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    Arfken MMCH 9 S 2 e 4

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    Alcides Lucas
    The document provides the solution to the partial differential equation (PDE): ∂ψ/∂x + ∂ψ/∂y + ∂ψ/∂z = x - y. It uses the method of characteristics to reduce the PDE to an ordinary differential equation (ODE) along characteristic curves. The ODE is integrated and the general solution is obtained as ψ(x, y, z) = x(x - y) + f(y - x, z - x), where f is an arbitrary function of the characteristic coordinates y - x and z - x.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Arfken MMCH 9 S 2 e 4

    Uploaded by

    Alcides Lucas
    110 views1 page
    The document provides the solution to the partial differential equation (PDE): ∂ψ/∂x + ∂ψ/∂y + ∂ψ/∂z = x - y. It uses the method of characteristics to reduce the PDE to an ordinary differential equation (ODE) along characteristic curves. The ODE is integrated and the general solution is obtained as ψ(x, y, z) = x(x - y) + f(y - x, z - x), where f is an arbitrary function of the characteristic coordinates y - x and z - x.

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    livro de física matemática

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    ArfkenMMch9s2e4

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    The document provides the solution to the partial differential equation (PDE): ∂ψ/∂x + ∂ψ/∂y + ∂ψ/∂z = x - y. It uses the method of characteristics to reduce the PDE to an ordinary differential equation (ODE) along characteristic curves. The ODE is integrated and the general solution is obtained as ψ(x, y, z) = x(x - y) + f(y - x, z - x), where f is an arbitrary function of the characteristic coordinates y - x and z - x.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    110 views1 page

    Arfken MMCH 9 S 2 e 4

    Uploaded by

    Alcides Lucas
    The document provides the solution to the partial differential equation (PDE): ∂ψ/∂x + ∂ψ/∂y + ∂ψ/∂z = x - y. It uses the method of characteristics to reduce the PDE to an ordinary differential equation (ODE) along characteristic curves. The ODE is integrated and the general solution is obtained as ψ(x, y, z) = x(x - y) + f(y - x, z - x), where f is an arbitrary function of the characteristic coordinates y - x and z - x.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    You are on page 1of 1

    Arfken Mathematical Methods 7e: Section 9.2 - Exercise 9.2.

    4 Page 1 of 1

    Exercise 9.2.4
    Find the general solutions of the PDEs in Exercises 9.2.1 to 9.2.4.
    ∂ψ ∂ψ ∂ψ
    + + = x − y.
    ∂x ∂y ∂z

    Solution

    Since ψ is a function of three variables ψ = ψ(x, y, z), its differential is defined as

    ∂ψ ∂ψ ∂ψ
    dψ = dx + dy + dz.
    ∂x ∂y ∂z
    Dividing both sides by dx, we obtain the relationship between the total derivative of ψ and the
    partial derivatives of ψ.
    dψ ∂ψ dy ∂ψ dz ∂ψ
    = + +
    dx ∂x dx ∂y dx ∂z
    In light of this, the PDE reduces to the ODE,
    dψ
    = x − y, (1)
    dx
    along the characteristic curves that satisfy
    dy
    = 1, y(0, ξ) = ξ, (2)
    dx
    dz
    = 1, z(0, η) = η, (3)
    dx
    where ξ and η are characteristic coordinates. Integrate both sides of equations (2) and (3) with
    respect to x.

    y(x, ξ) = x + ξ
    z(x, η) = x + η

    From the first of these equations, we see that x − y = −ξ, so equation (1) becomes

    dψ
    = −ξ.
    dx
    Integrate both sides with respect to x.

    ψ(x, ξ, η) = −ξx + f (ξ, η)

    Here f is an arbitrary function of the two characteristic coordinates. Now eliminate ξ and η in
    favor of x, y, and z: ξ = y − x and η = z − x.

    ψ(x, y, z) = −(y − x)x + f (y − x, z − x)

    Therefore,
    ψ(x, y, z) = x(x − y) + f (y − x, z − x).

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