture p e o n ve [TIFR 2013]

takes place at the quark level through the Feynman diagram.
5. A gold foil, having N 0 number of 197 2

Au nuclides per cm , is irradiated by a beam of
thermal neutrons with a flux of F neutrons-cm–2-s–1. As a result, the nuclide 198
Au , with
a half-life W of several years, is produced by the reaction : [TIER 2013]
197
Au n o198 Au J
which has a cross section of a Vcm2 . Assuming that the gold foil has 100% abundancy of
197
Au nuclides, the maximum number of 198 Au nuclides that.can accumubte at any time
in the foil is proportional to :
W 1 VF
(a) VWFN 0 (b) N 0 (c) N 0 (d) N 0
VF VWF W
6. In a beta decay experiment, an elecromagnet M and a detector D are used to measure

the energy of electrons E , as shown in the figure. [TIFR 2014]

The detector D is capable of detecting either electons E or positrons E . Now the
E source is replaced with a E source, and we would like to measure the energy of the

positrons E using the same setup. Which of the following is correct?

22
(a) This can be done quite easily, if the polarity of current in the coils of the electromagnet
is reversed
(b) This is can done trivially, without changing anything, since the detector D can detect
either E or E
(c) There is no way to do this with the given set up, since E will have to be converted
into E , which is obviously not possible
(d) This cannot be done since the magnet does not have a symmetric shape
7. It is well-known that the energy of the Sun arises from the fusion of hydrogen nuclei
(protons) inside the core of the Sun. The takes place through several mechanisms each
resulting in emission of energy. [TIFR 2014]
Which of the following reactions is NOT possible during the proton fusion inside the Sun?
(a) 11 H 11 H o 22 He (b) 12 H 11 H o32 He
(c) 11 H 11 H o12 H e ve (d) 11 H 11 H 11 H 11 H o 42 He 2e
226
8. Consider a process in which atoms of Actinium 226 89 Ac get converted to atoms of
226
Radium-226 88 Ra and the yield of energy is 0.64 MeV per atom. This occurs through
[TIFR 2016]
(a) Both p o n e ve and p e o n ve
(b) Both p o n e ve and n o p e ve
(c) Only p o n e ve (d) Only p e o n ve
1.(e) 2.(d) 3.(a) 4.(c) 5.(a) 6.(a) 7.(d)

8.(d)
1. If hydrogen atom is bombarded by energetic electrons, it will emit. [JEST 2014]
(a) K a X rays (b) E rays (c) Neutrons (d) None of the above
1.(d)
1. Identify the reaction which has the same transition probability as S p o S p

23
(a) S n o S n (b) S p o S0 n [GATE 2000]
(c) S n o S n (d) S0 p o S n
2. Which of the following functions describes the nature of interaction potential V(r) between
two quarks inside a nucleon? (r is the distance between the quarks and a and b are
positive constants of suitable dimensions). [GATE 2001]
a a* a a
(a) V r br (b) V r br (c) V r br (d) V r br
r r r r
3. Which of the following reactions violates lepton number conservation?
(a) e e o ve vGe (b) e p o ve n
(c) e n o p ve (d) P o e ve vGe
4. The cross-sections of the reactions : [GATE 2001]
p S o 6 K and p S o 6 K
at a given energy are the same due to :
(a) baryon number conservation (b) time reversal invariance
(c) charge conjugation (d) parity conservation
5. The Baryon number of proton, the lepton number of proton, the baryon number of electron
and the lepton nunber of the electron are respectively. [GATE 2002]
(a) zero, zero, one and zero (b) one, one, zero and one
(c) one, zero, zero and one (d) zero, one, one and zero
6. The nucleus of the atom 9 Be4 consists of : [GATE 2003]
(a) 13 up quarks and 13 down quarks (b) 13 up quarks and 14 down quarks
(c) 14 up quarks and 13 down quarks (d) 14 up quarks and 14 down quarks
7. Which one of the following nuclear reactions is possible? [GATE 2003]
(a) 14
N 2 o13 C6 E ve (b) 13
N 7 o13 C6 E ve
(c) 13
N 7 o13 C6 E (d) 13
N 7 o13 C7 E ve
8. Suppose that a neutron at rest in free space decays into a proton and an electron. This
process would violate [GATE 2003]
(a) conservation of charge (b) conservation of energy
(c) conservation of linear momentum (d) conservation of angular momentum
9. A stationary particle in free space is oberved to spontaneously decay into two photons.
This imples that : [GATE 2003]
(a) the particle carries electric charge
(b) the spin of the particle must be greater than or equal to 2

24
(c) the particle is a boson

(d) the mass of the particle must be greater than or equal to the mass of the hydrogen
atom
10. Choose the particle with zero Baryon number from the list given below : [GATE 2004]
(a) pion (b) neutron (c) proton (d) '
11. Which one of the following reactions is allowed? [GATE 2004]
(a) p o n e (b) p o e ve (c) p o S J (d) p n o S S 0
12. Which of the following decay is forbidden? [GATE 2005]
(a) P o e vP ve (b) P o P vP
(c) P o e ve (d) P o e e e
13. The interaction potential between two quarks, separated by a distance r inside a nucleon,
can be described by (a, b and E are positive cosntants) [GATE 2006]
a a a
(a) aeEr (b) br (c) br (d)
r r r
14. Which one of the following nuclear processes is forbidden? [GATE 2006]
(a) v p o n e (b) S o e ve S0
(c) S p o n K K () P o e ve vP
15. Weak nuclear forces act on : [GATE 2006]

(a) both hadrons and leptons (b) hadrons only
(c) all particles (d) all charged particles
16. The strangeness quantum number is conserved in : [GATE 2007]
(a) strong, weak and electromagnetic interactions
(b) weak and electromagnetic interactions
(c) strong and weak interactons
(d) strong and electromagnetic interactions
17. A relativistic particle travels a length of 3 u103 m in air before decaying. The decay
process of the particle is dominated by. [GATE 2007]
(a) strong interactions (b) electromagnetic interactions
(c) weak interactions (d) gravitational interactions
18. The strange baryon 6 has the quark structure : [GATE 2007]
(a) uds (b) uud (c) uus (d) us
19. According According to the quark model,the K meson is commonsed which of the following
quarks. [GATE 2008]

25
(a) uud (b) uc (c) us (d) su

20. Choose the correct statement from the following : [GATE 2008]
(a) The reaction K K o pp can proceed irrespective of the kinetic energies of K

and K
(b) The reaction K K o 2 J ICK- pp is forbidden by the Baryon number conservation
(c) The reaction K K o 2 J is forbidden by strangeness conservation
(d) The decay K 0 o S S err- proceeds via weak interaction
0
21. A neutral pi meson S has a rest-mass of approximately 140 MeV/c2 and a lifetime of
W sec. A S0 produced in the laboratory is.found to decay after 1.25 W sec into two
photons. Which of the following sets represents a possible set of energies of the two
photons as seen in the laboratory? [GATE 2008]
(a) 70 MeV and 70 MeV (b) 35 MeV and 100 MeV
(c) 75MeV and 100 MeV (d) 25 MeV and 150 MeV
22. In the quark model which one of the following represents a proton? [GATE 2009]
(a) udd (b) uud (c) ub (d) cc
1 1 1 1
23. Let n and p denote the isospin state with I , I3 and I , I3 of a
2 2 2 2
nuclear respectively. Which one of the following two nuclear state has I 0, I 3 0?
1 1
(a) nn pp (b) nn pp [GATE 2009]
2 2
1 1
(c) np pn (d) np pn
2 2
24. The basic process underlying the neutron E -decay is : (GATE 2009]
(a) d o u e ve (b) d o u e (c) s o u e ve (d) u o d e ve
25. Match the reactions on the left with the associated interactions on the right: [GATE 2010]
(1) S o P vP (i) strong
(2) S0 o J J (ii) elctromagnetic
(3) S0 n o S p (iii) weak
(a) 1-iii, 2-ii, 3-i (b) 1-i,2-ii, 3-iii (c) 1-ii, 2-i, 3-iii (d) 1-iii, 2-i, 3-ii
26. The quark content of 6 , K S and p is indicated. [GATE 2010]

26
6 uus ; K su ; S du udd
In the process S p o K 6
Considering strong interactions only, which of the following is true?

(a) the process is allowed because, 'S 0
(b) the process is allowed because, 'I 3 0
(c) the process is not allowed because, 'S z 0, 'I3 z 0
(d) the process is not allowed because; 'S z 0 and 'I 3 z 0
27. A S0 meson at rest decays into two photons, which move long the x-axis. They are both
detected simultaneously after a time, t 10 s . In an inertial frame moving with a velocity
v 0.6c in the direction of one of the photons, the time interval between the two detections
is : [GATE 2010]
(a) 15 s (b) 0 s (c) 10 s (d) 20 s
28. The isospin and the strangeness of : baryon are : [GATE 2011]
(a) 1, –3 (b) 0, –3 (c) 1, 3 (d) 0, 3
29. Which one of the following sets corresponds to fundamental particles ? [GATE 2012]
(a) proton, electron and neutron (b) proton, electron and photon
(c) electron, photon and neutrino (d) quark, electron and meson
30. Choose the CORRECT statement from the following : [GATE 2012]
(a) Neutron interacts through eletromagnetic interaction
(b) Electron does not interact through weak interaction
(c) Neutrino interacts through weak and electromagnetic interaction
(d) Quark interacts through strong interaction but not through weak-interaction
31. The decay process n o p e ve violates : [GATE 2013]
(a) baryon number (b) lepton number (c) isospin (d) strangeness
32. The isospin (I) and baryon number (B) of the upquark is : [GATE 2013]
(a) I 1, B 1 (b) I 1, B 1 / 3 (c) I 1 / 2, B 1 (d) I 1 / 2, B 1 / 3
33. Consider the decay of a pion into a muon and an anti-neutrino S o P v e in the pion
rest frame. mS 139.6MeV / c 2 , mP 140 MeV / c 2 , mv 0 . The energy (in MeV), of

the emitted neutrino, to the nearest integer is ____ [GATE 2013]
34. Consider the process P P o S S . The minimum kinetic energy of the muons
P in the centre of mass frame required to produce the pion S pairs at rest is __ MeV..

27
(Given : m 105MeV / c 2 , mS 140 MeV / c 2 ) [GATE 2014]
35. Which one of the following three-quark states (qqqq), denoted by X, CANNOT be a
possible baryon? The corresponding electric charge is indicated in the superscript [GATE
2014]
(a) X (b) X (c) X (d) X
36. Which one of the following high energy p rocesses is allowed by conservation laws?
(a) p p o A0 A0 (b) S p o S0 S [GATE 2014]
(c) n o p e ve (d) P o e J
37. If the halt-life of an dement any particle moving with speed 0.9c in the laboratory frame
8 8
is 5 u108 s , then the proper half-life is _______ u10 s c 3 u 10 s
38. Which one ofthe following I.is a fermion? [GATE 2014]
(a) D particle (b) 4 Be 7 nucleus (c) hydrogen atom (d) deuteron
39. The decay P o e J is forbidden, because it violets. [GATE 2015]
(a) momentum and lepton number conservations

(b) baryon and lepton number conservations
(c) angular momentum conservation
(d) lepton number conservation

40. In the SU 3 quark model, the triplet of measons S S
0
S has : [GATE 2016]
(a) Isospin = 0, Strangeness = 0 (b) Isopin = 4, Strangeness = 0

(c) Isospin = ½, Strangeness = +1 (d) Isospin = ½, Strangeness = –1
1.(b) 2.(b) 3.(c) 4.(c) 5.(c) 6.(b) 7.(b)

8.(d) 9.(c) 10.(a) 11.(d) 12.(d) 13.(c) 14.(b)
15.(c) 16.(d) 17.(c) 18.(c) 19.(c) 20.(d) 21.()
22.(b) 23.(c) 24.(a) 25.(a) 26.(c) 27.() 28.(b)
29.(c) 30.(a) 31.(c) 32.(d) 33.(30) 34.(35) 35.(d)
36.(b) 37.(2.2) 38.(b) 39.(d) 40.(b)

1. A beam of pions S is incident on a proton target, giving rise to the process
S p o n S S [NET June 2011]

28
(A) Assuming that the decay proceeds through strong interactions, the total isospin I and
its third component I 3 for the decay products, are
3 3 5 5 5 3 1 1
(a) I , I3 (b) I , I3 (c) I , I3 (d) I , I3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
(B) Using isosp in symmetry, the cross-section for the above process can be related to
that o f the process
(a) S n o p S S (b) S p o n S S (c) S n o pS S (d) S p o nS S
2. Consider the decay process W o S VW in the rest frame of the W . The masses of
W , S and vW are M W , M n and zero repectively.. [NET June 2012]
(A) The energy of S is:
M W2 M S2 c2 M W2 M S2 c 2
2 2 2
(a) (d) (c) M W M S c (d) M WM S c2
2M W 2M W
(B) The velocity is S is:
M W2 M S2 c M W2 M S2 c M Sc M Wc
(a) (b) (c) M (d) M
M W2 M S2 M W2 M S2 W S
3. The dominant interactions underlying the following processes : [NET June 2012]
A. K p o 6 S B. P P o K K C. 6 o p S0 are
(a) A: strong, B: electromagnetic and C weak (b) A: strong, B : weak and C : weak
(c) A: weak, B: electromagnetic and C: strong
(d) A: weak, B: electromagnetic and C: weak
v
4. If a Higgs boson of mass mH with a speed E decays into a pair photons, then the
c
invariant mass of the photon pair is : [NET June 2012]
[Note: The invariant mass of a system of two particles with four momenta p1 and p2 is
2
p1 p2 ]
(a) EmH (b) mH (c) mH 1 E2 (d) E mH 1 E2
5. Consider the following particles: the proton p, the neutron n, the neutral pion S0 and the
delta resonance ' . When ordered in terms of decreasing lifetime, the correct
arrangement is as follows : [NET Dec. 2012]
(a) S0 , n, p, ' (b) p , n, ' , S0 (c) p , n, S0 , ' (d) ' , n, S 0 , p

29
6. The muon has mass 105 MeV/c2 and mean lifetime 2.2Ps in its rest frame. The mean
distance traversed by muon of energy 315 MeV/c2 before decaying is approximately.
[NET Dec. 2012]
(a) 3 u105 km (b) 2.2 cm (c) 6.6Pm (d) 1.98 km
7. A spin-1/2 particle A undergoes the decay A o B C D where it is known that B and

C are also spin-1/2 particles. The complete set of allowed values of the spin of the particle
D is : [NET June 2013]
1 3 5 1 1 3 5 7
(a) ,1 , 2, ,3,.... (b) 0, 1 (c) only (d) , , , ,....
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
8. Muons are produced through the annihilation of particle a and its antiparticle;:nattrely the
process a aG o P P . A ninon has a rest mass of 105 MeV/c2 and its proper life time
is 2Ps . If the center of mass energy of the collision is 2.1 GeV in the laboratory frame
that coincides with the center of mass frame, then the fraction of muons that will decay
before they reach a detector placed 6km away from the interaction point is : [NET June
(a) e1 (b) 1 e1 (c) 1 e2 (d) e10 2013]
* U o S S0
9. Consider the following ratios of the partial decay widths R1 and
* U o S S 0
* ' o S p
R2 . If the effects of electromagnetic and weak interactions are
* ' o S n
neglected, then R1 and R2 are, respectively,, [NET Dec. 2013]
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 2 (c) 2 and 1 (d) 1 and 1

10. The recently-discovered Higgs boson at the LHC experiment has a decay mode into a
photon and a Z boson. If the rest masses of the Higgs and Z boson are 125 GeV/c 2 and
90 GeV/c2 respectively, and the decaying Higgs particle is at rest, the energy of the
photon will approximately be : [NET June 2014]
(a) 35 3 GeV (b) 35 GeV (c) 30 GeV (d) 15 GeV

11. In a classical model, a scalar (spin 0) meson consists of a quark and an antiquark bound
b
by a potential V r ar , where a = 200 MeV fm–1 and b = 100 MeV fm. If the
r
masses of the quark and antiquark are negligible, the mass of the meson can be estimated
as approximately. [NET June 2014\
(a) 140 MeV/c2 (b) 283 MeV/c2 (c) 353 MeV/c2 (d) 425 MeV/c2
12. Consider the four process [NET Dec. 2014\
(i) p o n e ve (ii) / 0 o p e ve

30
(iii) S o e ve (iv) S0 o J J
Which of the above is/are forbidden for free particles?

(a) only (ii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (i) and (ii)
13. In deep inelastic scattering electrons are scattered ott protons to determine if a proton has
any internal structure. The energy of the electron for this must be at-least
[NET Dec. 2014]
(a) 1.25 u 109 eV (b) 1.25 u 1012 eV (c) 1.25 u 106 eV (d) 1.25 u 108 eV
2 2
14. The reaction 1 D 1 D o 24 He S0 cannot proceed via strong interactIons because it
violaies conservations of : [NET June 2015]
(a) angular momentum (b) electric charge (c) baryon number (d) isospin
15. The charm quark is assigned a charm quantum number C 1 . How should the Gellmann-
Nishijima formula for electric charge be modified for four flavours of quarks?
1 1
(a) I3 B S C (b) I 3 B S C [NET June 2015]
2 2
1 1
(c) I 3 B S C (d) I 3 BS C
2 2
16. Consider the following processes involving free particles. [NET Dec. 2015]
(i) n o p e ve (ii) p n o S
(iii) p n o S S0 S0 (iv) p ve o n e
Which of the following statements is true?

(a) Process (i) obeys all conservation laws
(b) Process (ii) conserves baryon number, but violates energy-momentum conservation
(c) Process (iii) is not allowed by strong interactions, but is allowed by weak interactions
(d) Process (iv) conserves baryon number, but violates lepton number conservation
17. The decay constants f p of the heavy pseudoscalar mesons, in the heavy quark limit, are
a
f
related to their masses in m p by the relation p m p , where a is an empirical
parameter to be determined. The values m p 6400 r 160 MeV and f p 180 r 15MeV
correspond to uncorrelated measurement of a meson. The error on the estimate of a is.
[NET June 2016]
(a) I 75 (MeV)3/2 (b) 900 (MeV)3/2 (c) 1200 (MeV)3/2 (d) 2400 (MeV)3/2
18. In the large hadron collider (LHC) two equal energy proton beams traverse in opposite
directions along a circular path of length 27 km. If the total center of mass energy of a

31
proton-proton pair is 14 TeV, which of the following is the best approxamation for the
proper time taken by a proton to traverse the entire path? [NET June 2016]
(a) 12 ns (b) 1.2Ps (c) 1.2 ns (d) 0.12Ps
1.A.(c) B.(b) 2.A.(b) B.(a) 3.(a) 4.(b) 5.(c)

6.(d) 7.(d) 8.(b) 9.(d) 10.(c) 11.(b) 12.(d)
13.(a) 14.(d) 15.(d) 16.(b) 17.(c) 18.(a)
TIFR Previous Year's Question
1. A spin 1 2 particle A decays to two other particles B and C. If B and C are of spin 1 2 and
spin-1 respectively, then a complete list of the possible values of dre-01-bital angular
momentum of the final state (i.e. B + C) is : [TIFR 2013]
1 3
(a) 0, 1 (b) , (c) 0, 1, 2 (d) 0, ±1
2 2
2. The interaction strength of the recently-discovered Riggs boson (mass approximately 125
GeV/c2) with any other elementary pacticle is proportional to the mass of that particle.
Which of the following decay processes will have the greatest probability? [TIFR 2014]
(a) Higgs boson decaying to a top quark a top anti-quark
(b) Higgs boson decaying to a bottom quark + a bottom anti-quark
(c) Higgs boson decaying to an electron and a positron
(d) Higgs boson decaying to a neutrino-antineutrino pair
3. Cosmic ray anions generated at the top of the Earth’s atmosphere decay according, to the
radioactive decay law : [TIFR 2014]
1 3
where , is the number of muons at time t, and T1/2 1.52Ps is the proper half-life of
2 2
the muon. Immediately after generating most of these muons shoot down towards the
Earth's surface. Some of these muons decay on the way, but their interaction with the
atmosphere is negligible.
An observer on the top of a mountain of height 2.0 km above mean sea level detects
muons with the speed 0.98c over a period of time and counts 1000 muons. The number of
muons of the same speed detected by an observer at mean sea level in the same period of
time would be :
(a) 232 (b) 539 (c) 839 (d) 983
4. A spin-2 nucleus absorbs a spin ½ electron and is then observed to decay to a stable
nucleus in two stages, recoiling against an emitted invisible particle in the first stage and
against an emitted spin-1 photons in the second stage. If the stable nucleus is spinless,
then the set of all possible spin values of the invisible particle is : [TIFR 2014]
(a) {1/2, 5/2} (b) {3/2, 7/9} (c) {3/2, 5/2} (d) {1/2, 3/2, 5/2,7/2}
5. Consider the following reaction involving elementary paiticle :

32
( A ) S p o K 6
(B) K p o K U
Which of the following statements is true for strong interactions? [TIFR 2015]
(a) (A) and (B) are both forbidden (b) (B) is allowed but (A) is forbidden
(c) (A) is allowed but (B) is forbidden (d) (A) and (B) are both allowed
6. In a fixed target experiment, a proton of total energy 200 GeV is bombarded on a proton
at rest and produces a nucleus Z and its anti-nucleus Z
AN AN
p p o ZA N ZA N p p
The heaviest nucleus Z that can be created has atomic mass number A =
AN
(a) 15 (b) 9 (c) 5 (d) 4
7. Consider the hyperon decay 1 A o S S0 followed 2 S0 o JJ . If the isospin cmponent

baryon number and strangeness quantum numbers are denoted by I Z , B and S
respectively, then which of the following statements is completely correct ?[TIFR 2016]
(a) In (1) I Z is not conserved, B is conserved, S is not conserved;
In (2) I Z is conserved, B is conserved, S is conserved
(b) In (1) I Z is conserved, B is not conserved, S is not conserved;
(c) In (1) I Z is not conserved, B is conserved, S is not conserved;
In (2) I Z is not conserved, B is conserved, S is conserved
(d) In (1) I Z is not conserved, B is conserved, S is conserved;
1.(c) 2.(b) 3.(b) 4.(d) 5.(a) 6.(b) 7.(a)

1. A K-meson (with a rest mass of 494 MeV) at rest decays into a muon (with a rest mass
of 106 MeV) and a neutrino. The energy of the neutrino, which can be taken as massless,
approximately : [JEST 2013]
(a) 120 MeV (b) 236 McV (c) 300 MeV (d) 388 MeV
2. The reaction e e o J is forbidden because. [JEST 2015]
(a) lepton number is not conserved (b) linear mementum is not conserved

33
(c) angular momentum is not conserved (d) charm is not conserved
1.(b) 2.(c)
1. The ratio FC / FG of the electostatic Coulomb force FC to the gravitational force FG
between the proton and the electron in the first Bohr orbit (or radius rB) of a hydrogen
atom is closest to the following value.
(a) 2 u1039 (b) 2 u1049 (c) 2 u 10 42 rB (d) 2 u 1035 / rB

2. In the large Hadron Collider (LHC) in CERN, protons will be accelerated to an energy of
7 TeV (tetraelectron volt), i.e., 7 u 1012 eV . (As a matter of fact, two proton beams, each
with 7 TeV will collide so that the energy of collision in the centre of mass frame is 14
TeV). The speed v of a proton of 7 TeV energy is in the range :
(a) 0.999999000c < v < 0.999999999c (b) 0.999900c < v < 0.99999c
(c) 0.9900c < v < 0.9999c (d) 0.90c < v < 0.99c
3. An 57
Fe nucleus decays from an excited state to the ground state by emitting a gamma
ray. The energy of the emitted photon is 14.4 eV when the nucleus is held fixed. If the
nucleus is free to recoil, then the energy of the photon emitted will be :
(a) lower by app roximately 2 keV (b) lower by approximately 2 meV
(c) higher by approximately 2 eV (d) higher by approximately 20 eV
(e) lower by approximately 20 meV
4. Muons of kinetic energy E are produced in collision with a target in a laboratory. The
mass of a muon is 106 MeV/c2 and its half-life is 1.4 u 106 s in its rest frame the minimum
value of E if more than half the muons created at the target are to each a detectro 840 m
away?
(e) 162 MeV
5. A free neutron is unstable and decays into a proton, an electron and anti neutrino :
n o p e ve . The rest masses of these particles may be taken to be mn 939.6 MeV ,
mp 938.3MeV , me 0.51MeV and mvG 0 , so that the change in the total test mass in
the decay is 0.79 MeV. If in a particular decay, the neutron as well as proton (created due
to decay) are at rest, then the energy of the anti-neutrino is :
(e) 0.40 MeV
1.(a) 2.(b) 3.(b) 4.(c) 5.(d) 6.(c)

34

1. An admissible potential between the proton and the neutron in a deutron is : [GATE 2000]
(a) Coulomb (b) Harmonic oscillator
(c) Finite square potential (d) Infinite square well
2. Nuclear forces are : [GATE 20002]
(a) spin dependent and have no non-central part
(d) spin dependent and have a non-central part
(c) spin independent and have no non-central part
(d) spin independent and have a non-central part
3. With reference to nuclear forces which of the following statements is NOT true? The
nuclear forces are [GATE 2005]
(a) short range (b) charge independent
(c) velocity dependent (d) spin independent
4. To explain the observed magnetic moment of neutron 0.0857P N , its ground state wave
function is taken to be an admixture of S and D states, the expectation values of the z-
component of the magnetic momenta in pure S and pure D-states are 0.8797P N and
0.3101P N respectively. The contribution of the D-state to the mixed ground state is
approximately : [GATE 2006]
(a) 40% (b) 4% (c) 0.4% (d) 0.04%
5. In the deuteritun + tritium d t fusion more energy is released as compared to deuterium

+ deuterium d d fusion because : [GATE 2007]
(a) tritium is radioactive

(b) more nucleus participate in fusion
(c) the coulomb parrier is lower for the d t syslem then d d system
(d) the reaction product 4 He is more tightly bound

6. A heavy nucleus is found to contain more neutrons than protons. This fact is related to
which one of the fclowing statement : [GATE 2008]
(a) the nuclear force between neutrons is stronger than that between protons
(b) the nuclear force between protons is of a shorter range than those between neutrons,
so that a smaller number of protons are held together by held together by the nuclear
force
(c) protons are unstable, to their number in a nucleus dimisishes
(d) it costs more energy to add a proton to a (heavy) nucleus than a neutron because of
the Coulomb repulsion between protons
7. Pick the wrong statement : [GATE 2009]

35
(a) the nuclear force is independent of electric charge
1 §m ·
(b) the Yukawa potential is proportinoal to r exp ¨ r ¸ Where, r is the seperation
©h ¹
between two nucleons.
(c) The range of nuclear force is of the order of 1015 1014 m

(d) the nucleons interact among each other by the exchange of mesons.
8. The ground state wavefunction of deuteron is in a superposition of s and d states. Which
of the following is NOT true as a consequence? [GATE 2010]
(a) It has a non-zero quadruple moment
(b) The neutron-proton potential is non-central
(c) The orbital wavefunction is not spherically symmetric
(d) The Hamiltonian does not conserve the angular momentum
9. To detect trace amounts of a gaseous species in a mixture of gases, the preferred probing
tools is : [GATE 2010]
(a) ionization spectroscopy with X-rays (b) NKR spectroscopy
(c) ESR spectroscopy (d) laser spectroscopy
10. A neutron passing through a detector is detected because of : [GATE 2011]
(a) the ionization it produces (b) the scintillation light it produces
(c) the electron-hole pair it produces
(d) the secondary particles produced in a nuclear reaction in the detector medium
11. In case of a Geiger-Muller (GM) counter, which one of the following statements is
CORRECT? [GATE 2012]
(a) Multiplication factor of the detector is of the order of 1010

(b) Type of the particles detected can be identified
(c) Energy o f the particles detected can be distinguished
(d) Operating voltage of the detector is few tens of Volts
12. Deuteron has only one bound state with spin parity V, isospin 0 and electric quadrupole
moment 0 286 efm2. These data suggest that the nuclear forces are having: [GATE 2012]
(a) only spin and isospin dependence
(b) no spin dependence and no tensor components
(c) spin dependence but no tensor comportents
(d)spindeppcieuce.alongyyith tensor component
13. Consider the scattering of neutrons by protons at very low energy due to a nuclear potential
of range r2 . Given that : [GATE 2013]
J
cot kr0 G
O

36
where G is the phase shift, k the wave number and state wave function, the phase shift is:
k k S S
(a) G kr0 (b) G kr0 (c) G kr0 (d) G kr0
J J 2 2
14. The value of the magnetic field required to maintain non relativistic protons of energy 1
MeV in a circular orbit of radius 100 mm is ____ Tesla. [GATE 2014]
(Given: m p 1.67 u 10 27 kg , e 1.6 u 10 19 C )
15. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? [GATE 2016]

(a) A deuteron can be disintegrated by irradiating it with gamma rays of energy 4 MeV
(b) A deuteron has no excited states
(c) A deuteron has no electric quadrupole moment
(d) The 1 S0 state of deuteron cannot be formed
16. An alpha particle is accelerated in a cyclotron. it leaves the cyclotron with a kinetic
energy of 16 MeV. The potential different between the D electrodes is 50 kilovolts. The
number of revolutions the alpha particle makes in its spiral path before it leaves the
cyclotron is : [GATE 2016]
1.(d) 2.(b) 3.(d) 4.(b) 5.(a) 6.(d) 7.(c)

8.(d) 9.(c) 10.(d) 11.(a) 12.(d) 13.(a) 14.(1.44)
15.(c) 16.(80)
1. An atom of mass M can be excited to a state of mass M ' by proton capture. The
frequency of a photon which can cause this transition is : [NET Dec. 2011]
(a) 'c2 / 2h (b) 'c 2 / h
(c) ' 2c 2 / 2Mh (d) ' ' 2 M c 2 / 2Mh
1.(d)
1. An atom is capable of existing, in two states a ground state of mass M and an excited
state of mass M ' . If the transtion from the ground state to the excited state proceeds
by the absorption of a photon, the pheton frequency in the laboratory frame (where the
atom is initially at rest) is : [TIFR 2010]
'c 2 'c 2 § ' · Mc 2 'c 2 § ' ·

(a) (b) ¨1 ¸ (c) (d) ¨1 ¸
h h © 2M ¹ h h © 2M ¹

37
Mc 2 § ' · Mc 2 § ' ·
(e) ¨1 ¸ (f) ¨1 ¸
h © 2M ¹ h © 2M ¹
1 3
2. Given that the ionization energies of hydrogen H and Lithium Li are 13.6 eV and
5.39 eV, respectively. the effective nuclear charge experienced by the valence electron
of a 3 Li atom may be estimated in terms of the proton charge e as: [TIFR 2011]
(a) 0.63 e (b) 1.26 e (c) 1.59 e (d) 3.00 e
1.(b) 2.(b)
1. The binding energy of the k shell electron in a Uranium atom (Z = 92, A = 238) will be
modified due to (i) screening caused by other electrons and (ii) the finite extent of the
nucleus as follows : [JEST 2013]
(a) increases due to (i), remains unchanged due to (ii)
(b) decreases due to (i), decreases due to (ii)
(c) increases due to (i), increases eut to (ii)
(d) decreases due to (i), remains unchanged due to (ii)
2. A hydrogen atom in its ground state is collided with an electron of kinetic energy 13 .377
eV. The maximum factor by which the radius of the atom would increase is[JEST 2014]
(a) 7 (b) 8 (c) 49 (d) 64
3. If the Rydberg constant of an atom of finite. nuclear mass is DRf where Rf is the
Rydberg constant corre-sponding to an infinite nuclear mass, the ratio of the electronic to
nuclear mass of the atom is : [JEST 2016]
1 D D 1 1
(a) (b) (c) 1 D (d)
D D D
1.(b) 2.(d) 3.(a)

1. A proton moves in a circular orbit in a plane which is perpendicular to a uniform magnetic
field of strength B. When the kinetic energy of the proton changes from 0.25m p c 2 to
m p c 2 (where m p is the rest mass of the proton) the fregency of rotation changes from
Z1 to Z2 . The ratio Z1 / Z2 is :
1.(c)


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1

Assignment -1 : Basic Properties of Nuclei

238.0508 a.m.u., respectively. The binding energy of 238 is therefore approximately

keV keV MeV MeV

An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

1.(d) 2.(d) 3.(a) 4.(b) 5.(d) 6.(b) 7.(a)

(A) The radius of a 27 nucleus can be estimated to be

2. The intrinsic electrric dipole moment of a nucleus A [NET Dec. 2013]

(a) increases with Z, but independent of A (b)decreases with Z but independent of A

1.(A)(c) (B)(c) 2.(c)

(a) 7 (b) 16 (c) 4 (d) 14

An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

Other Examinations Previous Year's Questions

2. A neutron of mass mn 10 27 kg is moving inside a nucleus. Assume the nucleus to be a

| 1013 J . An estimate of the energy in MeV of the neutron is:

An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

6. According to the uncertainty principle, the kinetic energy of an electron confined to a

(a) 10 10 J (b) 10 12 J (c) 10 14 J (d) 10 16 J

1.(b) 2.(c) 3.(c) 4.(b) 5.(b) 6.(d) 7.(d)

3. The nuclear spins of 6 C14 and 12 Mg

6. The ground state angular momentum and parity of 41

An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

8. Ccording to shell model, the ground state of 15 nucleus is : [GATE 2005]

9. According to the shell model the ground state spin of the 17

(a) (i) 10 Ne 20 nucleus, (ii) stable nucleus;

(b) (i) a spheroidal nucleus, (ii) an electric quadrupole moment;

An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

(a) 1.39' MeV c 2 (b) 1.39'  0.5 MeV c 2

(c) 1.86' MeV c 2 (d) 1.6'  0.87 MeV c 2

Here, f A is a function of A. [GATE 2009]

(a) Nmn  Zm p (b) Nm p  Zmn

An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

16. The first three energy level of 238

(a) 1 / Q (b) 2 /Q (c) 3/Q (d) 6 /Q

An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

(a) J  1 / 2 (b) J  1 / 2 (c) J / 2 (d)  J / 2

1.(d) 2.(c) 3.(a) 4.(a) 5.(d) 6.(a) 7.(a)

An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

CSIR-UGC-NET Previous Year's Questions

[NET Dec. 2012]

An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

(a) 68 (b) 72 (c) 84 (d) 92

(a) 125 (b) 125 (c) 125 (d) 125

(a) 2 : 3 (b) 4 : 3 (c) 5 : 3 (d) 3 : 2

(a) 1.913P N (b) 14.414P N (c) 4.793P N (d) 0 June 2016]

1.(b) 2.(d) 3.(b) 4.(a) 5.(a) 6.(b) 7.(c)

(a) V v A, S v A2/3 , C v A1/3 , P v A3/4 [TIFR 2015]

(b) V v A, S v A1/3 , C v A1/3 , P v A3/4

(c) V v A, S v A2/3 , C v A1/3 , P v A3/4

(d) V v A2 , S v A2/3 , C v A1/3 , P v A3/4

An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

(a) D3 (b) D 4 (c) D 4  D3 (d) D1  D 2

An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

(a) independent of p (b) proportion to pdp

(c) proportional to p 2 dp (d) proportional to p 3dp

proton m p 938.27 MeV / c 2 and rest mass of neutron mn 939.57 MeV / c 2 )

(a) In the laboratory, proton is produced at rest [GATE 2008]

An Institute for NET/JRF Physical Science,

12. In the E  decay process, the transition 2 o 3 , is : [GATE 2013]

1.(b) 2.(c) 3.(c) 4.(b) 5.(c) 6.(d) 7.(a)

2. A neutron of mass mn 10 27 kg is moving inside a nucleus. Assume the nucleus to be a

| 1013 J . An estimate of the energy in MeV of the neutron is:

(a) 10 10 J (b) 10 12 J (c) 10 14 J (d) 10 16 J

(a) 1.39' MeV c 2 (b) 1.39' 0.5 MeV c 2

(c) 1.86' MeV c 2 (d) 1.6' 0.87 MeV c 2

(a) Nmn Zm p (b) Nm p Zmn

(a) J 1 / 2 (b) J 1 / 2 (c) J / 2 (d) J / 2

(a) 1.913P N (b) 14.414P N (c) 4.793P N (d) 0 June 2016]

(a) V v A, S v A2/3 , C v A1/3 , P v A3/4 [TIFR 2015]

(b) V v A, S v A1/3 , C v A1/3 , P v A3/4

(c) V v A, S v A2/3 , C v A1/3 , P v A3/4

(d) V v A2 , S v A2/3 , C v A1/3 , P v A3/4

(a) D3 (b) D 4 (c) D 4 D3 (d) D1 D 2

12. In the E decay process, the transition 2 o 3 , is : [GATE 2013]

(a) 10 4 gm (b) 10 2 gm (c) 10 6 gm (d) 10 3 gm

(a) v 1 (b) v (c) v1/2 (d) v1/2

can occur is (use e 2 / 4 SH 0 1.44 u 109 K e 2 / 4 SH 0 1.44 u 1015 MeV in)

A 16PA beam of alpha particles, having cross-sectional area 104 m2 , is incident on a

4. The process of electron capture p e o n ve [TIFR 2013]

into E , which is obviously not possible

(a) 11 H 11 H o 22 He (b) 12 H 11 H o32 He

(c) 11 H 11 H o12 H e ve (d) 11 H 11 H 11 H 11 H o 42 He 2e

(a) Both p o n e ve and p e o n ve

(b) Both p o n e ve and n o p e ve

(c) Only p o n e ve (d) Only p e o n ve

1. Identify the reaction which has the same transition probability as S p o S p

(a) S n o S n (b) S p o S0 n [GATE 2000]

(a) e e o ve vGe (b) e p o ve n

(c) e n o p ve (d) P o e ve vGe

(a) p o n e (b) p o e ve (c) p o S J (d) p n o S S 0

(a) The reaction K K o pp can proceed irrespective of the kinetic energies of K

(b) The reaction K K o 2 J ICK- pp is forbidden by the Baryon number conservation

(c) The reaction K K o 2 J is forbidden by strangeness conservation

(d) The decay K 0 o S S err- proceeds via weak interaction

(a) d o u e ve (b) d o u e (c) s o u e ve (d) u o d e ve