Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 15 views

    7.1 Lecture Part 1 Special Derivatives

    Uploaded by

    chihaoli76
    The document discusses derivatives of trigonometric functions and their formulas. It defines the derivatives of sin(x), cos(x), tan(x), cot(x), sec(x) and csc(x) and provides proofs and explanations for how to derive these formulas. Examples are also given for finding the derivatives of more complex trigonometric expressions and functions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    7.1 Lecture Part 1 Special Derivatives

    Uploaded by

    chihaoli76
    15 views13 pages
    The document discusses derivatives of trigonometric functions and their formulas. It defines the derivatives of sin(x), cos(x), tan(x), cot(x), sec(x) and csc(x) and provides proofs and explanations for how to derive these formulas. Examples are also given for finding the derivatives of more complex trigonometric expressions and functions.

    Original Description:

    Differentiation

    Original Title

    7.1 Lecture part 1 Special derivatives

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses derivatives of trigonometric functions and their formulas. It defines the derivatives of sin(x), cos(x), tan(x), cot(x), sec(x) and csc(x) and provides proofs and explanations for how to derive these formulas. Examples are also given for finding the derivatives of more complex trigonometric expressions and functions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views13 pages

    7.1 Lecture Part 1 Special Derivatives

    Uploaded by

    chihaoli76
    The document discusses derivatives of trigonometric functions and their formulas. It defines the derivatives of sin(x), cos(x), tan(x), cot(x), sec(x) and csc(x) and provides proofs and explanations for how to derive these formulas. Examples are also given for finding the derivatives of more complex trigonometric expressions and functions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 13

    Derivatives of Trigonometric

    Functions
    d
    d
    ( sin x ) = cos x ( cos x ) = − sin x
    dx dx

    d d
    ( tan x ) = sec2 x ( cot x ) = − csc2 x
    dx dx

    d
    ( sec x ) = sec x tan x d
    ( csc x ) = − csc x cot x
    dx dx
    Figure 25: The curve y´ = –sin x as the graph of the slopes of
    the tangents to the curve y = cos x.

    Slope of y = cos x
    Find the1 derivatives
    f ( x) = 5sin x − sec x + x tan x − 7 x 2 + 3
    2
    1
    f ( x) = 5cos x − sec x tan x + x sec 2 x + tan x(1) − 14 x
    2

    1 + sin x ( x + cos x)
    d d
    (1 + sin x) − (1 + sin x) ( x + cos x)
    f ( x) =
    x + cos x f ( x) = dx dx
    ( x + cos x)2

    ( x + cos x)(cos x) − (1 + sin x)(1 − sin x)


    f ( x) =
    ( x + cos x)2
    ( x cos x + cos 2 x) − (1 − sin 2 x) x cos x + cos 2 x − 1 + sin 2 x
    f ( x) = =
    ( x + cos x) 2
    ( x + cos x) 2

    x cos x
    f ( x) =
    ( x + cos x)2
    The derivative of lnx
    Remember, ln x is the inverse of ex.

    So, if y = ln x

    then x = ey

    Differentiating with respect to y gives:

    dx
    = ey
    dy
    dy 1 1
    = dx = y
    dx dy e

    But ey = x so,
    dy 1
    =
    dx x
    dy 1
    If y = ln x then =
    dx x
    DERIVATIVES OF LOG FUNCTIONS Formula 1—Proof

    d 1
    (log a x) =
    dx x ln a
    • Let y = loga x.
    • Then, ay = x.
    • Differentiating this equation implicitly with respect to x,
    using Formula 5 in Section 3.4, we get:
    dy
    • So, y
    a (ln a ) =1
    dy 1 1 dx
    = y =
    dx a ln a x ln a
    DERIVATIVES OF LOG FUNCTIONS Formula 2
    •
    If we put a = e in Formula 1, then the factor
    on the right side becomes ln e = 1 and we get
    the formula for the derivative of the natural
    logarithmic function loge x = ln x.

    d 1
    (ln x) =
    dx x
    DERIVATIVES OF LOG FUNCTIONS

    • By comparing Formulas 1 and 2, we see


    one of the main reasons why natural logarithms (logarithms with base
    e) are used in calculus:

    • The differentiation formula is simplest when


    a = e because ln e = 1.
    The derivative of ex
    A special property of the exponential function ex is that

    x dy
    If y = e then = ex
    dx
    From this, it follows that

    dy
    If y = ke x then = ke x
    dx
    where k is a constant.

    For example, if y = 4ex – x3

    dy
    = 4e x − 3 x 2
    dx
    Functions of the form ekx
    We would just remember that in general,

    dy
    If y = e kx then = ke kx
    dx
    For example,
    d 7x
    ( e ) = 7e 7 x
    dx
    d −2 x
    (e ) = −2e −2 x
    dx
    x
    d x e 3
    (e ) =
    3

    dx 3
    We can use the chain rule to extend this to any function of the form ef(x).
    Functions of the form ef(x)
    If y = ef(x) then we can let

    Let y = eu where u = f(x)

    dy du
    then = eu = f '( x )
    du dx
    Using the chain rule: dy dy du
    = × = eu × f '( x )
    dx du dx
    = f '( x )ef ( x )

    f ( x) dy
    So in general, If y = e then = f '( x)ef ( x )
    dx
    In words, to differentiate an expression of the form y = ef(x) we multiply it by the derivative
    of the exponent.
    Differentiating tan x
    Quotients Rule!
    y = tan x
    sin x
    =
    cos x
    dy cos x(cos x) − sin x(− sin x) differentiating
    Therefore =
    dx (cos x) 2 a quotient
    cos 2 x + sin 2 x
    =
    cos 2 x
    1
    = because sin 2 x + cos2 x = 1
    cos 2 x
    d
    Therefore (tan x ) = sec 2 x because
    1
    = sec x
    dx cos x

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy