EMS Grilon

Grilon
Premium polyamide
Table of contents
2
3 Introduction
4 Grilon – nomenclature
5 Application examples
11 Grilon reinforced with long glass fibres –
a new product group
13 Grilon – the product range
14 Properties
36 Design data – short-term behaviour

41 Design data – long-term behaviour
43 Resistance to chemicals
44 Resistance to weathering
45 Resistance to heat ageing
46 Approvals
48 Storage and drying

50 Injection moulding
51 Extrusion
53 Extrusion blow moulding
55 Post-treatment
57 Services and technical support

58 Using our test laboratories
59 CAMPUS
60 Quality standards
61 Product lines
62 Delivery form
63 Index
64 EMS-GRIVORY worldwide
2
Introduction
Grilon® is the brand name for engineering plastics Due to their excellent properties, these materials can be
based on polyamide 6 and polyamide 66 and manu- used in a wide variety of application segments such as
factured by EMS-GRIVORY. the automotive industry, electrical / electronic techno-
logy, sport and leisure as well as in mechanical engi-
With the manufacture of special polyamide 6 + polyam- neering.
ide 66 alloys, EMS-GRIVORY has succeeded in further
improving the already outstanding properties of Grilon. The various Grilon grades differ from each other accord-
ing to the type and composition of the basic polymers
The products in this group are semi-crystalline poly- as well as their modification with stabilisers, processing
amide materials characterised by the following proper- aids and reinforcing materials (minerals, glass, carbon
ties: and steel fibres).
• high strength and stiffness Grade families

• high impact strength Grilon A 66
• high heat deflection temperature Grilon B 6
• good abrasion and surface slip (friction) properties Grilon TS 66 + 6
• resistance to many chemicals
• good electrical properties
• economic processing
Grilon is perfectly suited for processing using injection

moulding, extrusion and extrusion blow-moulding me- EMS-GRIVORY – Your partner
thods. for tailor-made solutions
3
Grilon – nomenclature
4
Extrusion Injection moulding
Block 1 A polyamide 66 Block 1 A polyamide 66

B polyamide 6 B polyamide 6
TS PA66 + PA6 alloy TS PA66 + PA6 alloy
Block 2 S standard injection moulding grade Block 2 G reinforced with glass fibres
Z impact-modified K reinforced with glass beads
R extrusion/raw M reinforced with minerals
F film quality C reinforced with carbon fibres
EB extrusion blow-moulding grade GM reinforced with glass fibres/minerals
BM barrier polyamide GK reinforced with glass fibres/glass beads
BT alloy EB extrusion blow-moulding grade
MB masterbatch ..Z impact modification adjustments
GL reinforced with glass fibres/long fibre
Block 3 1.. slight impact modification
2.. impact-modified Block 3 10 to 60 10 to 60% reinforcement
3.. high impact modification
.23 low viscosity Block 4 S improved surface quality
.34, .40 higher viscosity H specially heat stabilised
.47, .50 high viscosity UV UV stabilised
VO self-extinguishing as per UL 94
Block 4 S improved surface quality FR flame-retardant
H specially heat stabilised HM adhesion-modified
UV UV stabilised W heat ageing stability
VO self-extinguishing as per UL 94 EC electrically conductive
FR flame-retardant LF low sliding friction
HM adhesion-modified FA suitable for foodstuffs
W containing plasticiser LW suitable for laser marking and lettering
EC electrically conductive ELX elastomer
LF low sliding friction X special modification
FA suitable for foodstuffs
LW suitable for laser marking and lettering
ELX elastomer
X special modification
Example, non-reinforced: Example, reinforced:

black
B R Z 3 4 7 W natural TSGK - 30/4 X 9832
Colour, natural Colour, black 9832

Contains plasticiser special modification
High viscosity Variant 4
High impact modification 30% reinforcement
Impact modification adjustment Reinforced with glass fibres/
Extrusion glass beads
Polyamide 6 PA 66 + PA 6 alloy
4
Application examples
Electrical / electronics technology
Examples Suitable grades

Airbag connector Grilon BG-30/2
Automatic fuse, isolating switch Grilon BS V0, Grilon TS V0
Battery holder Grilon TSM-30
Battery switch Grilon BGM-65 X V0
Cable clamps Grilon BG-30S, Grilon BG-50S
Cable support, aircraft Grilon BS V0
Cable support, power lines Grilon TSG-50/4
Cable sheathing Grilon R 50 H NZ, Grilon BRZ 347 W
Cable ties Grilon TSS, Grilon TSZ 1, Grilon TS V0
Carbon brush holder Grilon TSG-30/4, Grilon TSG-50/4, Grilon BG-40 HM
CEE plug Grilon TSZ 3
Circuit board holder Grilon BS/2, Grilon AS/2
Coil formers (electric motors) Grilon TSM-30, Grilon TS V0, Grilon AS/2
Computer plug Grilon TS V0
Corrugated pipe fittings Grilon BS V0, Grilon TS V0
Door isolation switch Grilon AG-25 HM
Electrical plug Grilon AS V0, Grilon BS V0, Grilon TS V0, Grilon BG-30 S,
Grilon AS/2, Grilon BS/2, Grilon BZ 1/2, Grilon BZ 3
Electrical socket Grilon TS FR
Handles, power tools Grilon BG-40 HM
Housing components, controls Grilon BG-30 S
Housing components Grilon BG-30 S, Grilon BG-30, Grilon BG-50 S, Grilon BG-40 HM,
(power tools) Grilon TSG-30, Grilon BGZ-30/2, Grilon BZ 1/2, Grilon BGK-30X
Micro-motor housing Grilon BK-30, Grilon BK-50, Grilon TSM-30
Plug connectors for rail vehicles Grilon BGM-65 X V0, Grilon BS V0
Radio housing (military) Grilon BGZ-30/2
Relay chassis Grilon BGM-65 X V0, Grilon BGK-30 X, Grilon TSGK-30 X
Switch, functional parts Grilon TSG-30/4, Grilon BG-50 S, Grilon BT 40 Z
Switch housing Grilon BG-40 HM, Grilon TS V0, Grilon TSG-30 FR
Terminal blocks Grilon AS V0, Grilon TS V0
Transformer housing Grilon TSGK-30 X
Vacuum cleaner nozzle Grilon BZ 1/2
Warning lamp (socket) Grilon BT 40 Z
5
6
Automotive and transport

Acoustic insulation Grilon BRZ 323 ELX
Aerial housing Grilon TSZ 1
Aerial motor housing Grilon TSM-30
Airbag clips Grilon TSZ 3
Airbag components Grilon BG-30 S
Air-filter housing, truck Grilon BG-30 S
Air intake components (flexible) Grilon ELX 40 H NZ, Grilon ELX 50 H NZ
Air intake components (stiff) Grilon TSK-30/4, Grilon EB 50 H, Grilon EB 50 H DZ, Grilon R 50 H NZ,
Grilon EBV-15H, Grilon EBV-2H, Grilon EBVZ-15H, Grilon RVZ-15H.1
Air intakes Grilon BG-30, Grilon TSG-30/4
Bearing bushes Grilon TSC-20/4 EC
Bellows, sliding roof Grilon BG-30 HM, Grilon BG-40 HM
Bicycle brake lever Grilon BG-30 S, Grilon BG-50 S, Grilon BGZ-30/2, Grilon BGZ-50/2
Bicycle carrier components Grilon BZ 3
Bicycle fasteners Grilon BS
Bicycle gearing components Grilon BGZ-30/2
Bicycle pedal clip Grilon BS/2
Bicycle shoes / soles Grilon BG-30 S
Bowden cables Grilon AZ 3/2
Bracket for air intake Grilon BGZ-30/2
Bracket for motorbike control cable Grilon TSGZ-30
Brake fluid container Grilon BS/2
Cable ducts Grilon TSZ 1
Cable holders Grilon BG-30 S, Grilon BG-50 S, Grilon TSG-30/4
Car headlight levelling sensor Grilon BG-50 H, Grilon BG-50 HM
Chain links, ski-slope grooming machine Grilon AZ 3/2
Clutch ring Grilon AG-25 HM
Connectors, central locking Grilon BT 40 Z
Control joystick (excavator) Grilon BG-50 HM
Cooling circuit connectors Grilon BG-50 H
Cover for middle arm rest Grilon TSGK-30 X
Cup holder Grilon BG-15 HM
Door handle escutchion Grilon TSS
Engine cover Grilon BGM-40 X, Grilon TSM-30
Engine stabiliser bar Grilon TSC-20/4 EC
Fan blades (shield) Grilon TSGZ-50, TSZ 1
Fastening clips Grilon TSS, Grilon BZ 1, Grilon TSZ 1, Grilon AS V0
Filler neck Grilon BRZ 347 W, Grilon ELX 50 H NZ
Fuel tank cap Grilon TSG-30, Grilon BG-25 S
Gear sensors Grilon BG-50 H
6

Glove compartment handle Grilon BG-15 S, Grilon BG-30 S
Headrest guide Grilon TSZ 1
Hinge, convertible roof Grilon BT 40 Z
Hydraulic oil container for power steering Grilon BS/2, Grilon BG-15 S, Grilon TSG-30
Indicator lamp housing Grilon BT 40 Z
Indicator lever Grilon BG-15 S, Grilon BG-50 S
Injection rail Grilon BGZ-30/2, Grilon BGZ-30
Inner layer of freon lines Grilon BZ 3/2
Inner layer of fuel lines Grilon BRZ 247 W, Grilon BRZ 347 W
Interior mirror control housing Grilon TSS
Interior trim Grilon BG-30
Jack retainer Grilon BG-30 S
Loudspeaker grill Grilon TSS
Mobile phone console Grilon TSZ 1
Motorbike handlebar grips Grilon BG-15 S
Mud guard / bumper supports Grilon TSG-30/4
Oil dipstick Grilon BGZ-30/2, TSGZ-30
Oil filler pipe Grilon TSG-30/4, Grilon R 50 H NZ, Grilon EBV-15H
Pipe sheathing Grilon ELX 50 H NZ
Plunger, vacuum container Grilon TSZ 1
Pressure sensor Grilon BZ 3/2
Radiator cap Grilon TSG-30/4
Radiator grille Grilon BGM-40 X
Rear bumper stop Grilon BGZ-30
Rear seat lock housing Grilon BS
Rear view mirror holder Grilon TSG-50/4
Release lever, rear seat Grilon BG-15 S
Seat belt guide / bracket Grilon TSZ 1
Seat belt holder Grilon BG-15 HM
Seat lever Grilon BG-30 S
Steering column lock housing Grilon BG-30 S
Stone chip protection Grilon BS/2
Tank cap Grilon TSM-30
Taxi-meter housing Grilon TSGZ-30
Toothed belt cover Grilon TSM-30
Truck foot rest (cabin step) Grilon TSS/4
Turbo charger pipe (flexible) Grilon ELX 50 H NZ
Turbo charger pipe (stiff) Grilon EBV-15H, Grilon EBV-2H, Grilon RVZ-15H.1
Under-bonnet electronic housing Grilon BG-40 HM, Grilon BG-30 S
7
8

Underfloor cover, fuel line Grilon BS
Release handle, rear window Grilon BG-40 HM
Release handle, seats Grilon BZ 3
Fuel vent flap Grilon TSM-30
Fuel vent line Grilon BRZ 340 H
Fuel vent screw Grilon B -50 S
Vulcanisation mandrel for rubber hoses Grilon BRZ 247 W
Door mirror housing (painted) Grilon BG-30 S
2-component gearshift Grilon BG-40 HM
2-component gearshift grommet/boot Grilon BG-30 HM
Mechanical engineering

Blade holder for lawnmower Grilon AZ 3/2
Gear wheels Grilon BS/2, Grilon BK-50
Gear wheels (clocks) Grilon TSG-30
Corrugated pipe guides Grilon TSS/4 LF 20
Fastening plate for rubber retainers
Grilon BR 40 W
(gas mask)
Pneumatic lines Grilon BRZ 334 H, Grilon BRZ 247 W, Grilon BRZ 347 W
Screwdriver handles Grilon BZ 1
Sliding sleeves Grilon TSS/4 LF 2, Grilon TSS/4 LF 20
Sliding rollers Grilon TSS/4
Steering ring Grilon TSC-30/4 EC
Thread guide for spinning machines Grilon TSC-30/4 EC
Tool handles Grilon BGZ-30/2, Grilon BGZ-50/2, Grilon BG-50 S
Conveyor belts Grilon BR 40 W, Grilon BRZ 323 ELX
Turning blades for newspaper machines Grilon TSC-30/4 EC
Wheel hub (lawnmower) Grilon TSGZ-15
8
Construction, sanitary fittings

Edge cutter for roll of string Grilon TSGZ-15
Escalator trim Grilon BT 40 Z
Extrusion profiles Grilon BZ 3/2
Filter bowl Grilon BGZ-30/2
Flowmeters Grilon BS
Furniture fittings Grilon BZ 3/2, Grilon BG-30, Grilon BG-25 S,
Grilon BG-50 S, Grilon BK-30, Grilon BS, Grilon BS/2, Grilon AS
Gas bottle valve caps Grilon BZ 3/2, Grilon AZ 3
Lever for gas fittings Grilon TSG-50/4
Manometer housing Grilon TSG-30/4, Grilon BGZ-30/2
Wall plugs / dowels Grilon BZ 1, Grilon BZ 1/2
Water tap caps Grilon BS
Sport & optics

Blade holder for ice skates Grilon AZ 3/2
Bowling skittle Grilon BZ 3
Damping elements for Grilon AZ 3/2
tennis and squash racquets
Fishing reel spool Grilon BK-30
Floats (fishing) Grilon BS 23
Gun chassis Grilon BGZ-30/2, Grilon BG-15 HM
Handles for pocket knives Grilon BT 40 Z
Intermediate plate for ice stock stones Grilon BGZ-30
Model car parts Grilon BS/2, Grilon BZ 1/2, Grilon BGZ-30/2
Parts for inline and roller skates Grilon BGZ-15
Parts for rubber dinghies Grilon BS/2, Grilon AS
Ski binding components Grilon BZ 3/2, Grilon BGZ-50/2
Ski boot spoiler Grilon AZ 3
Soles for sports shoes Grilon BR 40 W
Surfboard fin Grilon BG-50 S
Tripod components Grilon BZ 1
9
10
Household & optics

Base plate for bread slicer Grilon BK-30
Blade guide for cutter Grilon BS
Canister grips Grilon BG-30 S
Carrying handles for plastic boxes Grilon BG-50 S
Chair and suitcase rollers Grilon BS, Grilon BZ 3/2
Chair backrest Grilon BS, Grilon BS/2
Coffee machine components Grilon BG-30 S, Grilon BG-30
Cooking utensils Grilon BS, Grilon AS
Dishwasher casing Grilon BG-30
Domestic appliance components Grilon BG-30, Grilon BK-30
Floating level controller Grilon BG-50 S
Foot mats Grilon BRZ 323 ELX
Knife handles Grilon BG-25 S, Grilon BK-30, Grilon BT 40 Z
Nutcrackers Grilon TSG-50
Pen caps Grilon BZ 1/2
Rolling pin Grilon BK-50
Safety glasses Grilon BZ 3/2, Grilon BT 40 Z
Security ties Grilon BZ 1/2
Spectacle frames Grilon AS, Grilon BT 40 Z
Spider for office chair Grilon BG-30 S
Suitcase lock Grilon AZ 3
Tin opener Grilon TSG-30, Grilon TSG-50
Miscellaneous

Badges Grilon TSZ 1
Containers for agrochemicals Grilon BFZ 3
Dental filling preparation device Grilon BG-40 HM
Ear tags Grilon BS 23, Grilon BS/2, Grilon BZ 1, Grilon BZ 3/2
Parts for milking machines Grilon BS, Grilon BT 40 Z
Pneumatic dispatch system covers Grilon AZ 3
Protective packaging frames Grilon TSG-50/4
Scarecrows Grilon BGZ-30/2
Shell for fireman's helmet Grilon AZ 3
10
Grilon reinforced with long glass fibres – a new product group
Grilon TSGL Compared to TSG materials reinforced with short glass

Grilon TSGL is a group of materials where the poly- fibres such as Grilon TSG-50, TSGL products have a
amide matrix is reinforced with long glass fibres. These notched impact strength which is approximately 2.5
materials exhibit the same special properties as those of times higher. This can be attributed to the internal fibre
Grilon TSG materials reinforced with short glass fibres skeleton (three-dimensional glass fibre network) of the
such as, easy processing, high stiffness and good resis- component which is revealed when the component is
tance to chemicals. In addition, they exhibit significantly reduced to ash (see picture).
improved notched impact strength and creep tendency
due to reinforcement with long glass fibres. The proper-
ties remain at a high level even after moisture absorp-
tion and at increased temperatures.
Notched impact strength

of TSG long fibre products
45
Notched impact strength [kJ/m2]
40 -30°C
23°C
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
TSGL-40 TSGL-50 TSGL-60 TSG-50
11
12
What is particularly remarkable is, that the increase in Grilon TSGL reinforced with long glass fibres also ex-
notched impact strength does not result in any loss in hibits an excellent heat deflection temperature. Com-
stiffness. This is not possible in the case of conventional pared to Grilon TSG, the heat deflection temperature in
impact-modified products because their elastomer com- accordance with ISO 75C (8 MPa) is 30°C to 40°C
ponents absorb energy which always leads to a loss in higher.
stiffness.
The fibre-felt structure increases the resistance to crack-
ing. Compared to materials reinforced with short glass
fibres, the propagation of cracks is substantially re-
Notched impact strength
PA-GF mod. PA-LFT duced. As a result, a test plate in an impact penetration

test is not fragmented but instead just shows a hinge
fracture (see diagram).
PA-GF
Stiffness (E modulus)
12
Grilon – the range
Modification PA 6 PA 66 PA 66+6 Page
Non-reinforced 14/15
Non-reinforced, impact-modified 16/17
Reinforced with glass fibres 18 – 21

Injection moulding
Reinforced with glass fibres, impact-modified 22/23
Reinforced with glass fibres, adhesion-modified 22/23
Reinforced with glass beads, minerals, hybrid 24/25
Self-extinguishing 26/27
Sliding bearing materials, conductive 28/29
LFT, reinforced with long fibres 30/31

Extrusion
Flexible grades 32/33
Extrusion blow-moulding materials 34/35
13
Properties
Injection moulding, non-reinforced
Mechanical properties
Tensile E modulus 1 mm/min ISO 527 MPa

14
dry
cond.
dry
Yield stress 50 mm/min ISO 527 MPa
cond.
dry
Yield strain 50 mm/min ISO 527 %
cond.
dry
Stress at break 50 mm/min ISO 527 MPa
cond.
dry
Strain at break 50 mm/min ISO 527 %
cond.
dry
Impact strength Charpy, 23°C ISO 179/2-1eU kJ/m2
cond.
dry
Impact strength Charpy, -30°C ISO 179/2-1eU kJ/m2
cond.
dry
Notched impact strength Charpy, 23°C ISO 179/2-1eA kJ/m2
cond.
dry
Notched impact strength Charpy, -30°C ISO 179/2-1eA kJ/m2
cond.
dry
Ball indentation hardness ISO 2039-1 MPa
cond.
Thermal properties
Melt temperature DSC ISO 11357 °C dry
Heat deflection temperature HDT/A 1.80 MPa ISO 75 °C dry
Heat deflection temperature HDT/B 0.45 MPa ISO 75 °C dry
Heat deflection temperature HDT/C 8.00 MPa ISO 75 °C dry
Thermal expansion coefficient, long. 23–55°C ISO 11359 10-4/K dry
Thermal expansion coefficient, trans. 23–55°C ISO 11359 10-4/K dry
Max. working temperature long-term ISO 2578 °C dry
Max. working temperature short-term ISO 2578 °C dry
Electrical properties
dry
Dielectric strength IEC 60243-1 kV/mm
cond.
Comparative tracking index CTI IEC 60112 cond.
dry
Specific volume resistivity IEC 60093 Ω m •
cond.
Specific surface resistivity IEC 60093 Ω cond.
General properties
Density ISO 1183 g/cm3 dry
Flammability (UL 94) 0.8 mm IEC 60695-11-10 Rating
Water absorption 23°C/sat. ISO 62 %
Moisture absorption 23°C/50% r.h. ISO 62 %
Linear mould shrinkage long. ISO 294 % dry
Linear mould shrinkage transverse ISO 294 % dry
Product designation as per ISO 16396
14
Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon
BS 23 BS BS/2 BR 40 AS/2 TSS TSS/4
3300 3000 3300 3300 3700 2700 3000
1300 1000 1100 900 1700 750 1100
- 90 90 90 95 70 80
- 40 45 40 60 40 50
- 4 3 4 4 4 5
- 15 15 25 12 15 15
85 60 70 60 80 45 55
- 55 55 55 50 60 50
4.5 15 5 10 10 25 15
> 50 > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50
120 no break no break no break no break no break no break
no break no break no break no break no break no break no break
4.5 5 4 6 4 8 6
20 30 20 35 12 35 40
4.5 5 4 7 4 6 6
3 4 3 4 4 7 5
- 120 140 140 150 135 145
- 55 60 60 85 45 65
222 222 222 222 260 260 260

60 60 55 55 75 55 65
185 175 170 170 225 140 220
- - - - - - -
0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.7
0.9 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.8
80–100 70–90 70–90 80–100 80–100 80–100 80–100
160 180 180 180 220 200 220
24 30 30 30 29 26 28
22 27 28 28 27 25 26
600 600 600 600 600 600 600
10 12
10 11
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 11
1012
1011 109 1011 1011 1011 109 1011
10 12
10 11
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 10
1012
1.14 1.13 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.13

V-2 HB HB HB HB HB HB
9 9 9 9 8 9 8
3 3 3 3 2 3 2.5
0.80 1.00 0.80 0.95 0.75 1.15 1.25
1.05 1.30 0.95 1.05 1.20 1.30 1.45
PA6, MR, PA6, MHR, PA6, MR, PA6, GHR, PA66, MR, PA66+PA6, MHR, PA66+PA6, MHR,
12-030 N 14-030 N 18-030 N 27-030 N 14-040 N 14-030 N 14-030 N
The “conditioned” test values were determined using test specimens stored in accordance with ISO 1110
15
Properties
Injection moulding, non-reinforced, impact-modified

16
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
Thermal properties
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
General properties
16
Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon
BZ 1 BZ 1/2 BZ 3 BZ 3/2 BT 40 Z AZ 3 AZ 3/2 TSZ 1 TSZ 3
2400 2700 1800 1800 2400 1800 1700 2400 1600
900 900 600 600 1600 700 700 750 550
65 65 45 50 70 45 45 65 40
40 35 25 25 50 30 - 35 -
4 4 5 4 6 5 5 4 5
15 15 15 15 7 15 - 20 -
45 45 45 40 50 45 45 40 40
55 55 40 40 45 40 35s 60 30s
25 > 50 > 50 > 50 15 45 > 50 25 > 50
> 50 > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50
no break no break no break no break no break no break no break no break no break
10 10 60 65 15 90 90 11 70
30 25 110 115 20 no break 120 45 no break
8 6 15 15 10 20 20 10 15
5 6 15 15 12 20 20 8 15
110 120 95 95 120 95 95 125
50 55 40 40 80 45 55 45
222 222 222 222 222 260 260 260 260

55 55 50 50 105 65 65 55 55
160 160 135 130 135 180 170 160 140
- - - - - - - - -
0.9 0.9 1.3 1.3 0.7 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.2
1.2 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5
80–100 80–100 80–100 80–100 80–100 90–110 90–110 80–100 80–100
180 180 180 180 130 220 220 180 180
33 40 31 42 37 29 29 31 34
30 35 28 39 34 28 27 27 30
600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
1012
1010 1011 1010 1011 1011 1010 1011 1010 1010
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 11
1011
1.10 1.10 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.07 1.07 1.12 1.07

HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB
9 9 9 9 6 8 8 8.5 7
3 3 3 3 2.5 2 2 2.5 2.3
1.10 0.85 1.30 1.10 0.70 1.60 1.60 1.25 1.65
1.35 1.35 1.50 1.45 0.90 1.80 1.80 1.35 1.80
PA6-HI, MR, PA6-HI, MHR, PA6-HI, MHR, PA6-HI, MHR, PA6-HI+PA12/X, PA66-HI, MHR, PA66-HI, MHR, PA66+PA6-HI, PA66+PA6-HI,
14-020 N 18-030 N 14-020 N 14-030 N MHR,18-032 N 14-020 N 14-020 N MHR,14-020 N MHR,14-020 N
s Stress at 50% elongation 17
Properties
Injection moulding, reinforced with glass fibres

dry
18
cond.
Grilon
BG-15 S
6700
3400
dry -
cond. -
dry -
cond. -
dry 140
cond. 75
dry 4
cond. 15
dry 45
cond. 85
dry 40
cond. 45
dry 5
cond. 10
dry 4
cond. 5
dry 170
cond. 80
Thermal properties
Melt temperature DSC ISO 11357 °C dry 222
Heat deflection temperature HDT/A 1.80 MPa ISO 75 °C dry 195
Heat deflection temperature HDT/B 0.45 MPa ISO 75 °C dry -
Heat deflection temperature HDT/C 8.00 MPa ISO 75 °C dry 60
Thermal expansion coefficient, long. 23–55°C ISO 11359 10-4/K dry 0.5
Thermal expansion coefficient, trans. 23–55°C ISO 11359 10-4/K dry 1.2
Max. working temperature long-term ISO 2578 °C dry 100–120
Max. working temperature short-term ISO 2578 °C dry 200
dry 40
cond. 37
Comparative tracking index CTI IEC 60112 cond. 500
dry 1012
cond. 1010
Specific surface resistivity IEC 60093 Ω cond. 1012
General properties
Density ISO 1183 g/cm3 dry 1.23
Flammability (UL 94) 0.8 mm IEC 60695-11-10 Rating - HB
Water absorption 23°C/sat. ISO 62 % - 8
Moisture absorption 23°C/50% r.h. ISO 62 % - 2.5
Linear mould shrinkage long. ISO 294 % dry 0.15
Linear mould shrinkage transverse ISO 294 % dry 0.60
PA6, MHR,
Product designation as per ISO 16396 14-070,GF15
18
Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon
BG-25 S BG-30 S BG-30 BG-30/2 BG-50 S BG-50 H AG-30 TSG-30 TSG-30/4 TSG-50 TSG-50/4
8500 9500 10000 9500 17500 17500 10500 9700 9700 16500 17500
4800 6000 6500 6500 11500 11500 7000 6000 6000 10000 12500
- - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - -
165 185 190 185 245 245 195 175 190 240 250
90 125 110 125 165 165 130 120 125 150 170
4 4 3.5 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 2.5
10 10 6.5 10 6 6 6 6 8 5 4.5
85 85 85 75 90 90 65 75 70 90 80
85 90 95 90 95 95 85 85 80 100 85
70 70 70 65 85 85 55 65 60 80 70
70 70 70 70 90 90 50 65 60 90 80
10 11 12 11 15 15 10 13 10 15 14
20 20 20 20 25 25 15 20 12 20 20
8 8 9 8 11 11 9 10 7 11 12
9 9 9 9 12 12 9 10 6 12 12
185 210 210 210 270 270 230 210 210 270 280
90 100 100 100 155 155 130 110 110 160 160
222 222 222 222 222 222 260 260 260 260 260
205 205 200 205 210 210 260 220 235 220 250
- - - - - - - - - - -
125 135 135 135 170 170 160 155 155 165 200
0.25 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.15 0.15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.15 0.15
0.8 1.1 1.1 1.1 1 1 1 1.1 1 1 0.9
100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 130–150 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120
200 200 200 200 200 200 230 220 230 220 230
40 40 34 40 40 36 38 25 25 31 27
37 37 31 37 37 33 35 24 21 31 22
500 500 550 500 575 475 550 600 475 600 600
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 11
1012
1011 1011 1010 1011 1011 1011 1011 1010 1011 109 1011
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 11
10 12
10 10
1012
1.31 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.58 1.58 1.35 1.34 1.35 1.56 1.55
HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB
7 7 7 7 5 5 5 6.5 5 6 5
2 2 2 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 2 2 1.5 1.5
0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.05 0.15 0.10 0.15 0.05 0.05
0.60 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.50 0.50 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.30 0.35
PA6, MHR, PA6, MHR, PA6, MHR, PA6, MH, PA6, MH, PA6, MH, PA66, MHR, PA66+PA6, MHR, PA66+PA6, MHR, PA66+PA6, MHR, PA66+PA6, MHR,
14-090,GF25 14-090,GF30 14-100 N,GF30 18-080 N,GF30 14-190,GF50 14-190,GF50 14-100 N,GF30 14-100 N,GF30 14-100 N,GF30 14-160 N,GF50 14-190 N,GF50
19
Properties
Injection moulding, reinforced with glass fibres

20
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
Thermal properties
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
General properties
20
Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon
BG-30 FC BG-50 FC BG-60 FC TSG-15/4 W TSG-30/4 W TSG-35/4 W TSG-50/4 W TSG-60/4 W
10000 17200 19000 5600 9700 11000 16000 20000
6200 11500 13500 3100 6000 7500 12000 13000
- - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - -
180 240 245 120 190 190 230 242
100 155 160 70 125 130 150 159
2.5 3 3.2 2.5 3 3 2.5 2.2
7 6 3.4 14 8 6 5.0 3.6
60 90 91 35 70 75 90 86
80 95 96 95 80 85 90 91
55 85 90 30 60 60 90 86
55 90 90 33 60 70 80 76
11 15 16 4 10 10 14 13
15 25 26 6 13 13 18 18
9 11 11 3 7 8 13 11.5
9 12 12 3 6 8 12 11
230 - 273 200 210 220 270 317
110 - 156 95 110 115 150 198
222 222 223 260 260 260 260 265

210 215 215 220 235 240 250 245
- - - - - - - -
160 180 190 60 155 175 215 210
0.2 - 0.14 0.3 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.13
1.1 - 1.0 0.8 0.70 0.70 0.90 0.87
110–130 100–120 130–150 130–150 130–150 130–150 130–150 130–150
200 200 200 230 230 230 230 230
40 - 36 25 25 26 27 -
37 - 33 21 21 21 22 -
500 - 475 475 475 500 525 -
10 12
- 10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
-
1011 - 1010 1011 1011 1011 1011 -
10 12
- 10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
-
1.35 1.58 1.69 1.20 1.35 1.40 1.55 1.72

HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB
7 5 4.2 6 5 5 5 5
2 1.5 1.1 2.5 2 2 1.5 1.2
0.10 0.05 0.05 0.35 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.10
0.55 0.50 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.50 0.35 0.35
PA6, MHR, PA6, MHR, PA6, MHR, PA66+PA6, PA66+PA6, PA66+PA6, PA66+PA6, PA66+PA6,
12-190 N,GF30 12-190 N,GF50 10-190 N,GF60 MHR,14-060 N,GF15 MHR,14-100 N,GF30 MHR,14-110 N,GF35 MHR,14-160 N,GF50 MHR,14-160 N,GF60
21
Properties – injection moulding
reinforced with glass fibres, impact-modified, adhesion-modified

22
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
Thermal properties
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
General properties
Flammability (UL 94) 0.8 mm IEC 60695-11-10 Rating -
Water absorption 23°C/sat. ISO 62 % -
Moisture absorption 23°C/50% r.h. ISO 62 % -
22
Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon
BGZ-15 BGZ-30/2 BGZ-30 BGZ-50/2 TSGZ-15 TSGZ-30 BG-15 HM BG-30 HM BG-40 HM BG-50 HM AG-25 HM
5400 8500 8700 16000 5600 9000 5500 8700 12000 14000 6400
2900 5500 5200 10000 2900 5400 3800 6500 8500 10000 4900
- - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - -
120 150 150 230 110 180 105 140 150 175 85
70 105 100 150 65 90 70 95 130 125 70
4 4 5 3 4 4 4 3 3 3 2
8 8 9 6 10 8 10 5 5 5 3
70 80 100 95 75 80 55 60 70 40 35
80 95 120 130 90 90 60 60 70 45 35
60 80 80 90 60 80 60 50 65 40 35
70 85 85 95 70 80 60 45 65 25 30
13 15 20 15 12 15 10 12 15 12 8
20 25 30 25 17 25 12 14 20 16 9
7 11 17 11 5 10 5 9 12 10 7
7 12 25 12 5 10 5 9 12 10 6
145 170 170 280 160 180 150 180 200 210 165
70 85 90 170 75 95 90 120 130 140 95
222 222 222 222 260 260 222 222 222 222 260
190 200 200 210 215 215 160 170 195 200 155
- - - - - - - - - - -
60 85 85 165 60 100 65 95 130 140 80
0.4 0.2 0.3 0.15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.15 0.2 0.4
1 1.2 1 1 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.1 1 1.2 0.9
100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 90–110 90–110 90–110 90–110 90–110
180 180 180 180 200 200 180 180 180 180 220
35 41 35 41 30 34 38 40 41 40 27
32 38 32 38 27 30 32 38 38 38 26
500 550 500 550 600 600 600 600 550 600 600
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 11
10 11
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
1012
1010 1011 1011 1011 109 109 1011 1011 1011 1011 1011
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 10
10 10
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
1012
1.19 1.34 1.31 1.57 1.2 1.33 1.14 1.26 1.36 1.49 1.17
HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB
7 7 7 5 8 7 5.5 5 5 3.5 2.5
2 2 2 1.5 3 2.5 2 1 1.5 1 1
0.20 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.15 0.05 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.15
0.70 0.60 0.50 0.35 0.65 0.50 0.50 0.30 0.40 0.25 0.45
PA66+PA6-HI, PA66+PA6-HI,
PA6-HI, MHR, PA6-HI, MH, PA6-HI, MHR, PA6-HI, MHL, PA6-HI, MH, PA6-HI, MH, PA6-HI, MH, PA6-HI, MH, PA66-HI, MHR,
MHR, MHR,
14-050,GF15 18-080,GF30 14-090 N,GF30 18-160,GF50 18--050 N,GF15 18--090,GF30 18--120,GF40 18--140,GF50 14-060,GF25
14-060 N,GF15 14-190 N,GF30
23
Properties
Injection moulding reinforced (glass beads, minerals, hybrid)

24
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
Thermal properties
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
General properties
24
BK-30 BK-50 BGK-30 X BGM-40 X TSK-30/4 TSM-30 TSGK-30 X
4200 6100 7000 10000 4100 5800 8500
1500 1700 3800 5000 1800 2300 5000
- 95 - - - - -
- 45 - - - - -
- 4 - - - - -
- 8 - - - - -
70 80 140 120 75 75 155
35 40 80 55 45 45 85
5 10 3 2.5 10 3 3
> 50 30 7 6 35 15 10
40 60 65 40 30 45 50
> 100 - 75 50 85 > 100 75
30 35 50 35 25 35 45
30 - 50 45 25 35 45
4 4 8 5 4 5 8
10 4 15 7 8 7 13
3 3 6 3 2 5 7
3 3 6 3 3 3 7
- 225 - 220 175 170 200
- 90 - 115 85 90 100
222 222 222 222 260 260 260

70 95 185 195 70 110 215
190 - - - -- - -
- 45 140 90 50 70 80
0.9 0.7 0.35 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.6
0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120
180 180 180 180 220 220 220
31 36 29 35 27 27 24
29 29 23 32 25 27 23
500 450 400 525 500 525 425
10 12
10 11
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 11
1012
1011 109 1010 1010 1011 109 1010
10 12
10 10
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 10
1011
1.34 1.55 1.34 1.44 1.35 1.37 1.34

HB HB HB HB HB HB HB
8 5 7 7 5 6.5 7.5
2 1.5 2 2 2 2 2
0.95 0.70 0.10 0.25 0.90 0.75 0.10
1.00 0.75 0.50 0.55 0.95 0.85 0.65
PA6, MHR, PA6, MHR, PA6, MHR, PA6, MHR, PA66+PA6, MHR, PA66+PA6, MHR, PA66+PA6, MHR,
14-040, GB30 18-060, GB50 14-070 N, (GF+GB)30X 14-100 N,(GF+MD)40X 14-040 N, GB30 14-040 N, MD30 14-080 N, (GF+GB)30X
25
Properties
Injection moulding, self-extinguishing

26
dry
Grilon
BS V0
3700
1200
cond.
dry 90
cond. 45
dry 3
cond. 15
dry 70
cond. 55
dry 4
cond. > 50
dry > 100
cond. > 100
dry 80
cond. 90
dry 3
cond. 15
dry 3
cond. 3
dry 150
cond. 60
Thermal properties
Melt temperature DSC ISO 11357 °C dry 222
Heat deflection temperature HDT/A 1.80 MPa ISO 75 °C dry 70
Heat deflection temperature HDT/B 0.45 MPa ISO 75 °C dry 170
Heat deflection temperature HDT/C 8.00 MPa ISO 75 °C dry -
Thermal expansion coefficient, long. 23–55°C ISO 11359 10-4/K dry 0.7
Thermal expansion coefficient, trans. 23–55°C ISO 11359 10-4/K dry 0.9
Max. working temperature long-term ISO 2578 °C dry 100–120
Max. working temperature short-term ISO 2578 °C dry 180
dry 32
cond. 29
Comparative tracking index CTI IEC 60112 cond. 575
dry 1012
cond. 1011
Specific surface resistivity IEC 60093 Ω cond. 1012
General properties
Density ISO 1183 g/cm3 dry 1.16
Flammability (UL 94) 0.8 mm IEC 60695-11-10 Rating -/V - 0/V - 0
Oxygen index ISO 4589-2 % ≥ 32
1 mm DIN EN 60695-2-12 °C 960
Glow wire flammability index (GWFI)
3 mm DIN EN 60695-2-12 °C 960
Water absorption 23°C/sat. ISO 62 % 8
Moisture absorption 23°C/50% r.h. ISO 62 % 2.5
Linear mould shrinkage long. ISO 294 % dry 0.85
Linear mould shrinkage transverse ISO 294 % dry 0.90
PA6, MFHR,
Product designation as per ISO 16396 14-040 N
26
Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon
BGM-65 X TSG-20/4 TSG-30/4 TSG-30/4 TSM-30/4
BS V0 X AS V0 TS FR TS V0 TS V0 X
V0 FR X FR X V0 V0
3500 11500 3900 3300 3600 3800 4500 6500 10500 7000
1200 7100 2000 1200 1600 1300 2000 3000 6500 3000
85 - 90 85 85 80 - - - -
40 - 55 50 50 40 - - -- -
4.0 - 4 4 4 4 - - - -
25 - 12 15 15 25 - - - -
70 120• 80 65 75 75 70• 85• 150• 75•
50 90• 50 50 50 50 45• 55• 90• 45•
10 1• 9 20 10 9 10• 8• 2.5• 2.5•
> 50 3• > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50• 20• 4.5• 10•
> 100 25 65 > 100 75 90 40 55 65 25
> 100 25 > 100 > 100 > 100 > 100 > 100 90 70 50
> 100 15 > 100 > 100 70 75 40 50 60 25
> 100 15 > 100 80 > 100 > 100 45 60 60 20
5.5 3 4 10 4 4 4 5 9.5 3
15 3 8 20 15 9 8.5 9 14 3.5
5 3 3 10 3 3.5 3.5 4 9 2.5
3.5 3 3 5 3 3 3 3.5 8.5 2
190 285 155 170 - 190 200 220 255 250
70 95 85 65 - 75 90 110 130 120
222 222 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260
70 160 75 60 70 75 100 170 235 150
195 - 225 205 210 200 55 60 165 60
- 75 - - - - - - - -
0.7 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 - - - 0.7
0.9 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 - - - 0.7
90–110 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120
160 180 220 200 200 200 200 220 220 220
- 33 31 29 28 - - - -
- 29 28 28 26 - - - -
600 500 600 575 600 600 600 600 600 550
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 11
10 11
10 12
10 11
10 11
10 10
1011
10 11
10 11
10 11
10 9
10 9
10 11
10 9
10 9
10 10
109
1012 1012 1012 1010 1010 1012 1010 1010 1010 1010
1.18 1.69 1.16 1.15 1.16 1.19 1.29 1.38 1.39 1.38
V-0 -/V - 2/V - 0 -/V - 0/V - 0 V - 2/V - 2/V -2 V - 0/V - 0/V - 0 V-0 V-2 V-2 V-0 V-0
- ~ 65 ≥ 32 - ≥ 32 - - - - -
960 960 960 960 960 960 960 960 960 960
775 960 960 960 960 775 - - 775 -
7.5 5 7 8 8 7 6 5 4 4
2.8 1.5 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2 2 1.5 1.5
0.65 0.25 0.95 0.70 0.70 0.65 0.55 0.35 0.20 0.60
0.70 0.55 1.10 0.75 0.75 0.70 0.70 0.55 0.65 0.85
PA6, MFHR, PA6, MFHR, PA66, MFHR, PA66+PA6, MFHR, PA66+PA6, MFHR, PA66+PA6, MFHR, PA66+PA6, MFHR, PA66+PA6, MFHR, PA66+PA6, MFHR, PA66+PA6, MFHR,
14-040 N 14-110, (MD+GF) 5X 14-040 N 14-030 N 14-040 N 14-040 N 14-040 N, GF20, FR (40) 14-070 N, GF30, FR (40) 14-110 N, GF30, FR (40) 14-070 N, MD30, FR (40)
The “conditioned” test values were determined using test specimens stored in accordance with ISO 1110 27
• Testing speed 5 mm/min
Properties

28
Injection moulding, reinforced (sliding bearing materials, conductive)
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
Thermal properties
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
General properties
28
BS EC TSS/4 LF 2 TSS/4 LF 20 TSC-10/4 EC TSC-20/4 EC TSC-30/4 EC TSC-40/4 EC
3000 3300 2700 9200 16000 23000 26000
1000 1400 1200 6500 10000 15000 17000
70 90 60 - - - -
40 50 35 - - - -
5 5 4 - - - -
35 15 10 - - - -
50 70 65 170• 230• 250• 260•
50 40 40 120• 160• 180• 200•
20 12 15 3• 3• 2.5• 2•
> 50 > 50 > 50 7• 6• 5• 4•
75 > 100 > 100 50 65 60 60
> 100 > 100 > 100 80 90 85 85
45 > 100 45 40 60 60 50
50 > 100 55 40 60 70 50
5 4 4 5 8 10 10
8 20 8 12 15 16 16
3 4 4 4 5 7 7
3 4 4 4 5 7 7
130 140 140 200 240 265 280
60 65 60 110 150 180 185
222 260 260 260 260 260 260

60 85 85 240 240 240 240
165 220 220 - - - -
- - 65 110 185 185 185
0.4 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1
0.5 0.9 0.9 1 0.9 0.8 0.7
80–100 80–100 80–100 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120
180 200 200 230 230 230 230
8 27 27 6 - - -
5 25 25 6 - - -
-- 475 475 - - - -
10 6
10 12
10 12
10 6
10 4
1000 100
106 1011 1010 106 104 1000 100
10 7
10 11
10 11
10 7
10 5
1000 100
1.22 1.16 1.28 1.18 1.22 1.26 1.31

9 7 5 5 5 5 5
3 2.5 2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
0.90 0.90 0.90 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
1.10 1 1 0.65 0.30 0.25 0.20
PA6, MHRZ, PA66+PA6, MHRS, PA66+PA6, MHRS, PA66+PA6, MHRS, PA66+PA6, MHRS, PA66+PA6, MHRS, PA66+PA6, MHRS,
14-030 N, X 14-030 N, Z2 14-030 N, Z20 14-090 N, CF10 14-160 N, CF20 14-220 N, CF30 14-250 N, CF40
• Testing speed 5 mm/min 29
Properties
Injection moulding, reinforced with long fibres

30
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
Thermal properties
Thermal expansion coefficient, long. 23–55°C ISO 11359 10 /K
-4
dry
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
General properties
30
Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon
TSGL-40/4 FA TSGL-40/4 TSGL-50/4 TSGL-60/4
13500 13000 17400 22000
10000 9500 12500 16500
- - - -
- - - -
- - - -
- - - -
220 230 265 280
160 165 185 205
2.1 2.5 2.3 2.1
2.5 2.8 2.6 2.3
75 80 100 110
80 85 105 115
60 65 95 105
55 60 75 95
25 30 40 40
30 35 45 45
25 30 40 40
30 35 45 45
280 275 310 340
185 180 200 230
260 260 260 250

250 250 250 255
225 220 230 235
- 0.20 0.20 0.20
- 0.60 0.50 0.40
- 120–130 120–130 120–130
- 220 220 220
- 29 29 28
- 24 24 24
- 600 600 600
- 10 11
10 10
1010
- 1010 1010 1010
- 1012 1013 1013
1.45 1.45 1.55 1.68

HB HB HB HB
5.0 5.0 4.5 4.0
1.8 1.8 1.5 1.2
- 0.15 0.10 0.10
- 0.4 0.3 0.20
PA66+PA6, MH, PA66+PA6, MH, PA66+PA6, MH, PA66+PA6, MH,
14-140 N, GF40 14-140 N, GF40 14-190, GF50 14-230, GF60
31
Properties
Extrusion, flexible, highly heat-resistant

32
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
Thermal properties
dry
cond.
Comparative tracking index CTI IEC 60112 - cond.
dry
cond.
General properties
32
flexible high heat resistance

BRZ 334 H BR 40 W BRZ 340 H BRZ 247 W BRZ 347 W EBGM-20 HX EBGM-30 HX
950 1300 2800 650 600 6300 9500
300 500 700 380 350 3300 5500
- 40 70 - - - -
- 30 35 - - - -
- 35 4 - - - -
- 40 15 - - - -
40s 40 40 30s 30s 105 155
20s 60 45 25s 25s 55 90
> 50 > 50 40 > 50 > 50 3 3
> 50 > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50 7 6
no break no break no break no break no break 50 70
100 15 13 120 110 8 10
no break no break > 125 no break no break 10 11
85 3 11 7 15 5 7
85 3 7 10 15 5 7
90 55 130 35 35 150 210
30 30 45 25 25 75 105
222 222 222 215 215 260 260

45 45 55 40 40 195 225
55 110 130 75 80 - -
- - - - - 65 155
1.2 1.1 0.9 1.4 1.5 0.3 0.2
1.4 1.6 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.0 0.8
100–120 80–100 100–120 80–100 80–100 - 130–150
180 180 180 170 170 - 230
26 31 40 31 - 40 38
22 28 35 29 - 30 34
600 450 600 500 600 550 500
10 11
10 11
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 10
1010
108 1010 1011 1011 1011 109 109
10 9
10 10
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 10
1012
1.00 1.12 1.10 1.12 1.07 1.24 1.37

5 8 9 8 8 8 5.5
1.5 2.5 3 2.5 2.5 3 2
- - - - - 0.40 0.205
- - - - - 0.70 0.80
PA6-HI, GHR, PA6-HI, GHR, PA6-HIP, GH, PA6-HIP, GHL, PA6+PA66-HI, PA66+PA6, MH,
PA6-P, 24-010
24-040 N 27-020 N 32-007 32-005 22-060, GF15 14-100, GF30
33
s Stress at 50% elongation
Properties
Extrusion blow-moulding materials

34
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
dry
cond.
Thermal properties
Thermal expansion coefficient, long. 23–55°C ISO 11359 10 /K
-4
dry
Thermal expansion coefficient, trans. 23–55°C ISO 11359 10 /K
-4
dry
dry
cond.
Comparative tracking index CTI IEC 60112 - cond.
dry
cond.
General properties
34
Grilon Grilon Grilon Grilon
EB 50 H EB 50 H ELX 40 H ELX 50 H
EB 50 H EBV-15H EBVZ-15H RVZ-15H.1 EBV-2H
DZ NZ NZ NZ
2800 2300 1800 5600 5500 5500 6500 550 220
800 700 600 2700 2500 2400 3500 250 150
75 60 50 - 100 - - 18 -
40 35 - - 60 - - - -
4 4 5 - 3 - - 15 -
20 20 - - 10 - - - -
50 50 45 110• 100• 95• 120• 21s 16s
50 45 25s 65• 60• 60• 70• 16s 12s
50 50 > 50 5• 5• 6• 4• > 50 > 50
> 50 > 50 > 50 25• 30• 25• 15• > 50 > 50
no break no break no break 80 85 90 80 no break no break
no break no break no break > 100 > 100 > 100 > 100 no break no break
11 70 95 15 20 20 15 no break no break
> 125 > 125 no break 30 35 35 30 no break no break
10 20 25 6 8 9 6 25 110
9 20 25 8 8 9 8 25 no break
135 100 90 145 140 140 180 26 17
55 40 30 70 65 65 80 16 11
222 222 222 222 222 222 222 210 210

55 50 45 165 165 160 190 45 35
140 90 105 - - - - 60 50
- - - 50 50 50 65 - -
0.9 1.2 1.3 0.5 0.4 0.35 0.3 1.6 1.6
1.2 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.7
100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120 100–120
180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180
28 27 - 26 - 40 30 28 29
24 24 - 22 - 37 27 26 30
425 425 475 325 - 600 - 600 575
1011 1011 1012 1011 1011 1012 1011 109 109
109 109 1011 109 109 1011 109 108 108
1010 1010 1012 1010 1010 1012 1010 1010 1010
1.11 1.1 1.07 1.21 1.2 1.19 1.25 1.03 1.01

HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB HB
9 9 9 8 8 8 8 6.5 6.5
3 3 3 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2 2
- - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - -
PA6-HI, BH, PA6-HI, BH, PA6-HI, GH, PA6-HI, BH, PA6-HI, GH, PA6-HI, BH, PA6-HI, BH, PA6 / X-HI, PA6 / X-HI,
34-030 34-020 34-020 27-060, GF15 27-050, GF15 27-050, GF15 27-050, GF20 BGH, 32-005 BGH, 32-002
The “conditioned” test values were determined using test specimens stored in accordance with ISO 1110 35
s Stress at 50% elongation • Testing speed 5 mm/min
Design data – short-term behaviour
36
Mechanical properties as a function of temperature
Tensile test Grilon BS/2 – dry Tensile test Grilon BZ 3 – dry

140 80 -40°C
-40°C
-20°C -20°C
120 0°C 70 0°C
23°C
23°C
40°C 40°C
60°C 60 60°C
100 80°C 80°C
100°C 100°C
120°C 50 120°C
80
Stress [MPa]
Stress [MPa]
140°C 140°C
160°C 160°C
40
60
30
40
20
20 10
0 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Elongation [%] Elongation [%]
Tensile test Grilon BS/2 – cond. Tensile test Grilon BZ 3 – cond.

120 80
-40°C -40°C
-20°C -20°C
0°C 70 0°C
100 23°C 23°C
40°C 40°C
60°C 60 60°C
80°C 80°C
80 100°C 100°C
120°C 50 120°C
Stress [MPa]
Stress [MPa]
140°C 140°C
160°C 160°C
60 40
30
40
20
20
10
0 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Tensile E modulus Grilon BS/2 Tensile E modulus Grilon BZ 3

6000 5500
3000
2600
5200 Grilon BS/2 dry Grilon BZ 3 dry
2350
Tensile E modulus [MPa]
5000 Grilon BS/2 cond. 2500 Grilon BZ 3 cond.

2150
4100 2000
4000 3750 1850
4000 2000 2100
3300
1550
1700
3000 2700 1500
3000
2000 1000
1150 540
750 600 335 270 230
1000 1100
630 550 450 380 500 200 190
800 700 380 330 300
600 500 425 255 210 180 150
350 280
0 0
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Temperature [°C] Temperature [°C]
36
Tensile test Grilon BG-30 S – dry Tensile test Grilon AG-30 – dry
250 235
250
-40°C 220 -40°C
225 -20°C 215 -20°C
0°C 210 0°C
205 23°C 23°C
200 40°C 200 195 40°C
185 60°C 175 60°C
80°C 80°C
160 100°C 100°C
Stress [MPa]
Stress [MPa]
150 120°C
140°C
150 145 120°C
140°C
160°C 125 160°C
115 180°C
115 105
100 100 100 95 90 200°C
90 85
80
80
70
60
50 50
0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Tensile test Grilon BG-30 S – cond. Tensile test Grilon AG-30 – cond.
200 195 250 -40°C
-40°C
-20°C 220 -20°C
170 0°C 210 0°C
23°C 23°C
150 40°C 200 190 40°C
150 60°C 60°C
125 80°C 80°C
100°C 100°C
Stress [MPa]
Stress [MPa]
120°C
140°C
150 120°C
140°C
105 160°C 130 160°C
100 115 180°C
105
85 200°C
75 100 95
90 85
68 80
60 75 70
50 50 65
40 50
0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Tensile E modulus Grilon BG-30 S Tensile E modulus Grilon AG-30

12000 14000
10400 10250 Grilon BG-30 S dry Grilon AG-30 dry
9900 12000 11500 11300
10000 10200 9500 Grilon BG-30 S cond. Grilon AG-30 cond.

10700
10100 10500
8800 10800
8800 1000011000 10500 9400
8000
7400
8000
6000 7000 6200
6000 6000
4500 5500
4000 6000 6000 5000 4500
5000 3700 3500 5500 4150 3800
4000 3300 5020
4200 3450
3700 4000 4500
3350 3100 4100
2900 2750 3750 3500
3250
2000 2000 3000
0 0
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
37
38
Tensile test Grilon BG-50 H – dry Tensile test Grilon BG-50 HM – dry
350 250
320 -40°C 230 -40°C
-20°C -20°C
300 300 0°C 215 0°C
23°C 23°C
270 40°C 200 195 40°C
245 60°C 60°C
250 80°C 175 80°C
100°C 100°C
Stress [MPa]
Stress [MPa]
210 120°C 150 120°C

200 140°C 145 140°C
170 120
150 150
100
130 95
120 80
100 105 70
60
50
50
0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Tensile test Grilon BG-50 H – cond. Tensile test Grilon BG-50 HM – cond.
350 -40°C
250 -40°C
-20°C 220 -20°C
300
300 0°C
23°C 200
0°C
23°C
40°C 200 40°C
250 60°C 60°C
250 80°C 80°C
100°C 160 100°C
Stress [MPa]
210
Stress [MPa]
200
120°C
140°C
150 120°C
140°C
125
155
110
150 140 100
123 90
107 80
100 95 65
84 55
70 50 45
50
0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Tensile E modulus Grilon BG-50 H Tensile E modulus Grilon BG-50 HM

25000 20000 18500 18000
20500 Grilon BG-50 H dry 17000 Grilon BG-50 HM dry
18000
20000 19500 Grilon BG-50 H cond. Grilon BG-50 HM cond.
20000 18500 16500

19500 15000 14000
18500 16500 14000 12000
15000 17000
10000
12000 10000 8400
12500 10000 10000
10000 9000 7000
10500 8000 8500 5900
9250 7000 7300 4900
8000
7000
5000 6200
5000 5000
6200 5500 4100
3300
0 0
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
38
Impact and notched impact strength Grilon BZ 3/2, ISO 179/2-1
no break no break no break no break no break no break

140
Impact or notched impact strength [kJ/m2]
120 115
100
80 77
65
60 60
Impact strength dry

40
Impact strength cond.
20 18
20 16 15 15 12 14 Notched impact strength dry
9
0 Notched impact strength cond.

23 0 -23 -30 -40 -50
Tensile impact strength Grilon BGZ-50/2

300
dry
Tensile impact strength [kJ/m2]
250 cond.
200
150
100
50 As per ISO 8256

Test specimens: 10x1 mm
Test speed: 6.4 m/s
0 Starting length: 48.0 mm
23 40 60 80 100 120
Temperature [°C]
39
40
Mechanical properties as a function of moisture content
Tensile E modulus Grilon TSS, Grilon TSZ 1 Yield stress Grilon TSS, Grilon TSZ 1
3000 80
2700
2500 70
Grilon TSS
70 64 Grilon TSS
2500 2250 Grilon TSZ 1 58 Grilon TSZ 1

60 65
Yield stress [MPa]
2400
2200 59 53
2000 1900 48
1950 50 52 44
40
1450 40 46
1500 1600
41
38 35
1200 1000 30
1000 750
900 20
750
500
10
0 0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Moisture content [%] Moisture content [%]
Strain at break Grilon TSS, Grilon TSZ 1

400
350
350 Grilon TSS
Grilon TSZ 1 300 350
300
Strain at break [%]
250 265
200 170
150
100 75
35 48 90
50 25
40 50
25 32
0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Moisture content [%]
40
Design data – long-term behaviour
Creep curves Grilon BS/2 Creep curves Grilon BZ 1/2

at 23°C / 50% r.h. at 23°C / 50% r.h.
5.0 6.0
4.5 4MPa 8MPa 12MPa 16MPa 6MPa 8MPa 10MPa 12MPa 14MPa
5.0
4.0
Elongation [%]
Elongation [%]
3.5 4.0
3.0
2.5 3.0
2.0
2.0
1.5
1.0 1.0
0.5
0 0.0
0.1 1 10 100 1000 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Time [h] Time [h]
Creep curves Grilon BG-30 S Creep curves Grilon BG-50 H

at 23°C / 50% r.h. at 23°C / 50% r.h.
2.0 2.0
10MPa 20MPa 30MPa 40MPa 50MPa 1.8 40MPa 60MPa 80MPa
1.6
1.5
Elongation [%]
1.4
Elongation [%]
1.2
1.0 1.0
0.8
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.2
0 0.0
0.1 1 10 100 1000 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Time [h] Time [h]
Creep curves Grilon BG-50 H Creep curves Grilon BGM-65 X V0

at 120°C at 23°C / 50% r.h.
3.5 2.0
60MPa 70MPa 80MPa 1.8 30MPa 35MPa 40MPa 50MPa
3.0
1.6
2.5
Elongation [%]
Elongation [%]
1.4
2.0 1.2
1.0
1.5
0.8
1.0 0.6
0.4
0.5
0.2
0.0 0.0
0.1 1 10 100 1000 0.1 1 10 100 1000
Time [h] Time [h]
41
Design data – long-term behaviour
42
Following long-term static stressing of a material under different mechanical loads, characteristic time-elongation curves for
each plastic material can be plotted. The material “creeps” due to the effects of stress and temperature.
Creep curves Grilon TSS Creep curves Grilon TSG-30/4

at 23°C / 50% r.h. at 23°C / 50% r.h.
7.0 1.6
4MPa 8MPa 12MPa 16MPa 10MPa 20MPa 30MPa 40MPa 50MPa
6.0 1.4
1.2
5.0
Elongation [%]
Elongation [%]
1.0
4.0
0.8
3.0
0.6
2.0
0.4
1.0 0.2
0.0 0.0
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Time [h] Time [h]
Creep curves Grilon TSG-50/4

at 23°C / 50% r.h.
1.4
40MPa 50MPa 60MPa 70MPa 80MPa
1.2
1.0
Elongation [%]
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Time [h]
42
Resistance to chemicals
Grilon is very resistant to a large number of chemicals. Some aggressive chemicals, such as cresol, hexafluori-
These include organic solvents, petrols, oils, fats and sopropanol, methanolic calcium chloride solution or tri-
alkalis. fluoroacetic acid, can dissolve polyamides completely.
Strong acids, such as sulphuric acid, nitric acid or for- Glycols, various other acids and water only attack the
mic acid, cause swelling and rapid hydrolytic degra- material chemically at higher temperatures.
dation of all Grilon grades. However, Grilon products
have short-term resistance to diluted organic acids at
room temperatures.
o Acetic acid, conc. ••• Mineral oil
••• Acetone o Nitric acid, conc.
••• Ammonia, 10% aqueous •• Nitrobenzene
••• Amyl acetate o Oleum
•• Aniline •• Oxalic acid, 10% aqueous
•• Antifreeze (glycol) • Ozone
••• Benzene ••• Perchloroethylene
• Benzyl alcohol ••• Petrol
• Bromine ••• Petroleum ether
••• Butane • Phenol
••• Butanol • Phosphoric acid, 10% aqueous
••• Carbon tetrachloride ••• Potash (potassium carbonate), sat.
••• Caustic potash 50% o Potassium permanganate 5%
o Chlorine ••• Propane
o Chlorine dioxide ••• Pyridine
••• Chlorobenzene o Resorcinol
• Chloroform ••• Salicylic acid
•• Citric acid, conc. ••• Sea water
••• Copper sulphate, 10% aqueous ••• Silicone oil
o Cresol ••• Soap suds
••• Crude oil ••• Soda, sat. (sodium carbonate)
••• Diesel fuel ••• Sodium chloride, saturated
••• Diethyl ether • Sodium hypochlorite, 5% aqueous
••• Engine oil ••• Sulphur
••• Ethanol •• Sulphur dioxide <5% gaseous
••• Ethylene oxide • Sulphuric acid 1%
••• Fats (lipids) o Sulphuric acid, conc.
o Fluorine ••• Styrene
• Formaldehyde •• Tartaric acid, aqueous
• Formic acid, 10% aqueous ••• Tetralin
o Formic acid, conc. ••• Toluene
••• Freon liquid F12 ••• Transformer oil
• Freon liquid F22 •• Trichloroethane
••• Glycerine •• Trichlorethylene
••• Heptane ••• Turpentine
••• Hydraulic oil ••• Urea, 20% aqueous
• Hydrochloric acid 1% •• Uric acid, aqueous
o Hydrochloric acid, conc. •• Vinegar
• Hydrogen peroxide 2% ••• Water
• Hydrogen peroxide 10% ••• Wine
o Hydrogen peroxide 30% ••• Xylol
••• Hydrogen sulphide <5% gaseous •• Zinc chloride, 50% aqueous
o Iodine tincture, alcoholic
••• Isooctane
••• Isopropanol ••• resistant, only minor, reversible changes in dimensions
••• Kerosene •• limited resistance; significant change in dimensions
•• Lactic acid, aqueous after longer periods of time
••• Magnesium chloride, 10% aqueous
••• Methane • not resistant; may still be used under certain conditions
••• Methanol
•• Methylene chloride o soluble or strongly attacked within a short period of time
••• Methyl ethyl ketone
43
Resistance to weathering
44
Exposure to UV radiation causes changes in the physi- Along with impact strength, test criteria include changes
cal and chemical properties of all plastics, including in gloss and colour. In order to obtain test results under
polyamides. In particular, a combination of radiation, practical conditions, outdoor weathering tests are also
oxygen in the air, moisture and temperature can lead carried out. The alpine climate at EMS, with an annual
to chain fission, crosslinking and other oxidative pro- global radiation energy of 4.8 GJ/m2, also allows for
cesses, resulting in a reduction of the working life of the realistic correlation with conditions in other climates.
material.
Grilon products are suitable for outdoor applications.
Resistance to weathering is dependent on the structure The weathering resistance of non-reinforced and rein-
of the polymers, on their additives and type of reinforce- forced Grilon grades can be improved on a long-term
ment (glass, mineral, carbon black, colour pigments, basis by the addition of small amounts of the specially
etc.). The effects of weathering are observed mainly on developed UV masterbatch Grilon MB 3427 AUV. The
the surface of the material, so that the serviceability of a addition of suitable amounts of carbon black (Grilon
component is very dependent on its thickness. MB 9295 AC) also significantly improves weathering
stability so that a service life of well above 10 years
The working life of polyamide components is deter- can be achieved.
mined using accelerated weathering tests. Our material
testing department uses 1-mm-thick testing bars exposed
on a long-term basis to an aggressive atmosphere with
xenon lamp radiation, water spray cycles and tempera-
tures of 65°C.
Resistance to weathering of Resistance to weathering of

Grilon AS, BS, TS Grilon AG-30, BG-30, TSG-30
natural natural+UV-MB black (stabilised) natural natural+UV-MB black (stabilised)
120 120
Tensile impact strength [%]
Tensile impact strength [%]
100 100
80 80
60 60
40 40
20 20
0 0
10 100 1000 10000 10 100 1000 10000
Artificial weathering time [h] Artificial weathering time [h]
44
Resistance to heat ageing
At elevated temperatures, ageing phenomena occur for The maximum time or temperature at which the material
all plastic materials. Over time, these phenomena have has 50% of its tensile strength remaining compared to
a negative effect on the properties of the material. the original value, can be read from the data presented
in an Arrhenius plot. The intersection with the 20,000
These processes are of a chemical nature, such as oxi- hour line gives the temperature index TI20,000. This
dation reactions, but may also be caused by physical index is the measurement for the long-term working tem-
phenomena such as post-crystallisation or changes in perature of a material.
morphology.
The resistance to heat ageing of non-reinforced and
In practice, specification of a temperature-time limit, reinforced Grilon grades can be further improved by
within which the properties of the thermally stressed the addition of small amounts of the heat masterbatch
plastic material remain at an acceptable level, is of Grilon MB 3388 AH. In this way, the long-term working
great importance. temperatures can be increased by 10°C – 20°C.
Extensive testing has been carried out to determine these

temperature-time limits. The correct choice of material
and grade then ensures that Grilon products can be
used successfully, even at consistently high temperatures.
Resistance to heat ageing

Arrhenius plots for Grilon
non-reinforced and reinforced
Half life, tensile strength [h]

100000
1 2 3
10000
1000
Curve 1 = AS, BS, TSS
Curve 2 = AG-30, BG-30, TSG-30
TI (20000h) = 90oC TI (20000h) = 120oC TI (20000h) = 150oC
100 Curve 3 = BG-50 H

60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Temperature [°C]
45
Approvals
46
Grilon in contact with foodstuffs The following products satisfy requirements for repeated
EU contact with foodstuffs, i.e. short-term contact with con-
In Directive 2002/72/EC and its supplements, the Eu- stantly new amounts of foodstuffs, in both the EU and
ropean Union has stipulated the conditions to be fulfilled the USA:
by polymers in contact with foodstuffs. The polymer ma-
trix of the Grilon grades satisfies the requirements of Grilon BS/1 FA natural
these EU guidelines for contact with foodstuffs. These Grilon BG-30 S FA natural
EU directives have largely been accepted by the EU Grilon BG-30 S FA black 9840
countries and Switzerland and incorporated in national Grilon TSS/2 FA natural
legislation. The national legislation can sometimes go Grilon TSS/2 FA black 9840
beyond the requirements of the EU directives. Grilon TSG-15 FA natural
Grilon TSG-15/4 FA black 9840
Materials may only be used if the additives they contain Grilon TSG-25/4 FA natural
(lubrication agents, etc.) are also approved. The end Grilon TSG-25/4 FA black 9840
products must also fulfil requirements with regard to the Grilon TSG-30/4 FA natural
migration limit, i.e. the amount of a substance migrating Grilon TSG-30/4 FA black 9840
from the material into the foodstuff. The global migration Grilon TSG-50 FA natural
value for PA6 and PA66 in this case is 60 mg/kg of Grilon TSG-50 FA black 9833
foodstuff. In the case of PA6, there is also a specific Grilon TSG-50/4 FA black 9840
migration threshold value for caprolactam of 15 mg/kg Grilon TSGL-40/4 FA black 9840
of foodstuff. In the case of PA66, a specific migration
value of 2.4 mg/kg of foodstuff applies for hexamethy- This list is not necessarily exhaustive. Please contact our
lene diamine. sales representatives for more information regarding the
suitability of our individual Grilon grades for use in con-
USA tact with foodstuffs.
Products made of polyamides which are marketed
in the USA and which involve contact with foodstuffs
must satisfy the guidelines within the Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR) issued by the Food and Drug Admi-
nistration (FDA). Relevant in this regard are Sections 21
CFR 177.1500 (6) for PA6, 21 CFR 177.1500 (1)
for PA66 as well as additional paragraphs for the ad-
ditives.
46
Grilon in contact with drinking water Great Britain:
If taps and fittings are to be used in drinking water WRAS (Water Regulations Advisory Scheme)
systems, the taps themselves and, in some cases, the
material of which they are made, must be approved USA:
for use according to the regulations of the respective NSF 61– NSF International, ANSI/NSF Standard 61
countries. “Drinking Water System Components – Health Effects,
System Components”
The following requirements must be satisfied:
Germany: Please contact our sales representatives for more infor-

KTW – Federal Environmental Agency guideline on mation regarding the suitability for use of our individual
plastics in drinking water Grilon grades in contact with drinking water.
DVGW (German Technical and Scientific Association
for Gas and Water) Code of Practice W 270
France:
ACS (Attestation de Conformité Sanitaire)
47
Storage and drying
48
Storage Moisture absorption
Properly sealed, undamaged sacks can be stored for Grilon is delivered ready for use. Pre-drying to reduce
years if sheltered from the weather. Storage is recom- the moisture content is not necessary.
mended in a dry room in such a way that sacks are
also protected from damage. If the sacks become da- Since polyamides are hygroscopic by nature, the mate-
maged, the material must be transferred immediately to rial absorbs water as soon as it is exposed to air humi-
a sealable metal container. dity. This is the case if sacks are damaged or left open
for too long. Excessively long dwell times in open feed
However, it is important – particularly during the winter hoppers may also result in an increased moisture con-
months – that the material to be used is stored for a few tent of the material.
days in the processing area in order to ensure that the
temperature of the granules reaches the relevant room
temperature. This prevents the formation of condensa-
tion on the surface of the granules when the sack is Water absorption of polyamide 6 at
opened. 23°C and an air humidity of 50%
3.5 %
When packaging is opened, the material must be trans-
ferred immediately to a feed hopper or dryer. If only a 3.0 %
partial amount is to be used from an opened sack, the
Water content [%]
2.5 %
remaining material should be placed in a resealable
metal container with as little air space as possible. 2.0 %
1.5 %
1.0 %
0.5 %
0%
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Time in weeks
48
Water absorption of the top layer of granules for PA6 When using an inert gas such as nitrogen, the drying
exposed to surrounding air at different temperatures temperature can be raised to 100°C (90°C for low-
and air humidity levels: melting copolyamides). The drying time required for
granules saturated with moisture is then approximately
Water content 12 hours. At this temperature, correspondingly shorter
0.16
drying times also apply for granules with a slightly in-
creased moisture content. Towards the end of the drying
0.14
time, the temperature should be reduced to 70°C. The
Water absorption [%]
0.12 granules must be allowed sufficient time to cool from

0.10 100°C to approx. 70°C to 80°C before they are re-
0.08 moved from the dryer.
0.06
Vacuum dryer
0.04
When using a vacuum dryer, drying can be carried
0.02 out at a temperature of 100°C (90°C for low-melting
0 copolyamides). An absolute air pressure of less than
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
200 mbar should be maintained. Granules saturated
Time [min.] with moisture should be dried for around 12 hours.
When using this system, the temperature should also
23°C/50% r.h. 40°C/70% r.h.
be reduced to 70°C to 80°C towards the end of the
drying period before the granules are removed from
Drying the dryer.
If the granules have absorbed moisture for any of the
previously mentioned reasons, they must be dried.
Air circulating ovens are not suitable for polyamides.
The granules can be dried using one of the options
below:
Dry air dryer

This kind of drying system is widely available. Poly-
amides should be dried in air at a maximum tempera-
ture of 80°C (60°C for low-melting copolyamides). In
order to achieve a sufficient level of drying, the drying
media (air, inert gas) should have a dew point lower
than -25°C.
In the case of a moderately increased moisture content,

drying times of 4 to 12 hours are sufficient. The neces-
sary time for granules saturated with moisture may be
up to 25 hours.
49
Injection moulding
50
Cylinder temperature settings for the plasticising unit Mould design
lie between 260°C and 310°C for reinforced Grilon Design rules typical for thermoplastics are valid for
grades, and between 240°C and 300°C for non-rein- mould design. Basically, all kinds of sprue systems can
forced grades. In general, flameproof materials have a be used to process Grilon. Because Grilon grades have
smaller processing window. The recommended process- a relatively freezing temperature range, the sprue must
ing temperatures for each Grilon grade are given in the be adequately dimensioned to prevent premature solidi-
respective data sheets. fication and to ensure that cavities can be filled easily.
Screw Mould temperature

Grilon can be processed efficiently using a single-flight As a rule, Grilon is processed with a mould temperature
universal three-zone screw. The effective screw length of 80˚C. In order to improve the surface quality, particu-
should be between 18 D and 22 D. Use of a non-return larly with reinforced grades, a higher mould tempera-
valve is always recommended in order to prevent the ture of 100°C to 120°C has proved suitable.
melt flowing back into the screw flight. Use of a wear-
resistant screw is recommended for the processing of A good temperature control system combined with the
Grilon grades with glass-fibre reinforcement. correct temperature in the mould is a prerequisite for
the manufacture of high-quality injection-moulded parts.
Nozzle The mould temperature influences the setting behaviour
An open nozzle may be used when processing Grilon and the degree of crystallinity and thus the associated
because a nozzle of this type allows free flowing and surface quality, shrinkage, warpage, dimensional toler-
is very long lasting due to its simple structure. However, ances and level of internal stressing.
needle valve nozzles have proved useful if the melt still
tends to flow out of the nozzle.
50
Extrusion
Extruder Feed zone geometry

Screw geometry Polyamide 6 granules are relatively hard in compari-
The following 3-zone geometry, used in combination with son to other polymers such as polyolefins. The higher
a cylinder having a smooth feed zone, has proved suit- the temperature, the more significant this difference be-
able as the basic layout for processing Grilon materials: comes. Whereas polyolefins may behave like “plasti-
cine” at a given point in the feed zone, PA 6 granules
are still “unyielding” and hard. Correspondingly cylin-
ders having a smooth feed zone have proved suitable
for use with Grilon materials.
Grooved feed zones can be recommended if:
D2 - de2 • they have a groove geometry suitable for poly-

Compression ratio c = amides
D2 - dm2 • the screw geometry of the grooved bush geometry
segment is configured for polyamides
Guidelines for the compression ratio: Groove profiles should be linear, sawtooth or step
low viscosity grades and copolyamides: shaped up to a maximum groove depth of 0.5 mm for
c = 3 – 3.8 extruders with a 60 mm screw diameter.
medium to high viscosity grades:
c = 2.7 – 3.5 When used with Grilon grades, feed bushes with deep
grooves, typical for use with polyolefins, cause an enor-
mous increase in torque. This may lead to an approxi-
Recommended zone lengths taking the total plasticising mate 3x higher input power requirement compared to
length 25 x D as an example: cylindrical, smooth feed zones under the same process-
ing conditions. In order to prevent stalling of the screw,
L / D = 25 L1 L2 L3 it may be necessary to heat the feed zone with oil to
high and medium viscosity 8–10 4–7 8–11 temperatures above 150°C and to carry out the startup
procedure gradually.
low viscosity and copolyamides 9–12 3–6 8–11
Use of grooved bushes only increases the specific output
performance for PA6 very slightly unlike for polyolefins.
If mixing segments are used, these must be positioned
near or in front of the screw tip. The use of shear ele-
ments is not recommended. Barrier screws may exhibit
lower compression ratios due to the screw compression.
51
52
Pipes and parison Recommendations for Grilon: Draw-down ratio 1:1.03,
The manufacture of pipes and tubes from polyamide haul-off ratio depending on take-off speed: 1.4 – 2.0.
materials is carried out using longitudinally moulded-on The higher the take-off speed, the lower a haul-off ratio
pipe extrusion heads. Either centre-fed dies (Fig. 1) or can be selected.
spiral mandrel dies (Fig. 2) can be used as extrusion
heads. When using a spiral “spider” mandrel die, flow Calibration
marking and flow lines can be avoided by minimising The conventional calibration method using a vacuum
the profile and number of mandrel supports. tank with tube or plate calibrating is well suited for
Grilon materials. In general, short calibration dies
The design of the pipe extrusion head makes a signifi- should be used in order to avoid high calibration fric-
cant contribution to smoothly running extrusion at high tion values and rapid solidification. The surface of the
speeds and the properties of the extruded pipe such as calibration channel should be sand-blasted. An effec-
cold impact strength, burst pressure, long-term compres- tive and uniform lubricating water film should be present
sion set and the optical quality of the pipes. Mandrel at the feed entry.
supports with a streamlined cross-section have proved The calibration shrinkage allowance for Grilon in a vac-
suitable. uum calibrator is dependent on the take-off speed and
ranges from 4% to 10% for very high extrusion speeds.
Die dimensions High vacuum values should be avoided in order to pre-
Die land and haul-off ratio also have a decisive influ- vent impairment of the mechanical properties through
ence on the quality of the extruded pipes. A die land processing. A vacuum of 100 mbar is sufficient for sta-
which is too short can lead to significant expansion of ble calibration behaviour of high-quality pipes.
the melt on exit which makes subsequent calibration of
the pipes very difficult or which does not completely Further details can be found in our brochure “Tube extru-
remove flow lines caused by mandrel supports. When sion”.
processing Grilon materials, we recommend a die land
length of 25x the die gap width for a centre-fed die and
a minimum of 10 mm for a spiral mandrel die. pin
torpedo
The haul-off ratio influences important pipe properties die

screw
pipe
such as cold impact strength, strain at break and resis-
tance to chemicals. The draw-down ratio is of particular
importance because it influences the lead into the cali-
bration as well as the stretching of the melt. tube calibrator
screen
die land centring breaker plate
screw pin holder
D Fig. 1: Centre-fed die with pipe calibration
Draw-down TOD D P S
ratio = Haul-off = = = 1
P TOD TID S2
TID
D = Die diameter [mm]
P = Die mandrel diameter [mm]
TID = Inside diameter of pipe [mm]
TOD = Outside diameter of pipe [mm]
S1 = Die gap [mm]
S2 = Pipe wall thickness [mm]
Fig. 2: Spiral mandrel die system from ETA Kunststofftechnologie GmbH
52
Extrusion blow-moulding
Extrusion blow-moulding dies Blow ratio

As described in the paragraph regarding pipe extru- The blow ratio to be selected is dependent on the
sion, along with centre-fed dies, spiral “spider leg” shape of the finished article – if it is rounded with a
mandrel dies may also be used. However, spider-leg nearly even longitudinal cross-section or if it has sharp
mandrel supports may cause a longitudinal orientation edges and corners.
of the fibres in grades containing glass-fibre reinforce-
ment, resulting in weak spots in the finished part. This possible simple unfavorable
can be prevented by staggering the position of the die blow-up ratio part geometry part geometry
legs. non-reinforced
up to ~ 6 : 1 up to ~ 4 : 1
Grilon grades
When using melt accumulators, FIFO (first-in first-out)
dies should be selected in order to avoid extremely long reinforced
Grilon grades up to ~ 4 : 1 up to ~ 2 : 1
melt dwell times.
Nozzles
The die and core geometries used must ensure sufficient Mould
levels of compression (sufficiently convergent flow-chan- It is recommended that corrosion-resistant steel grades
nel cross-section for the whole wall thickness control such as 1.2316, 1.4122 and 1.2083 be used for
range). This ensures efficiency of wall-thickness control mould cavities, outer die rings, calibrating mandrels
even when the die orifice is opened wide. and pinch-off seams. Today, moulds can also be manu-
factured from surface-hardened aluminium.
Parison swelling
Parison swelling with Grilon materials is generally much Venting slits can be milled to a depth of 0.1 mm and
smaller than when using polyolefins. General recom- a width of 25 mm in the mould parting surfaces. Vents
mendations regarding when to use a larger die com- drilled in the mould cavity side should have a dia-meter
pared to those used for processing polyethylene and of up to 0.3 mm. It is also possible to use sintered metal
polypropylene cannot be given because the various plates for mould venting.
Grilon grades differ greatly in this respect. Along with
the melt temperature and the shear rates created, the
nozzle geometry has a decisive influence.
Parison swelling increases with small diameter nozzles

and high output rates. Accordingly, parison swelling
can decrease if large nozzles and a relatively slow out-
put rate are used.
53
54
3.0
Geometry of pinch-off seams
When using Grilon materials, the compressed area 2.5
must be sufficiently dimensioned in order to achieve
2.0
Shrinkage [%]
high pinch-off weld strengths of the finished parts.
Compression area
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
1:1 2:1 3:1 4:1 5:1 6:1
Blow-up ratio
Circumferential Longitudinal
Mould cavity
direction direction
Clamping force
Relatively high nip forces of 1400 N/cm to 2200 N/ Shrinkage values vary significantly according to the
cm are necessary when processing Grilon materials. Grilon grade being used, the geometry of the part be-
ing made, its wall thicknesses and the processing con-
Shrinkage ditions. It is therefore difficult to specify exact shrinkage
The following two diagrams show the general depen- values.
dency of shrinkage. The higher the temperature of a
finished article when it is removed from the mould, the When experience with the type of material and geome-
greater the shrinkage can be expected to be. Peripheral try is limited, moulds should be designed slightly smaller
shrinkage is also influenced by the blow ratio. in order to achieve the correct shrinkage allowances
later through secondary finishing.
Mould temperatures
3.0 Mould temperatures of between 40°C and 80°C are
recommended for Grilon grades.
2.5
2.0 Using reclaimed material

Shrinkage [%]
When used correctly (low or correct moisture content,

1.5 short dwell times of the melt), up to 50% reclaimed ma-
terial can be mixed with new material without this hav-
1.0
ing noticeable negative effects on the finished articles.
0.5
Stable process control, i.e. fewest possible parameter
0
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 changes in comparison to pure new material, is greatly
dependent on the size, shape and uniformity of the
Demoulding temperature [°C] (with Grilon R 50 HNZ)
pieces of reclaimed material used.
54
Post-treatment
Bonding Types of pre-treatment

Grilon’s excellent resistance to chemicals makes it a dif-
ficult material to bond. However, with careful choice of • Degreasing: use of organic solvents, e.g. acetone
adhesive and the correct process technology, good re- • Mechanical abrasion: brushing, grinding, sand-
sults for adhesion and diffusion bonds can be obtained, blasting
so that engineering joints are possible. • Electro-chemical: corona discharge, low pressure
plasma
Solvent adhesives based on phenol (resorcinol, cresol) • Thermal: flaming
as well as reactive adhesives (single or two-component • Chemical: treatment with corrosive substances; ad-
systems) are particularly suitable for the adhesive bond- hesive manufacturers offer suitable primer systems
ing of Grilon.
The most common reaction adhesives: The choice of suitable adhesive must be made sepa-
rately for every application because, in addition to the
Single-component systems material to be bonded, the joint geometry, the bonding
gap and the surface quality all have a major impact on
• Cyanacrylate or methacrylate adhesives, particu- the resultant bond. Our application development centre
larly well suited for bonding Grilon to metal, moul- will be happy to supply you with further information re-
ded parts with a small surface area, very quick garding the choice of adhesive and suppliers.
setting
Welding
Two-component systems Very solid bonds can be obtained for shaped parts
made of Grilon using heated element welding, ultraso-
• Polyurethane adhesives nic welding, infrared welding, laser welding and vibra-
• Epoxy resin adhesives, longer pot life (hardening tion welding technology.
time), gap filling, large bonding areas
The best results in the weld zone are achieved using ul-
trasonic welding, which makes this method particularly
A significant improvement in bond quality can be suitable for use with small components. Ultrasonic weld-
achieved through pre-treatment to activate the bond ing processes are suitable for embedding threaded
surfaces. metal inserts as well as for riveting and beading.
55
56
Painting Machining
Due to its excellent resistance to most solvents, Grilon It should be borne in mind that, for economical reasons,
can be painted with one or several coats of different parts should be designed so as to make machining un-
kinds of paint to achieve a good cover without impair- necessary. If machining is used to make prototypes,
ing the mechanical properties. Single and two-compo- it should be remembered that the properties are not
nent paints with their solvent content adjusted to suit the necessarily identical to those of an injection-moulded
material to be painted are suitable. part.
Pre-treatment Methods of pre-treatment are given in the chapter

Special pre-treatment of Grilon is normally not neces- “Bonding”.
sary, although certain additives such as lubricants may
make painting more difficult. In these cases, improved Method
paint adhesion can be achieved by pre-treating shaped Unit Turning Milling Sawing Drilling
parts made of Grilon. Clearance angle o 5–10 3–15 15–30 5–10
Rake angle o 2-10 5-15 3-6 6-15
Laser marking and lettering
Various Grilon grades can be modified to be suitable Sectional
speed m/min 200–400 300–800 200–500 50–120
for laser marking and printing if required.
Rate of feed mm/U 0.1–0.5 0.1–0.5 - 0.1–0.5
Reusing reclaimed material Point angle o - - - 90–120
The following points should be observed: Circular pitch mm - 2–8 - -
• Water absorption: moisture content

• Grinding: dust content, maximum particle size General
• Contamination by other polymers, dust, oil, etc. Please contact our application development centre for
• Proportion: percentage addition to original mate- further information regarding post-treatment of Grilon.
rial
• Changes in colour
• Changes in mechanical properties
56
Services and technical support
We provide advisory services and know-how to our an extremely efficient way of finding a solution. The
customers, starting from development and continuing variety of calculations which can be made ranges from
right through to serial manufacture of a part. Our cus- simple flow pattern simulations, taking into considera-
tomer services provide quality, reliability and technical tion the influence of the cooling system, to qualitative
support. statements about shrink behaviour and the warping of
shaped parts. Part design using FE analysis provides in-
• We draw up and discuss with you a range of formation about highly stressed areas. This allows weak
designs for your applications in order to find an points in the design to be identified and corresponding
optimum solution from both a technical and an eco- modifications to be made. Through the use of both the
nomic viewpoint. NX-Nastron and CATIA 3D CAD systems, in combina-
tion with the Parasolid, IGES and STEP interfaces, EMS-
• As a material specialist, we will provide you with GRIVORY is able to use the customer’s own 3D CAD
a material recommendation that “fits”. We do this data directly as the basis for CAE simulations.
by comparing and analysing possible materials,
thereby ensuring that we recommend the material Prototypes
which is best suited to your application. The key to success is rapid realisation and quick im-
plementation of a good idea! EMS-GRIVORY helps to
• We also provide support in identifying and carry- reduce the effort involved in the manufacture of proto-
ing out tests suited to your application. Our modern types, thereby saving valuable time and reducing costs.
laboratories can offer a wide and varied range of
mechanical, thermal, chemical and electrical tests. We support you by manufacturing a small series of pro-
totypes for the first practical tests.
• Are you experiencing problems with material sam- In our application development centre, we can also
pling or the start of production? With our applica- sample metal die-casting tools directly, after small, re-
tions engineering know-how, we can offer you ex- versible modifications.
pert advice for processing and mould optimisation,
and our Technical Customer Services department Within the shortest possible period of time, we there-
can also provide on-site support. fore offer you the opportunity to test the first prototypes,
without you having to construct an injection mould in
CAE advance.
Using computer-aided engineering systems, EMS-GRIV-
ORY application development centre are able to offer With these prototypes you can gain first practical expe-
our customers a wide range of support services in this rience and incorporate this knowledge into subsequent
sector. CAE systems used include the Moldflow pro- project phases, thereby eliminating the need to carry
gram modules FLOW, COOL and WARP for the simu- out expensive modifications to manufacturing moulds
lation of injection moulding processes as well as the shortly before serial production.
finite element (FE) programs NX-Nastron and ANSYS
for mechanical part design and layout. Rheological
simulation enables the optimum positioning of the gate
to be determined before manufacturing of the mould is
begun. These programs are also useful when changes
to existing moulds are necessary because they provide
57
Using our test laboratories
58
Material testing and quality control In addition, our materials testing department can make
The EMS-GRIVORY Business Unit has at its disposal use of a variety of additional equipment such as an
state-of-the-art, fully equipped laboratories for material EMS-P test unit (determination of the permeability of fuel-
testing and quality control. system components to petrol), a petrol circulation unit
(testing of the working life of plastic petrol lines under
Our instrument infrastructure allows us not only to de- extreme conditions), a hot air threshold pressure test (for
termine the standard mechanical, thermal and electri- testing of parts made using extrusion blow-moulding
cal properties of our materials for use in data sheets processes) and many more.
and approvals, but also to provide practical support for
research and development work, application develop- With these services, we can offer our customers ac-
ment and for our customers. tive support in the choice and development of materials
as well as component design and testing of finished
• Our mechanical testing laboratory is equipped parts.
with modern tensile testing machines, automated
impact testing apparatus and devices to determine
the creep behaviour of plastic materials in air and
liquid media. We also have pneumatic flexural
strength apparatus and a dynamic compression-
tension machine available for testing the dynamic
short-term and long-term stress behaviour of Grilon
materials.
• The rheological laboratory of our materials testing

department is capable of supplying characteristic
property data for materials necessary for the simula-
tion of injection-moulding processes.
• Laboratory tests carried out to examine resistance

to chemicals, heat and weathering provide impor-
tant information about the use of our materials in
applications involving extreme conditions.
• Chemical and process-engineering tests ensure that

the high quality levels of our products can be pro-
perly monitored and the consistent nature of proper-
ties is guaranteed.
58
CAMPUS
CAMPUS Material descriptions, chemical resistance information,

stands for Computer Aided Material Preselection by typical applications and processing information supple-
Uniformed Standards. ment the product profile.
The database contains a careful selection of meaning- The database program and CAMPUS data can be
ful test results which accurately describe the property downloaded from our website (www.emsgrivory.com).
profile of a material. The test bars used to obtain these
test results are produced under standardised injection- The very extensive “EMS Material Database” is also
moulding conditions. Testing is carried out according to available at the EMS-GRIVORY website. This facility not
international standards ISO 10350 and ISO 11403. only enables you to quickly download technical and
safety data sheets, but it also allows you to compare
EMS-GRIVORY has taken an active part in the creation products directly, carry out a simple search by product
of the CAMPUS database since 1989. Currently, our designations or polymer groups, or conduct a more ad-
testing laboratories have characterised more than 170 vanced search for specific properties, product features,
materials according to the CAMPUS profile regarding applications or specific authority approvals.
physical, chemical and process-engineering proper-
ties. These are shown in both tabular form (mechanical,
thermal rheological and electrical property values) and
graphical form (stress-elongation, creep, shear/loss
module, viscosity, pvT).
59
Quality standards
60
The international EMS-GRIVORY production sites all Statistical process control is used for monitoring and im-
work in accordance with the same quality manage- proving our manufacturing processes. The accuracy of
ment system based on standards ISO 9001:2008 our inspection, measuring and test equipment is deter-
and ISO/TS 16949:2009. They are certified by the mined in controlled tests.
Swiss Association for Quality and Management Sys-
tems (“Schweizerische Vereinigung für Qualitäts- und Continual improvement of products, services and
Management-Systeme, SQS). Compared to ISO 9001 productivity is the subject of official improvement pro-
which is found worldwide, ISO/TS 16949, which was grammes to which all of our employees are fully com-
developed by the automotive industry, contains further- mitted.
reaching and more stringent requirements.
Our quality management system is above all at the ser-
Our management system is process oriented. Our ulti- vice of our customers, and our focus is based on their
mate aim is customer satisfaction. Our efforts are con- actual requirements and not on bureaucratic methods.
centrated on conformance with quality requirements
and the appropriate use of resources.
The quality planning cycle begins with market research

and ends with customer service. In the intermediate
development phase, research and manufacturing face
particular challenges.
Development projects are handled by inter-departmental

teams working according to the principles of “simulta-
neous engineering”. The team members do not think
and act solely within the confines of their own depart-
ments but instead strive to attain a common goal. Mo-
dern technology (such as statistical test design) and pre-
ventive methods (such as failure, probability and effect
analysis) play a central role. The guiding principle of
project management is “avoiding mistakes instead of
correcting them”.
60
Product lines
Product lines Grilamid

Technical polymer for highest demands.
Grivory HT
Enhanced performance at high temperatures. Grilamid® is the brand name given by EMS-GRIVORY to
its polyamide 12 products. These engineering plastics
Grivory® is the brand name of a group of engineer- have been successfully tried and tested for more than
ing plastics. Grivory HT is a material based on poly- 30 years in a wide variety of challenging applications.
phthalamide (copolyamide PA6T/6I, PA6T/66,
PA10T/X), manufactured and marketed by EMS-GRIV- Grilamid TR
ORY. Transparent polyamide for highest demands.
Grivory GV Grilamid TR® is the brand name given by EMS-GRIV-

The proven material for metal replacement. ORY to its transparent polyamides. Grilamid TR grades
are transparent polyamides for processing using ther-
Grivory® GV is the brand name of a group of engi- moplastic methods and based on aliphatic and cyclo-
neering plastics manufactured and marketed by EMS- aliphatic units.
GRIVORY. The materials in this group are based on
semi-crystalline polyamides with some partially aromat-
ic content. Grivory GV is available in granular form for
processing using injection moulding methods
Grilon
Premium polyamide
Grilon® is the EMS-GRIVORY brand name for engineer-

ing plastics based on polyamide 6, polyamide 66 and
polyamide 66/6 alloys. The products in this group are
semi-crystalline polyamide materials which are charac-
terised by many groundbreaking properties.
61
Delivery form
62
Grilon is delivered as dry, cylindrical granules, pack- The recommendations and data given here are based
aged in moisture-proof sacks of 25 kg each. on our experience to date. No liability can be assumed
in connection with their usage and processing.
Pre-drying of material from unopened and undamaged
sacks is not necessary. A wide variety of Grilon grades Please note: EMS-GRIVORY cannot assess any possi-
are available from stock in the colours natural and ble future health risks which could be caused by the
black. long-term contact of our products with blood or tissue.
For this reason, EMS-GRIVORY cannot promote medical
Special colours or deliveries in large containers are applications involving long-term contact of plastic with
available on request. Our sales engineers will be hap- blood or tissue.
py to advise you further.
Domat/Ems, May 2011
Recycling of packaging material

The disposal markings on our packaging material are
criteria for sorting and guarantee type-specific dispo-
sal.
In some European countries, EMS-GRIVORY prepays

disposal fees, e.g. in cooperation with the RIGK scheme
in Germany where empty packaging containers can be
returned free of charge.
Grilon link
For further information, please visit our website:
www.emsgrivory.com
62
Index
Applications............................................5–10 Injection moulding, reinforced Product data.........................................14–35

Approvals..............................................46, 47 (glass beads, minerals, hybrid)......24, 25 Product lines..................................................61
Arrhenius plot...............................................45 Injection moulding, Properties,
Automotive applications.......................6–8 self-extinguishing.................................26, 27 - general................................................14–35
Injection moulding, reinforced - electrical..............................................14–35
Bearing applications.........................28, 29 (sliding bearing reinforced, - mechanical........................................ 14–35
Ball indentation hardness............... 14–35 conductive)............................................28, 29 - thermal.................................................14–35
Bonding.........................................................55 Injection moulding, Prototypes..................................................... 57
reinforced with glass fibres..............18–21
CAE................................................................. 57 Injection moulding, Quality control............................................58
Calibration, pipes......................................52 reinforced with glass fibres, Quality standards......................................60
CAMPUS database..................................59 impact-modified,
Chemical resistance..................................43 adhesion-modified............................. 22, 23 Reclaimed material............................ 54, 56
Colours...........................................................61 Injection moulding, Recycling, packaging................................61
Comparative reinforced with long fibres............... 30, 31 Resistance, chemicals............................... 43
tracking index.......................................14–35 Introduction.....................................................3 Resistance to heat ageing......................45
Conductive materials.......................28, 29 ISO 9001...................................................... 60 Resistance, weathering.............................44
Construction applications..........................9 ISO/TS16949:2009.................................. 60 Rheological simulation............................. 57
Creep curves....................................... 41, 42
Customer services............................... 57, 60 Laser marking and lettering................... 56 Sanitary fittings applications....................9
Long glass fibres.................................11, 12 Screw geometry.......................................... 51
Delivery form................................................62 Long-term behaviour......................... 41, 42 Screw length................................................50
Density....................................................14–35 Services............................................57, 58, 60
Dielectric strength...............................14–35 Machine construction applications.......8 Short-term behaviour........................ 36–40
Dies, pipe manufacture........................... 52 Machining.....................................................56 Specific surface resistivity.................14–35
Domestic applications..............................10 Market segments.................................. 5–10 Specific volume resistivity.................14–35
Drinking water, contact with.................. 47 Material testing...................................44, 58 Sport & leisure applications......................9
Drying.............................................................49 Max. working temperature.............14–35 Sprue systems..............................................50
Melt temperature................................14–35 Static stress...................................................42
Electrical dielectric strength............14–35 Moisture absorption..........................14–35 Storage..........................................................48
Electrical / electronic applications........ 5 Mould design............................................. 50 Stress at break.....................................14–35
EU guidelines...............................................46 Moldflow.......................................................57 Surface resistivity.................................14–35
Expansion coefficient.........................14–35 Mould shrinkage................................14–35
Technical support.......................................57
Extrusion.................................................51, 52 Moulds, prototypes.................................. 57
Tensile E modulus................................14–35
Extrusion blow-moulding........................ 53 Mould temperature...................................50
Tensile E modulus,
Extrusion (flexible).......................................32
as function of temperature............. 36–38
Nomenclature................................................4
Tensile test.............................................36–38
FDA..................................................................46 Notched impact strengt....11, 14–35, 39
Tests.........................................................58, 59
Flammability..........................................14–35 Notched impact strength,
Thermal expansion.............................14–35
Foodstuffs, contact with........................... 46 as function of temperature......................... 39
Tracking index......................................14–35
Nozzle, injection moulding.................... 50
General properties.............................14–35 UV radiation.................................................44
Optics applications..............................9, 10
Hardness, ball indentation.............14–35 Outdoor weathering................................ 44 Volume resistivity..................................14–35
Heat deflection temperature..........14–35
Packaging.....................................................61 Water absorption..............................14–35
Impact strength....................................14–35 Painting..........................................................56 Weathering resistance.............................44
Impact strength, Pipe extrusion...............................................52 Welding........................................................ 55
as function of temperature......................39 Post-treatment.......................................55, 56 WRAS.............................................................47
Injection moulding..................................... 50 Processing, extrusion................................. 51
Injection moulding, non-reinforce...14–17 Processing, injection moulding..............50 Yield stress.............................................14–35
63
EMS-GRIVORY worldwide
www.emsgrivory.com
EMS-GRIVORY - The leading manufacturer of high-performance polyamides

EMS-GRIVORY is the leading manufacturer of high-performance polyamides and the supplier with the widest range of
polyamide materials. Our products are well-known throughout the world under the trade marks Grilamid, Grivory and Grilon.
We offer our customers a comprehensive package of high-capacity and high-quality products along with segment-specific
advisory competence in distribution and application development. We maintain our market leadership through continual
product and application development in all segments.
EMS-GRIVORY Europe Italy Korea

Switzerland EMS-CHEMIE (Italia) S.r.l. EMS-CHEMIE (Korea) Ltd.
EMS-CHEMIE AG Via Carloni 56 #817 Doosan Venturedigm,
Business Unit EMS-GRIVORY Europe 22100 Como (CO) 415 Heungan Daero,
Via Innovativa 1 Italia Dongan-gu, Anyang-si,
7013 Domat/Ems Tel. +39 011 0604522 Gyeonggi-do, 431-755
Switzerland Fax +39 011 0604522 Republic of Korea
Phone +41 81 632 78 88 welcome@it.emsgrivory.com Phone +82 31 478 3159
Fax +41 81 632 76 65 Fax +82 31 478 3157
welcome@emsgrivory.com EMS-GRIVORY Asia welcome@kr.emsgrivory.com
China
Germany EMS-CHEMIE (China) Ltd. Japan
EMS-CHEMIE (Deutschland) Vertriebs GmbH 227 Songbei Road EMS-CHEMIE (Japan) Ltd.
Warthweg 14 Suzhou Industrial Park EMS Building
64823 Gross-Umstadt Suzhou City 215126 2-11-20 Higashi-koujiya
Germany Jiangsu Province Ota-ku, Tokyo 144-0033
Phone +49 6078 783 0 P.R. China Japan
Fax +49 6078 783 416 Phone +86 512 8666 8180 Phone +81 3 5735 0611
welcome@de.emsgrivory.com Fax +86 512 8666 8210 Fax +81 3 5735 0614
welcome@cn.emsgrivory.com welcome@jp.emsgrivory.com
France
EMS-CHEMIE (France) S.A. EMS-CHEMIE (Suzhou) Ltd. EMS-GRIVORY America
855 Avenue Roger Salengro 227 Songbei Road United States
Boîte postale 16 Suzhou Industrial Park EMS-CHEMIE (North America) Inc.
92370 Chaville Suzhou City 215126 2060 Corporate Way
France Jiangsu Province P.O. Box 1717
Phone +33 1 41 10 06 10 P.R. China Sumter, SC 29151
Fax +33 1 48 25 56 07 Phone +86 512 8666 8181 USA
welcome@fr.emsgrivory.com Fax +86 512 8666 8183 Phone +1 803 481 61 71
welcome@cn.emsgrivory.com Fax +1 803 481 61 21
Great Britain welcome@us.emsgrivory.com
EMS-CHEMIE (UK) Ltd. Taiwan
Darfin House, Priestly Court EMS-CHEMIE (Taiwan) Ltd.
Staffordshire Technology Park 36, Kwang Fu South Road
Stafford ST18 0LQ Hsin Chu Industrial Park
Great Britain Fu Kou Hsiang
Phone +44 1785 283 739 Hsin Chu Hsien 30351
Fax +44 1785 283 722 Taiwan, R.O.C.
welcome@uk.emsgrivory.com Phone +886 3 598 5335
Fax +886 3 598 5345
welcome@tw.emsgrivory.com
EMS-GRIVORY,
a business unit of the EMS Group
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Grilon

36 Design data – short-term behaviour

48 Storage and drying

57 Services and technical support

• high strength and stiffness Grade families

Grilon is perfectly suited for processing using injection

Block 1 A polyamide 66 Block 1 A polyamide 66

Example, non-reinforced: Example, reinforced:

Colour, natural Colour, black 9832

Electrical / electronics technology

Examples Suitable grades

Examples Suitable grades

Examples Suitable grades

Examples Suitable grades

Examples Suitable grades

Examples Suitable grades

Sport & optics

Examples Suitable grades

Examples Suitable grades

Examples Suitable grades

Grilon TSGL Compared to TSG materials reinforced with short glass

Notched impact strength

PA-GF mod. PA-LFT duced. As a result, a test plate in an impact penetration

Modification PA 6 PA 66 PA 66+6 Page

Non-reinforced, impact-modified 16/17

Reinforced with glass fibres 18 – 21

Reinforced with glass fibres, impact-modified 22/23

Reinforced with glass fibres, adhesion-modified 22/23

Reinforced with glass beads, minerals, hybrid 24/25

Sliding bearing materials, conductive 28/29

LFT, reinforced with long fibres 30/31

Flexible grades 32/33

Extrusion blow-moulding materials 34/35

Tensile E modulus 1 mm/min ISO 527 MPa

Product designation as per ISO 16396

222 222 222 222 260 260 260

1.14 1.13 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.14 1.13

Tensile E modulus 1 mm/min ISO 527 MPa

Product designation as per ISO 16396

222 222 222 222 222 260 260 260 260

1.10 1.10 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.07 1.07 1.12 1.07

Tensile E modulus 1 mm/min ISO 527 MPa

Tensile E modulus 1 mm/min ISO 527 MPa

Product designation as per ISO 16396

222 222 223 260 260 260 260 265

1.35 1.58 1.69 1.20 1.35 1.40 1.55 1.72

Tensile E modulus 1 mm/min ISO 527 MPa

Product designation as per ISO 16396

Tensile E modulus 1 mm/min ISO 527 MPa

Product designation as per ISO 16396

222 222 222 222 260 260 260

1.34 1.55 1.34 1.44 1.35 1.37 1.34

Tensile E modulus 1 mm/min ISO 527 MPa

Tensile E modulus 1 mm/min ISO 527 MPa

Product designation as per ISO 16396

222 260 260 260 260 260 260

1.22 1.16 1.28 1.18 1.22 1.26 1.31

Tensile E modulus 1 mm/min ISO 527 MPa

Product designation as per ISO 16396

260 260 260 250